DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

O. H. TITTMANN, Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 

SOMERSET COUNTY 

MARYLAND 

't 

DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND REPORT 
OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SUR- 
VEY IN COOPERATION WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 
FISHERIES AND MARYLAND SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1908 



DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR 
Wfj. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 

O. H. TITTMANN, Superintendent 



SURVEY OF OYSTER BARS 

SOMERSET COUNTY 
MARYLAND 

DESCRIPTION OF BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS AND REPORT 
OF WORK OF UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SUR- 
VEY IN COOPERATION WITH UNITED STATES BUREAU OF 
FISHERIES AND MARYLAND SHELL FISH COMMISSION 



By C. C. YATES 

CHIEF OF COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY PARTY 
ASSISTANT, COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRliHTlNG OFFICE 
1908 






Department of Commerce and Labor 
Document No. 94 

coast and OEODETIC St'RVEV 



0. OF 0. 

NOV 10 .dU^ 



LETTER OF SUBMITTAL. 



Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Survey, 

Washington, June 2g, igoS. 
Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith the report of the oflicer detailed from 
the Coast and Geodetic Survey to cooperate with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Mary- 
land Shell Fish Commission in surveying the oyster bars of the State of Maryland, and 
certain technical results which are necessary for the interpretation and use of the plats 
of the survey made by the Government. 

This work has been done under the provisions of the act of Congress entitled "An 
act to authorize the Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau 
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shellfish com- 
missioners of the State of Maryland in making sur\reys of the natural oyster beds, bars, 
and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland," approved May 26, 1906, and of 
the acts of Congress making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government 
for the fiscal jears ending June 30, 1907, 1908, and 1909. 
Respectfully, 

O. H. Tittmann, SiipennUiultiit. 
To Hon. Oscar S. Straus, 

Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 



C-E R T j F re A T I O N . 



Annapolis, Md., June 25, igo8. 
The following publication is certified to contain correct technical descriptions of 
all boundaries and landmarks established in the waters of Somerset County by the 
Maryland Shell Fish Commission in cooperation with the United States Coast and 
Geodetic Survey. 

C. C. Yates, 
Chiej of Coast aiid Geodetic Survey Party, 

Assistant, Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



Annapolis, Md., June 25, igo8. 
Examined and certified to be correct. 

Walter J. Mitchell, 
Caswell Grave, 
Benjamin K. Green, 
Maryland Shell Fish Commissioners. 
Swepson EarlE, 

Hydrographic Engineer. 

Note. — As required by law, certified copies of this publication and of the charts 
of the natural oyster bars of "Somerset County and adjacent waters" were filed in 
the office of the clerk of the circuit court of Somerset County and in the office of the 
Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, at Annapolis, on July i, 1908. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 

Progress map - Follows ii8 

Letter of submittal 4 

Certification 5 

Introduction; 

Publications -. 13 

Cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 14 

Cooperation of the Bureau of Fisheries .14 

General remarks 14 

Report of the work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey: 

Instructions i6 

Organization _• 17 

Equipment 17 

Chronological statement of work 17 

Statistics 18 

General statement ! 19 

Charts and maps: 

Charts of natural oyster bars 20 

Leasing charts 22 

Projections 22 

Progress maps 23 

Boundaries of county waters: 

Waters within territorial limits of county 23 

Waters contiguous to county 24 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations): 

Explanation of descriptions of triangulation stations 25 

Descriptions of triangulation stations — 

Chart No. 5* (upper end of Tangier Sound and Wicomico River) — 

Senator (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 7) 27 

Crab -^ 28 

Sharkfin Shoal Light 28 

Head 28 

Frog 29 

Cow 29 

Nanticoke Church 30 

Roar 30 

Nanti 3° 

White - 31 

Ella - '- 31 

Holland 32 

Child .-- 32 

Creek -- 32 

7 



8 Contents. 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey TRiANGUi,A;rioN stations)- — Continued. pagc. 
Descriptions of triangulation stations — Continued. 

Chxirt No. 5 (upper end of Tangier Sound and Wicomico River) — Continued. 

End 33 

Walnut - 33 

Jones 34 

Ivee 34 

Mount Vernon Church 35 

Ball 35 

Wind 35 

Little - -- 35 

Dove . 36 

Great Shoals Light 36 

Short 37 

Room 37 

Haines 37 

Deal Island Church 38 

Bar (see also Chart No. 7) -■ 38 

Jean (see also Chart No. 7) 39 

Sandy (see also Chart No. 7) 39 

Chart No. 6 (Chesapeake Bay west of Kedge and Holland straits) — 

Holland Island Bar Light 39 

Senator (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 7) • 27 

Solomons Lump Light (see also Chart No. 7) 39 

Fog 39 

Joseph (see also Chart No. 8) 40 

Chart No. 7 (Middle Tangier Sound and tributaries) — 

Terrapin 4° 

Solomons Lump Light (see also Chart No. 6) 39 

Miles 41 

Senator (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 6) 27 

Bar (see also Chart No. 5) 38 

Joshua 41 

Kelley 4' 

Marsh 42 

St. Pierre - 42 

Jean (see also Chart No. 5) 39 

Sandy (see also Chart No. 5) 39 

Locust 42 

Fitz (outside limits of chart; see progress map) 43 

Wab (outside limits of chart; see progress map) 43 

Pen (outside limits of chart; see progress map) 43 

Cox 43 

Green -' 44 

Barn - 44 

Cupola 44 

Staff 44 

Fairmount Church 44 

Prickly ^ 

Has 45 

Ford : 45 

Moon 45 

Colbum ■ 46 

Geog 46 

Flat Cap 45 



Contents. 9 

Landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) — Coatinued. page. 

Descriptions of triangulation stations — Continued. 

Chart No. 8 (Chesapeake Bay west of Smith Island) — 

Smith Point Light 47 

Joseph (see also Chart No. 6) 40 

North Church (Smith Island) 47 

Old Church (Smith Island) 47 

KweU'Church (Smith Island) 47 

Shanks Hammock 47 

Chart No. p (lower end of Tangier and Pocomoke sounds) — 

Reach Hammock 48 

Fishbone - 48 

Horse .-- 49 

Janes Island Light 49 

Somers Cove Light - 49 

Emmanuel Church 49 

Mount Pleasant Church 49 

Asbury Church 49 

Beacon 50 

Fox Island Poplar 50 

Sam 50 

Watermelon Hummock 51 

East— 51 

Monkey 52 

Chart No. to (upper end of Pocomoke Sound) — 

Scot 52 

Old . 52 

Will 53 

Cup 53 

■ Summer 53 

Oil 54 

Wharf 54 

Saxis Church 54 

Mos 54 

Boundaries OF oyster bars: 

Explanation of descriptions of boundaries 55 

Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries 56 

Boundaries of natural oyster bars — 

Chart No. 5 (Upper Tangier Sound and Wicomico River) — 

Turtle Egg Island (see also Chart No. 7) 59 

Mud 60 

Old Orchard 60 

Haines 6i 

Halls Point 61 

Rock Creek J 62 

Evans 62 

Buoy 62 

Wingate 63 

Mount Vernon Wharf 63 

Georges (see also Chart No. 7) 64 

( liarl No. 6 (Chesapeake Bay west of Kedge and Holland straits) — 

Southwest Middleground (see also Chart No. 8) . 65 

Kedge Straits 65 

Oyster Creek 65 

50095 — 08 2 



lO Contents. 

Boundaries of oyster bars — Continued. Page. 
Boundaries of natural oyster bars — Continued. 

Chart No. 7 (Middle Tangier Sound and tributaries) — 

Mussel Hole 66 

Turtle Egg Island (see also Chart No. 5) 59 

Chain Shoal 67 

Piney Island West 67 

Piney Island Swash _" 68 

Georges (see also Chart No. 5) 64 

Sandy Point 68 

Cornial 69 

Marshy Island 70 

Drum Point _ 71 

Prickly Point 72 

Piney Island East 72 

Harris 73 

Big Annemessex 73 

Chart No. S (Chesapeake Bay west of Smith Island) — 

Southwest Middleground (see also Chart No. 6) 65 

Church Creek 74 

Chart No. 9 (lower end of Tangier and Poconioke sounds) — 

Philibys _ 74 

Great Rock 75 

Fox Island 75 

Stone 76 

Watkins : 76 

Long Point 77 

Chart No. 10 (upper end of Pocomoke Sound) — 

Gunby . 77 

Marumsco • 78 

Kitts Creek West 78 

Kitts Creek East 79 

Boundaries of crab bottoms: 

Explanation of descriptions of boundaries , 79 

Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries 81 

Boundaries of crab bottoms — 

Chart No. 5 (Upper Tangier Sound and Wicomico River) — 

Deep Banks (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 7) 81 

Holland Straits (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 7) 82 

Pungers Creek (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 7) 82 

Laws Thoroughfare North 83 

Deal Island (see also Chart No. 7) 83 

Laws Thoroughfare South (see also Chart No. 7) 84 

Marsh Island (see also Chart No. 7) 84 

St. Pierre (see also Chart No. 7) 85 

Geanciuakin (see also Chart No. 7) "_ 85 

Chart No. 6 (Chesapeake Bay west of Kedge and Holland straits) — 

Pungers Creek (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 7) 82 

Holland Straits (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 7) 82 

Deep Banks (see also Charts Nos. 5 arid 7) . . 81 

Spring Island 86 

Pry Cove , 86 

North Kedge Straits 87 

Sheepshead (see also Chart No. 7) 87 

Fishing Point (see also Chart No. 7) 88 



Contents. ii 

Boundaries of crab bottoms — Continued. Page. 
Boundaries of crab bottoms — Continued. 

Chart No. 6 (Chesapeake Bay west of Kedge and Holland straits) — Continued. 

South Kedge Straits 88 

vSmith Island Thoroughfare (see also Charts Nos. 8 and 9) -- 89 

Chart No. 7 (Middle Tangier Sound and tributaries) — 

Terrapin Sand (see also Chart No. 9) 8g 

Fishing Point (see also Chart No. 6) 88 

Sheepshead (see also Chart No. 6) 87 

South Marsh - 90 

Pungers Creek (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 6) 82 

Deep Banks (see also Charts Nos. =; and 6) 81 

Holland Straits (see also Charts Nos. 5 and 6) .-- 82 

Deal Island (see also Chart No. 5) 83 

Wenona 9° 

Little Deal Island 9' 

Lower Thoroughfare 9' 

Piney Island 9- 

Laws Thoroughfare South (see also Chart No. ,5) 84 

Marsh Island (see also Chart No. 5) 84 

St. Pierre (see also Chart No. 5) 85 

Geanquakin (see also Chart No. 5) 85 

Teague Creek 93 

Goose Creek 93 

Mine Creek 94 

Hazard 94 

Shark Point 95 

Fords Wharf 95 

Crane Cove 9^ 

Moon Bay 9(> 

Red Cap Creek 97 

Miles 97 

Colburn 98 

Jackson Island 98 

Jones Creek 99 

Daugherty Creek 99 

Tenth Point 1 00 

Chart No. S (Chesapeake Bay west of Smith Island) — 

Smith Island Thoroughfare (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 9) 8g 

Shanks Creek 100 

Tylers Creek (see also Chart No. 9) loi 

Chart No. 9 (lower end of Tangier and Pocomoke sounds) — 

Tylers Creek (see also Chart No. 8) i"i 

Smith Island Thoroughfare (see also Charts Nos. 6 and 8) 89 

Big Island loi 

Drum >o- 

Terrapin Sand (see also Chart No. 7) 89 

Old House i°2 

Light House io3 

Cancer i°4 

Back Creek io4 

Lavellette 105 

Jenkins Creek.-- 105 

Kings Island 106 

Great Point—- i07 



12 Contc7its. 

Boundaries of ckab bottoms — Continued. Page. 

Boundaries of crab bottoms — Continued. 

Chart No. g (lower end of Tangier and Pocomoke sounds) — Continued. 

Fishing Creek 107 

Cedar Straits 108 

Broad Creek 108 

Ware Point. i. 109 

Apes Hole no 

Chart No. 10 (upper end of Pocomoke Sound). [No crab bottoms.] 
Boundaries of clam beds: 

Explanation of descriptions of boundaries no 

Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries . in 

Boundaries of clam beds — 

Charts Nos. 5, 6, 7, and 8. [No clam beds on these charts.] 
Chart No. 9 (lower end of Tangier and Pocomoke sounds) — 

Ware Rock in 

Gravel Rock in 

Flat Rock (see also Chart No. 10) 112 

Chart No. 10 (upper end of Pocomoke Sound) — 

Flat Rock (see also Chart No. 9) 112 

Appendixes: 

Appendix A. — Laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 

Bureau of Fisheries with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission 113 

Appendix B. — Laws relating to survey of clam beds 116 

Appendix C. — Statistics of results of the combined operations of the Government and State. 117 
Appendix D. — "The Haman Oyster Culture Law" (extract from First Report of Shell Fish 

Commission) 117 



vSURYEY OF OYSTER BARvS, SOMERSET COUNTY, MD. 



INTRODUCTION. 

PUBLICATIONS. 

The preparation of publications relating to the survey of the oyster bars, crab 
bottoms, and clam beds of Maryland has been divided between the Government and the 
State in accordance with the laws " authorizing the work and the natural division of 
the surveying operations of the cooperating forces. 

The publications prepared and issued by the Government under the direction of 
the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey consist of a series of charts and 
a technical report for each county surveyed.* The charts show all legal boundaries of 
oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds within the adopted boundaries of the waters 
opened up for leasing with each county, and the location of all landmarks (Coast and 
Geodetic Survey triangulation stations) used as a foundation for the dehneation of these 
various boundaries. The technical report gives technical and legal descriptions of all 
oyster bar and other boundaries, and descriptions of all landmarks shown on the charts, 
and includes the report "^ of the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 
charge of the work of that Service in cooperation with the Bureauof Fisheries and the 
Maryland Shell Fish Commission. These charts and technical reports are prepared and 
certified for file with the courts and the Commission, as required by the laws of the 
State, and contain all information necessary to make a permanent record of the work 
of the Commission and the Government for all future requirements of the courts, or for 
any resurveys that may become necessary. 

The part prepared and issued by the State under the direction of the Shell Fish 
Commission consists of an annual report ^ of all the operations of the Commission 
performed under the provisions of the laws of Maryland,'^ including results of biological 
and economic oyster investigations, methods and results of the hydrographic survey of 
the boundaries of oyster bars and crab bottoms, the administrative report and financial 
statement of the Commission, information relating to oyster culture, methods of sur- 



o See Appendix A for laws relating to the cooperation of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and Bureau 
of Fisheries with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission. 

6 These charts and technical reports can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, D. C. The publications ready for issue are those of Anne 
Arundel and Somerset counties. Those of Wicomico and Worcester counties are now being prepared. . 

c See page i6 and the progress map attached to this publication. 

d These reports can be obtained by application to the Shell Fish Commission, Annapolis, Md. 
They are issued annually in October, and the first report is now available for distribution. 

« See Appendix D for an extract from the "First Report of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission," 
giving a concise summary of the " Haman Oyster Culture Law." 

J3 



14 Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset County^ Md. 

veying and leasing of oyster lots, and much other important matter of legal and scientific 
value. 

These two sets of publications are planned and arranged to supplement each 
other without unnecessary duplication, and when combined they form a complete 
report of operations, methods, and results of the work of both the Government and 
State. 

COOPERATION OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 

The work of the Coast and Geodetic Sur\'ey, as the name of the Service indicates, 
includes a survey of the coasts of the United States made on a geodetic basis. This 
has involved the gradual construction of a great framework of interstate triangulation 
for use as a foundation for detail hydrographic and topographic surveys, from which 
there has been compiled and published a complete set of charts of the coasts of the 
United States, including all waters of Maryland where oysters grow. This existing 
triangulation, hydrography, and topography is essential for a correct and practical 
survey of natural oyster bars; and it being one of the fundamental functions of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey to furnish such data, the cooperation of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Commission 
is a practical and natural development of Government work leading to the conservation 
and increase of the supply of food. 

COOPERATION OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 

The Bureau of Fisheries has cooperated with the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission principally as an advisor in matters relating to the 
biological and economic survey of oyster bars and the methods to be employed for that 
purpose." A steam launch, rowing boat, and certain apparatus have also been fur- 
nished. 

The primary function of the Bureau of Fisheries is to increase the productiveness 
of marine and fresh waters by such measures as may be best suited to the purpose, and 
the services rendered in connection with the survey of the oyster bars of Maryland are 
strictly in line with the fundamental law under which it acts. In certain States other 
than Maryland similar work has been conducted by the Bureau acting indeix-ndcntly, 
the same ends being attained at greater expense to the Government. 

GENERAL REMARKS. 

A brief account of the particular surveying operations which constitute an "oyster 
survey" as now being carried on in Maryland will assist in the interpretation of records 
contained in the technical part of this report, and will be of interest to the many who 
may not understand the necessity for the great amount of work being done or its com- 
plicated character. 

To those familiar with surveying methods on open waters the necessity for the various 
operations performed are evident, especially when it is known that the boundaries of 
the public oyster bars and of the private lots leased for purposes of oyster culture must 
be surveyed and charted with the greatest attainable accuracy. To others it will be 



o Hon. George M. Bowers, Commissioner of Fisheries, has detailed for this service Dr. H. F. 
Moore, Assistant, Bureau of Fisheries. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 15 

sufficient to state that the actual experience gained from oyster surveys in other States 
has proven that to accurately locate and permanently establish oyster boundaries as 
is now being done in Maryland is necessary if endless dissatisfaction and future liti- 
gation are to be avoided. 

Such refinement of survey work as demanded by the conditions of an oyster survey 
when carried on at considerable distances offshore can only be obtained by the use of a 
system of triangulation as a framework or foundation. Therefore, a triangulation 
survey including the permanent marking of the positions of landmarks with monuments 
and a record of the descriptions of their locations for future recovery is a necessary 
(iptTalion of a complete oyster survey. 

The technical records which established the relation between the offshore oyster 
boundaries and triangulation landmarks are sufficient for the requirements of engi- 
neers in making resurveys, but do not supply the needs of others who are interested in 
the same boundaries by reason of their occupation as oystermen concerned as to the 
public oyster bars, or oyster culturists concerned as to the barren bottoms. For these 
it is necessarv to have the charts of the survey show the relation of the shore line and 
other topographic features to the boundaries of the public oyster bars and private oyster 
farms. Therefore, a topographic survev is a necessary operation of a complete oyster 
survey. 

In the settlement of the important question of what is, or what is not, a natural 
oyster bar, and in the consideration of bottoms to be selected for purposes of oyster 
culture, information as to the depth of water and the character of the bottom is 
required. Therefore, a hvdrographic survey is a necessary operation of a complete 
oyster survey. 

Consequently, the necessary components of a satisfactory foundation for a complete 
oyster survey are the three classes of survey operations technically named triangula- 
tion, topography, and hydrography, or, stated in another way, the foundation of a 
practical oyster survey includes the surveying operations usually followed by the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey leading up to the preparation and publication of navigational 
charts. 

Having obtained this cartographic survey for a foundation, partly by new Work 
and parti V from records of previous work of the Government, the combined operations " 
making up an "oyster survey" are completed by superimposing on this foundation 
special surveys and investigations pertaining particularly to oysters or other shell fish. 

The special surveys pertaining to oysters furnish information as to the location 
and outline of oyster-shell bottoms and are carried on by the sounding boat party in 
addition to their usual hydrographic work.* This operation consists of a record of 
the character of vibration of a wire and chain apparatus which drags over the bottom. 
The vibrations or lack of vibrations indicating the presence or absence of shells. 

The special oyster investigations " consist of the actual determination of the kind 
and fiuantity of oysters on the bottom, and such economic and biological studies of 
the supply of oyster food, density of water, character of the bottom, and other important 



« See Appendix C of this publication for "Statistics of results ql combined operations of the Gov- 
ernment and State." 

''See pages 104 to 123 of "First .-Annual Report of Maryland Shell Fish Conniiission." 

c See pages 30 to 67 and 129 to 199 of " First Annual Report of Maryland Shell Fish Commission." 



i6 Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 

matters as afifect the growth of oysters. In this work the oyster investigation stations 
are located and buoyed by the hydrographic party while engaged in the survey of the 
oyster-shell limits. They are selected with the view of obtaining characteristic data 
which can be used for the interpretation of the recorded vibrations of the chain 
apparatus at all other points covered by the survey. 

The actual surveying operations and oyster investigations having been completed 
for any one county, there still remains technical work of nearly equal magnitude to 
that described." This work consists of the preparation of charts and technical descrip- 
tions of boundaries and landmarks for record and publication by the Government, 
the manufacture and planting of the "State buoys" at all corners of the oyster-bar 
boundaries, the preparation of that part of the annual report of the Commission cover- 
ing the oyster investigations, the making of the leasing charts and finished projections, 
and finally the survey and record of the boundaries of oyster lots leased from the State 
by private individuals for the purposes of oyster culture. 

From the foregoing account it can be seen that a complete oyster survey properly 
conducted so as to answer all practical requirements of the present and permanency of 
results for the future is a very complicated affair, involving many lines of surveying 
and other scientific work, and requiring the professional services of experts in the various 
operations of cartographic surveying and shell-fish investigations. 

REPORT OF THE WORK OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY. 

INSTRUCTIONS. 

The two following letters, together with the laws ^ of the United States relating 
to the subject, constitute the "instructions" received by the chief of the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey party engaged on work in connection with the Maryland Shell Fish 
Commission. They are short and definite, but furnish ample authority and leeway for 
all legitimate development of the cooperation of the Government and the State in the 
sur\'ey of oyster bars. The "free hand" permitted by these orders, together with the 
aid and many valuable suggestions received from the officers of the Survey at Washington, 
has proved very beneficial to the work, and is greatly appreciated. 

Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Office op the Secretary, 

Washington, June 2, 1906. 
Sir: In reply to your letter of May 28, requesting me to designate officers of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries to cooperate with the State of Maryland in making survey of 
and locating the natural oyster beds, I have the honor to inform you that Mr. C. C. Yates will be desig- 
nated to cooperate on the part of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as soon as Congress makes the provisions 
of the act effective by providing an appropriation for the purpose. 
Respectfully, 

Lawrence O. Murray, Assistant Secretary. 
His excellency Hon. Edwin WarfiEld, 

Governor of Maryland, Annapolis, Md. 



" No mention is made here of the large amount of administrative work of the Commission, which 
is greatly complicated and increased by the economic and political effect of the oyster-survey opera- 
tions on many thousands of people whose interests are more or less involved- 

f> For these laws see Appendbc A. 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset County, Md. 17 

Department of Commerce and Labor, 

Coast and Geodetic Stjrvey, 

Washinglon, July j, igo6. 
Sir: Upon the receipt of these instructions you will surrender the command, accounts, etc., of the 
steamer Endeavor to the Hydrographic Inspector. * * * 

As soon as this transfer is completed you will enter upon the duties of Coast Survey rejjresentalive 
on the Shell Fish Commission of Maryland. 

You will consult the commissioners, prepare a [irogramme of work, and submit estimates in the 
usual form. 

You arc authorized to come lo Wasliitigton for consultation from time to time as may be necessary. 
******* 
Very respectfully, 
~ O. H. TiTTMANN, Suj>criniendcn.t. 

Capt. C. C. Yates, . 

U . S. C. and G. S. Steamer Endeavor, Halttmore, Md. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The organization of the party has remained practically unchanged and consists of 
the chief and the necessary triangiilators, computers, and draftsinen. 

EQUIPMENT. 

The equipment for the work of the party has been ample and satisfactory. The 
large living and office quarters furnished the Government on the Maryland Shell Fish 
Coinmission house boat Oyster have been very convenient for the work, besides facili- 
tating efficient cooperation with the surveying and oyster investigation parties of the 
State. Ill addition to the accommodations on the Oyster the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey party has had the constant use of the large steam launch Inspector and several 
other boats furnished by their own Service, and the occasional use of the Bureau of 
Fisheries launch Canvasback" and the steamer Governor McLane^ of the State fishery 
force. 

The greater part of the equipment of instruments for the operations of botii the 
Government and State have been furnished by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and 
consist of all necessary theodolites, levels, sextants, drafting instruments, hydrometers, 
etc., required for all field and office work. 

CHRONOLOGICAL ST.-^TEMENT OF WORK."" 

On June 20, 1907, the "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars" and report'' of "Survey 
of Oyster Bars" for Anne Arundel County were issued and filed, and the survey records 
and reports for that county have been filed in the archives of the Survey at Washington. 

In addition to this work, a Coast and Geodetic Survey signal-building party was 
engaged in the erection of triangulation signals in Somerset County from May 2 to 
June 25 in cooperation with a signal-building party of the Shell Fish Commission. 



" By courtesy of Dr. H. F. Moore, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 
* By courtesy of Capt. James A. Turner, commanding. 

''The field and office work relating to Somerset County is so internii.Ked with thai of \\ic( 
County that this statement includes part of the work of the latter county. 

<^ See this report for an account of the work from July 3, 1906, to June 20, 1907. 

50095 — 08- 3 



i8 Survev of Ovstcr Bars, Soincrsr/ County, Md. 

From June 25 to November 6, when the field work in Somerset and Wicomico 
counties was practically completed, the usual routine of field and office work was followed 
without material interruption except that resulting from the moving of the house boat 
Oyster from Crisfield to Manokin River on July 13, then to Piney Island on August 27, 
and to Wicomico River, on August 30, where she remained until her removal to Nanti- 
coke River on September 30. 

From this latter date the work in Wicomico County predominated, and when the 
field surveys were practically completed on November 6 the entire party left by rail for 
Worcester County, it. being impracticable to move the house boat to the waters of that 
locality. 

At the close of the survey work in Worcester County in the last part of Decembei", 
office work relating to Somerset and Wicomico counties was actively commenced at 
Baltimore" and was continued without material interruption until March 23, 1908, 
when a subparty went to Worcester and Somerset counties to finish some details of field 
work in those sections required for the preparation of the technical reports and oyster 
charts. 

The very large amount of work of coininitation and drafting necessary to make the 
results of the survey of the previous season available for publication was nearly com- 
pleted on May 2, when it was transferred to the Government quarters on the house boat 
Oyster, which left Baltimore on the same day with the party and outfit for her anchorage 
off Solomons Island, in the Patuxent River. 

The active field work in Calvert County dates from May 2, but from that time until 
the filing of this report and the oyster charts of Somerset County the chief of party, in 
addition to his regular field duties, was frequently at Baltimore and Washington to look 
after their final preparation for publication. 

STATISTICS. '■ 

Landmarks and triangulation signals erected 60 

Monuments planted to mark triangulation stations 61 

Triangulation stations occupied for observations of horizontal angles 66 

Old triangulation stations recovered 24 

New triangulation stations established 62 

Total old and new triangulation stations marked and described 86 

Linear miles of shore line covered by triangulation (approximate) 125 

Square miles covered by triangulation (approximate) 375 

Hydrographic projections prepared and completed as records of oyster, cral), and clam bound- 
aries 13 

Triangles computed 209 

Geographic positions computed 76 

o Oflfice rooms were furnished for the work of the Government party in the "old court-house" and 
afterwards in the new custom-house by courtesy of Hon. William F. Stone, collector of customs. 

b These statistics only include field and office work directly performed by the party of the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey in connection with the oyster survey of Somerset County, and do not include the 
many thousands of soundings and examinations of the character of the bottom made by the engineers 
of the Commission, which are of considerable value to the Coast and Geodetic Survey as hydrographic 
records for future use in connection with the preparation of new editions of charts of the waters of 
Maryland. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset Couuty, Aid. 19 

Corners of oyster, crab, and clam boundaries established by computation 506 

Back azimuths and distances computed from corners of boundaries to triangulation stations i, 518 

Descriptions of triangulation stations prepared for publication 86 

Descriptions of oyster, crab, and clam boundaries prepared for publication 94 

Total typewritten pages of manuscript prepared for publication of report 264 

"Charts of Natural Oyster Bars" prepared for publication 6 

Progress map prepared for publication i 

GENERAL STATEMENT. 

The results obtained from the work of the Coast and Geodetic vSurvey in vSonierset 
County in cooperation with the Bureau of Fisheries and the Maryland Shell Fish Com- 
mission need no other summary than is indicated by the published "Charts of Natural 
Oyster Bars" and the scheme of hydrographic projections and triangulation stations 
shown on the progress map at the beginning of this report. 

The triangulation has been carried on in accordance with the standard methods of 
the Coast and Geodetic Survey, making this work and that of the "Descriptions of 
Triangulation Stations" of permanent value, not only to the State of Maryland in the 
survey of her oyster bars, but also to the Government for any future work it may do 
in the regions covered by the oyster survey operations. 

The hydrographic projections and published charts were prepared with all the 
accuracy permitted by their large scale, especially as to the boundaries of the various 
shell-tish bottoms in relation to landmarks, but this accuracy of location on the charts 
is further added to by published technical descriptions which should minimize the proba- 
bility of any future dispute as to either landmarks or boundaries. 

Stated another way and quoting from the report of the "Survey of Oyster Bars of 
Anne Arundel County:" 

The geographic positions of the permanent landmarks and signals have been determined with the 
usual precision of a trigonometric survey, and their locations at all points necessary to provide ample 
foundation for the surveying and charting operations permitted great accuracy of definition and location 
for the natural oyster bar and other boundaries established. At the same time, the very important 
element of permanency of the positions of boundaries has been secured, as the relocation of geodetic 
positions can always be accomplished by a competent surveyor, even though the original landmarks 
and monuments have been washed away, as has been the fate of hundreds of such points established 
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay during the last sixty-five years. 

In fact, when the survey of the oyster bars of Maryland is completed, it is believed 
that it will stand the test of time and practical use as a working foundation for whatever 
form the oyster legislation of the future may assume; and that the doing of the work 
systematically and accurately, once for all, not only means a better foundation of a 
great oyster industry by irradicably locating the natural oyster bars for the use of the 
public, but also a better and more permanent superstructure of oyster culture for the 
individual by the reason of the integrity of the foundation on which it stands. 

Before ending this report the representative of the Coast and Geodetic Survey 
wishes to renew his statement of appreciation of the courteous assistance received from 
various Government and State officials and others interested in the oyster industry of 
Maryland, especially to the following: 

To his colleague from the Department of Commerce and Labor, Dr. H. F. Moore 
of the Bureau of Fisheries, whose efficient cooperation, well-known experience, and 
scientific knowledge of all matters relating to oysters have been of great value to the work. 



20 Survey of Ovster Bars^ Somerset Comity ., Md. 

To Mr. Walter J. Mitchell, chairman of the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, who, 
by his administrative ability in carrying out the complicated requirements of the oyster 
laws and by his unfailing tact, has made the cooperation of the various services engaged 
on the work both agreeable and effective. 

To Dr. Caswell Grave, secretary of the Commission, who, as editor of the Com- 
mission's annual report and commissioner in charge of the biological and economic 
oyster investigations, has been brought into constant contact with the Government 
work and aided its operations in every way. 

To Benjamin K. Green, treasurer of the Commission, who has looked after the 
equipment and commissary of the house boat in such a way as to add greatly to the 
comfort' and convenience of the party of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

To Swepson Earle, hydrographic engineer to the Commission, whose knowledge of 
the work from former service in the Coast and Geodetic Survey has greatly facilitated 
his practical use of the technical data furnished by the Government. 

To Thomas H. Robinson, counsel to the Commission, for courteously furnishing 
valuable information relating to county boundaries. 

And to the many others connected with the Commission or who as residents in the 
locality where the work was being carried on have greatly assisted by furnishing 
important information or willing ser\ices. 

CHARTS AND MAPS. 

CHARTS OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 

The charts" of the natural oyster bars of "Somerset County and Adjacent Waters," 
published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey from results of surveys of the Government 
in cooperation with the Marj'land Shell Fish Commission, consist of a series of five 
sheets covering the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay from Hooper Strait to the Maryland- 
Virginia boundary, including Tangier and Pocomoke sounds and numerous other 
tributaries. They are published on a scale of i part in 20,000 (approximately 3^6 inches 
to a statute mile) and are constructed on polyconic projections and based on the United 
States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

These charts show all oyster bars, crab bottoms, clam beds, and other boundaries 
established bv the Commission, and are certified for the purpose of filing in the office of 
the clerk of the circuit court of Somerset County and in the office of the Commission at 
Annapolis, as required by the oyster laws of Maryland. 

In addition to the oyster-bar and other boundaries, the charts show the location 
and name of all landmarks (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Surv^ey triangulation stations) 
used in making the survey, together with the hydrography^ and topography ^ necessary 
to make the technical definitions and delineations of boundaries readilv understandable 



« These charts can be obtained by application to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, at Washington, D. C. 

6 Much of the details of the inshore topography was obtained from the excellent map of Somerset 
County prepared and published by the Maryland Geological Survey under the direction of Dr. William 
Bullock Clark frtmi surveys of the Maryland Geological Survey in cooperation with the U. S. Geological 
Survey. 



Sufvey of Oyster Bars, Somerset Comity, Md. 21 

both by the people engaged in the oyster industry and the general public who may 
become interested through leasing of barren bottoms for oyster culture. 

The names of the "oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds .are those used locally, 
as nearly as could be ascertained by the hydrographic engineer of the Commission. 
When there was no local name in common use, as was generally the case with the crab 
bottoms, a name was selected from one of the prominent features of the vicinity. By 
the use of recognized names or those that would naturally suggest certain sections of 
water, it is believed that much confusion will be avoided in the location on the charts 
of the oyster bars and crab bottoms, especially by those not familiar with the use of 
maps. 

The corners of the oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds are numbered from i 
to the total number of corners in each area under consideration. Where boundaries 
adjoin, making one point a corner of two or more oyster bars, crab bottoms, or clam 
beds, as the case may- be, these points have two or more numbers, each number corre- 
sponding to the bar, bottom, or bed in which the figure is located. The numbers of 
the corners correspond with the technical and legal descriptions of this publication 
under the headings of "Boundaries of natural oyster bars," "Boundaries of crab 
bottoms," and "Boundaries of clam beds." 

The landmarks, oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds have been grouped in 
the "Contents" of this publication in accordance with the charts upon which they are 
shown. To find a particular bar, bottom, bed, or landmark which is only known by 
name, consult the "Contents" and the desired chart and general location will be indi- 
cated. To find the name of a bar, bottom, bed, or landmark which is onlv known by 
location, consult the progress map at the beginning of this publication for the number 
of the chart on which it is to be found, and then examine the known locality on the 
chart for the name of the bar, bottom, bed, or landmark in question. 

The contours on the charts showing the depth of water at mean low tide have been 
taken from the hydrographic sheets of former work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 
Four curves were selected as being the most convenient for taking off from the original 
hydrographic sheets and the ones of greatest value to those interested in shell-fish 
industries. The i -fathom contour (6 feet) corresponds in a general way to the outer 
limits of the crab bottoms, while the waters outside of this cur\'e and inside the 5-fathom 
contour {30 feet) practically include all the oyster bars surv^eyed. The 3-fathom con- 
tour (i8 feet) furnishes the curve of about the average depth of water on the oyster 
bars and the lo-fathom contour (60 feet) ,ser\es in a general way to indicate the outer 
limits of probable oyster culture. 

The boundaries of the waters within the "territorial limits of the county" and the 
boundaries of the "waters contiguous to the county" opened up for the leasing with 
Somerset County are plainly indicated on the charts. A full technical description of 
these boundaries is given in this publication under the heading "Boundaries of county 
waters." 

The areas in acres of the oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds were determined 
under the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission by two independent 
planimeter measurements of the areas as delineated on the smooth projections of the 



22 Survey of Oyster Bars, Souiersef Couii/y, Aid. 

Coast and Geodetic Survej'. These areas are given in small figures in parentheses on 
the face of the chart and are usually located within the boundaries of the different areas. 
The symbols used on the charts for the different kinds of boundaries, triangulation 
stations, contours of depth of water, etc., require no other explanation than that given 
in the legend and other notes on the face of the charts. 

LEASING CHARTS. 

The leasing charts of Somerset County, like those for Anne Arundel County, have 
been prepared imder the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission. 
These charts are constructed on polyconic projections and based on the United States 
standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. They are made on the scales of 
I part in 5,000 or i part in 10,000, as the needs of oyster culture may require. Anne 
Arundel County required 13 leasing charts and Somerset County 12 to cover their oyster 
bottoms. 

These charts show all the oyster bars, crab bottoms, and clam beds and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, and also all boundaries of oyster lots leased 
for the purpose of oyster culture, thus making them comprehensive and valuable records 
of the results of the operations of the oyster-culture laws. 

The lots leased under the provision of the "old 5-acre law" are frequently of irregular 
shape, but the lots leased under the provision of the new oyster laws must be of rec- 
tangular shape by the terms of that act. For this latter purpose the leasing charts 
have been divided by parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude into small rec- 
tangles of I acre or 5 acres, as may be best suited to area under consideration, and 
prospective leaseholders by the rules of the Commission are compelled to select whole 
rectangles as far as practicable. 

. For reasons of the present changeable nature of the number of lots leased and the 
large number of charts required, the leasing charts are not likely to be published for 
some years, but they can be seen at any time on file at the offices of the Commission, 
in Annapolis. 

PROJECTIONS. 

The polyconic projections" covering Somerset County waters are 13 in number and 
on the scale of i part in 10,000. They were all constructed by draftsmen of the Coast 
and Geodetic Survey, who also plotted the sextant positions on the smooth projections 
which determine the location of the legal boundaries of the oyster bars, crab bottoms, 
or clam beds as delineated by the Shell Fish Commission. 

A copy of each of these projections, with all the plotted positions of triangulation 
stations, shore line, sextant positions, and boundaries of oyster bars, was made under 
the direction of the hydrographic engineer of the Commission by pricking through with 
a sharp needle the intersections of the projection lines and all other points as plotted on 
the original sheets. 

These projections (in duplicate) are the original records of all oyster bar and other 
boundaries established by the Commission, one set being filed in the archives of the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey, at Washington, and the other set in the office of the Shell 
Fish Commission at Annapolis. 



1 For the scheme of these projections see the progress map at the beginning of this publication. 



SiDvey of Oyster Bars^ Soii/oset County^ Md. 23 

PROGRESS MAPS. 

The progress map to be found at the beginning of this pubHcation is on a scale of 
I part in 100,000, and shows in outhne the work accompHshed by the U. S. Coast and 
Geodetic Survey in Somerset County and contiguous waters. It gives the scheme of all 
the charts and smooth projections constructed in connection with the survey, the 
location and names of all triangulation stations used as a basis for the surveying work, 
and the "boundaries of county waters" established by the Commission for the purpose 
of carrying out the laws of Maryland relating to oyster culture. 

Besides indicating the amount of work done by the Coast and Geodetic vSurvey 
in connection with the work of the Shell Fish Commission, this progress map will be of 
special value for index purposes to engineers and others searching for the particular 
chart or projection covering the locaHty of the oyster bars or landmarks that may. be 
under consideration. 

The progress map" accompanying the "First Annual Report of the Maryland 
Shell Fish Commission" was prepared under the direction of the hydrographic engineer 
of the Commission. It is on the scale of i part in 400,000 and shows the outline of the 
tide-water counties of Maryland, with shaded areas to indicate the waters already 
covered by the operations of the oyster survey of Maryland. 

BOUNDARIES OF COUNTY WATERS.* 

WATERS WITHIN TERRITORIAL LIMITS OF COUNTY. 

The law-s of Maryland relating to oyster culture provide that "no person shall be 
permitted, by lease, assignment, or in any other manner, to acquire a greater amount 
of land than ten acres situated within the territorial limits of any of the counties, or 
one hundred acres in any other place." 

The boundary line "^ between the waters "within the territorial limits" of Somerset 
County and the waters in "any other place," as established by the Shell Fish Com- 
mission for the purpose of carrying out the oyster laws, and delineated on the charts 
and the smooth projections of the Coast and Geodetic Sun-ey, is technically described 
and defined as follows : 

Commencing at a point defined by the intersection of the channels of Wicomico Creek and Wicomico 
River; thence with the channel of Wicomico River along the boundary line as laid down on Chart No. 5 
of the "Natural Oyster Bars" of Maryland, published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, to a point 
defined by the intersection of the channel of Nanticoke River with Wicomico River; thence in a straight 
line to a point defined by (i latitude 38° n' 50 "3, and longitude 75° 58' 20."8, situated in upper end of 

a This map and report can be obtained by application to Maryland Shell Fish Commission, at 
Annapolis, Md. 

* For a complete historical and legal description of the boundaries of the counties of Maryland, 
the valuable publication entitled "The Counties of Maryland — Their Origin, Boundaries, and Election 
Districts," prepared by Dr. Edward B. Mathews and published by the Maryland Geological Survey 
under the direction of Dr. William Bullock Clark, Superintendent, should be consulted, as the boundaries 
described in this publication have been established and technically defined for the purpose of carrying 
out the oyster laws of the State, and may or may not be correct for other purposes. 

cSee "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars," published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the 
progress map at the beginning of this publication. 

<* Latitudes and longitudes based on the United States standard datum of the U. S. Coast and 
Geodetic Survey. 



24 Survey of Oyster Bais, Somerset Co/t/i/y, Md. 

Tangier Sound, about yk mile " east-southeast of Sharkfin Shoal Light, i% miles south of western ex- 
tremity of Clay Island, and i^i miles west-northwest of Halls Point; thence in a straight line along the 
channel of Tangier Sound to a point defined by latitude 38° 10' 08. "i, and longitude 75° 58' 40."6, situated 
about 21^8 miles south by east of Sharkfin Shoal Light and I's miles west of upper land end of Deal 
Island; thence in a straight line across Tangier Sound to a point defined by latitude 38° 08' 50. "6, 
and longitude 76° 01' 53"4, situated on a point of land on the southeastern extremity of Blood worth Island, 
which is the north point of the Tangier Sound entrance to Holland Straits; thence in a straight line 
across Holland Straits to a point defined by latitude 38° 06' 39. "g, and longitude 76° 03' I7."8, situated on 
northw^est extremity of a small island shghtly detached from South Marsh and on north side of Holland 
Straits entrance to Pry Cove; thence in a straight line to a point defined by latitude 38° 05' 44."!, and longi- 
tude 76° 03' 44. "6, situated on Pry Island, which is located on south side of Holland Straits entrance 
to Pry Cove; thence in a straight line to the open waters of the Chesapeake Bay at point defined by 
latitude 38° 04' 40."8, and longitude 76° 04' I4."8, situated at junction of Holland and Kedge straits; thence 
in a straight line along the dividing waters of Chesapeake Bay and Kedge Straits to a point defined 
by latitude 38° 02' 07. "o, and longitude 76° 02' 34. "o, situated on the northwest side of Fog Point, which 
is the south point of the Chesapeake Bay entrance to Kedge Straits; thence along the mean low water 
line of the Chesapeake Bay shore of Smith Island across the mouth of all inlets less than 100 yards 
in width to a point defined by latitude 38° 00' 3i."o, and longitude 76° 03' 08. "9, situated on a point at 
the extreme northwest entrance to Smith Island Thoroughfare; thence in a straight line across the 
Chesapeake Bay entrance of Smith Island Thoroughfare and Goose Harbor Cove to a point defined 
bv latitude 37°59'30."o, and longitude 76°03'o9."6, situated on a point at the extreme southwest entrance 
to Goose Harbor Cove; thence along the mean low water line of Chesapeake Bay shore of Smith Island 
across the mouth of all inlets less than 100 yards in width to the intersection of the mean low water 
line and the Maryland-Virginia boundary line; thence in a straight line with the Maryland- Virginia 
boundary across Smith Island and the waters of Smith Gut, Shanks Creek, and Tylers Creek to a 
point at a comer of the boundary near the Tangier Sound shore of Smith Island situated on land known 
locally as Horse Hummock; thence in a straight line with the Maryland-Virginia boundary to point at 
a corner of the boundary in the middle of Tangier Sound, situated about \y% miles southwest by west 
of James Island Light, 2'^' miles east by south of Horse Hummock, and 3X miles northwest of House 
Island; thence in a straight line with the Maryland-Virginia boundary to a point at a corner of the 
boundary in the middle of Tangier Sound, situated about 4>i miles southwest by south of James Island 
Light, 3>i miles southeast by east of Horse Hummock, and 2''i, miles west of House Island; thence in a 
straight line with the Maryland-\'irginia boundary across House Island to a corner of the boundary 
situated in the water between Watkins Point and Green Harbor Island; thence in a straight line with 
the Maryland-Virginia boundary to a corner of the boundary situated in the middle of Pocoraoke 
Sound about 4' 2 miles east of Watkins Point and 2'^ miles south of Watkins Island oft" entrance to Apes 
Hole Creek; thence in a straight line with the Maryland-Virginia boundary to a comer of the boundary 
situated in the middle of Pocomoke Sound about 2 '2 miles northwest by west of Saxis Church, 2 '-^ miles 
east by south of Watkins Island off entrance to Apes Hole, and 2 miles southwest of extreme end of 
point between East and Marumsco creeks; thence with the Maryland-Virginia boundary as laid down 
on "Charts of Natural Oyster Bars" No. 10 along the middle of Pocomoke Sound and Pocomoke 
River as far as oysters grow. 

WATERS CONTIGUOUS TO COUNTY. 

The oyster laws of Maryland provide that a true and accurate delineation of all 
natural oyster bars shall be made on copies of charts of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic 
Sur\'ey, "which said copies shall be filed in the office of the said Commissioners in the 
city of Annapolis," and "in the office of the clerks of the circuit courts for the respec- 
tive counties wherein the grounds so designated may lie." 

For the purpose of carrying out the latter part of this section of the law and for 
the purpose of establishing the limits of the oyster-culture area to be opened up for the 

« Statute miles. 



Siin'cy of Ovslrr Inns, Soii/frse/ Conii/y^ Md. 25 

leasing with Somerset County, a boundary line between the waters contiguous to but 
not within the territorial Hmils of Somerset County and the waters contiguous to but 
not within the territorial limits of adjacent counties has been established by the Shell 
Fish Commission. This boundary line" has been delineated on the "Charts of Natural 
Oyster Bars," published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and is technically described 
and defined as follows : 

Commencing at a point defined Ijy latitude 38° 04' 40". 8, and longitude 76° 04' 14". 8, situated on line 
of territorial limits of county at junction of Holland and Kedge straits; thence in a straight line across 
waters of Chesapeake Bay to Holland Island Bar Light, the location of which is defined by latitude 
38° 04' 07".3, and longitude 76° 05' 45". 9; thence in a straight line across waters of Chesapeake Bay to a 
point defined by latitude 38° 04' 34". 8, and longitude 76° i2'oi".o, situated near the middle of Chesapeake 
Bay, on northwestern end of a shoal marked by a red buoy of the U. S. Light-House Establishment 
situated about 5S-8 miles west by north of Holland Island Bar Light, 7>i miles east by north of Point 
Lookout Light, and I3>^ miles north of Smith Point Light; thence in a straight line with the waters of 
Chesapeake Bay to a point on Smith Point defined by the corner of the Maryland-Virginia boundary 
at the intersection of the straight line boundary across Chesapeake Bay and the low-water line of the 
soutliern shore of Potomac River; thence with the Maryland-Virginia boundary in a straight line across 
Chesapeake Bay to the point defined by the intersection of the boundary with the mean low-water 
line of the Chesapeake Bay shore of Smith Islcmd; thence with territorial limits of county along the 
Chesapeake Bay shore of Smith Island and waters of entrance to Kedge Straits to point of licginning. 

LANDMARKS (U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY TRIANGULATION 

STATIONS). 

EXPL.\NATlON OF DESCRIPTIONS OF LANDMARKS. 

The oyster laws of Maryland authorizing the surveys to be iriade by the Shell Fish 
Commission provide for "an accurate report of said survey, setting forth such a descrip- 
tion of landmarks as may be necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to 
find and ascertain the boundary lines of said natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, as 
shown by delineation on the maps and charts." The law of the United vStates author- 
izing the cooperation of the Department of Commerce and Labor in the survey of 
natural oyster bars of Maryland provides for the erection of "such structures as may be 
necessary to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such 
future work of the Coast and Geodetic Sur\'ey as the said Bureau may be hereafter 
required to perform in prosecuting the Government coast surv^ey of the navigable waters 
of the United States located within the State of Maryland." 

Under the provisions of the sections of the laws stated above, the markings and 
descriptions of landmarks must be sufficient for the present and future needs of both 
the Government and the State. With this end in view, considerable work has been 
expended in erecting permanent monuments at the triangulation stations and in the 
proper description of their location. 

An efifort has been made to arrange the descriptions of locations of landmarks in a 
uniform and logical manner. The descriptions start with the assumption that the 
individual seeking to find a landmark has only an indefinite idea of its location. 



" See progress map at the end of this publication 
50095—8 4 



26 Snrvev oj Oys/fj- Bars, Soiiirrsc/ Coiiii/y, Md. 

They then gradually proceed from general descriptions of the surroundings of a land- 
mark to the specific details of the character of the center and reference markings. An 
examinatioTi of the descriptions themselves will best indicate the method followed. 

The heading of each description is the name by which the landmark or triangulation 
station is known and designated in all work and records of the Government and State. 

Under the heading of "Locality" the first paragraph gives a description of the 
general locality of the landmark and the serial number of the published "Chart of 
Oyster Bars" of Maryland which best shows its location. The published charts are on 
the large scale of i part in 20,000, and show the location of the triangulation stations 
so clearly that in many cases the written descriptions will not be required to find them. 

Under the same heading of "Locality" the second paragraph furnishes the descrip- 
tion of the immediate locality of the landmark and refers to the bearing and distance 
of standard cement monument marking the reference station, as it is the first object 
that is likely to catch the eye when the immediate vicinity of the desired station is 
reached. 

Under the heading of "Marks" a description is given of the character of the mark- 
ings of the "observed station " and the reference station. It will be noted that, although 
the "observed station" is the one "occupied" and "observed on" for horizontal angles, 
and also the one whose geographic position is computed, frequently it is not marked 
as well as the reference station, and in many instances has only a pine stub to indicate 
its position. This is the case for the reason that the necessity of intervisibility of land- 
marks usually made it compulsory to locate these stations on edges of banks and ends 
of points of land, which in Chesapeake Bay and tributaries generally means that they 
will be washed away in a short period of years. The past experience of the Coast and 
Geodetic vSurvey in this region has shown the necessity of reference marks, if the frequent 
reestablishment of a new framework of triangulation is to be avoided. 

All the marks designated in the descriptions as "the center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument " are exactly alike. These monuments are made of cement, 
sand, and gravel, and are 2 feet long and 8 inches square at top and bottom. Their 
tops are all marked with the same brass mold and show a center hole surrounded by a 
triangle, with the letters "M. S. F. C." arranged around the vertex and the letters 
"U. S. C. S." underneath the base of the triangle. The center hole is always in the 
center of the top of the monument by construction, and if this is found to have been 
broken off without disturbing the bottom, the center of its square section can be used 
as the location of the station. 

All the "standard cement monuments," whether used for marking the "observed 
station" or "reference station," have been planted upright in exactly the same manner, 
with their tops projecting 3 or 4 inches above the surface of the ground. 

Therefore, as the above facts in reference to the "standard cement monuments" 
are a constant clement in all cases, the repetition of these facts in the description of 
stations is made needless by this one statement. 

It is the expectation that the reference stations," the character of which is explained 
above, will be used in many cases in the near future in the place of the "observed sta- 



« To obtain the geographic positions of any of the "observed stations" or of the "reference sta- 
tions," application should be made to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey at Wash- 
ington, D. C. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Aid. 27 

tions." This has been made possible by the careful measurements of direction and 
distance of these stations from the "observed station," which are recorded under the 
heading of "References." 

Under the heading of "References" are given the directions and distances of all 
objects that might be useful in locating the stations when the surface marks can not be 
found. It is also contemplated that for general purposes of topography, hydrography, 
or location of boundaries of oyster bars these references will be sufficient in many cases 
to relocate the position of an "observed station" or reference station when both of 
them have been destroyed. 

The first reference object given in the descriptions is always a triangulation station 
visible from the station being described. Its direction is taken as being 0° 00' 00", 
and the direction of all other objects are measured from it as an initial point, the angles 
being taken in a clockwise direction (left to right). 

The true bearing " of the initial object is always given in parenthesis alongside the 
name. This furnishes means for the calculation of the bearings of any of the other 
reference objects for the purposes of locating a station by compass bearings or for the 
relocation of comer buoys of oyster-bar boundaries b}' the method of horizontal angles 
described in this publication under the heading of "Boundaries of oyster bars." 

The distances in the last column under "References" are given in three different 
units, which vary according to their accuracy. The "miles" are statute miles and may 
be considered only as rough estimates. The "yards" are more accurate, but must be 
looked on as results generally obtained by pacing or careful estimating. The "meters," 
however, are accurate to the degree indicated by their decimals and in every case have 
been measured with a steel tape. In the same manner the accuracy of the directidns 
are indicated by the refinement of direction with which they are recorded. 

DESCRIPTIONS OF TRIANGULATION ST.WIONS. 
SEN.\TOR. 

Locality. — Western shore of Tangier Sound, on southern side of Holland Straits and (jn extreme 
northeast point of South Marsh. (See Charts Nos. 5, 6, and 7.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 35 yards from" north side and about 30 yards from east 
side of point. Myrtle bushes skirt shore, commencing due north, and two small pools of water are 
near station, one due .south about 10 yards and the other southwest about ,s yards. No permanent 
reference points near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rcjurcnces. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (N 16° 20' E) 00 00 00 4;^' miles. 

Chimney on house to right of "Haines" 31 30 __ 4^^ miles. 

Left-hand chimney of crab house on Deal 

Island 50 19 __ 3 J2 miles. 

Right end of large oyster house on Deal 

Island 81 59 ._ 3^2 miles. 

Lone pine tree 301 ^5 -- ijs miles. 

« The mean magnetic variation for Somerset County for 1908 was 5° 30' west of north and increas- 
ing at the rate of 3' yearly. 



28 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Aid. 



CRAB. 

Locality. — Upper end and western shore of Tangier Sound on eastern side of Bloodsworth Island 
about 25s miles southeast of Sharklin Shoal Light House and about halfway between Piney Island 
Cove to north and Great Cove to south. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is about 15 yards from high- water mark to the northeast and about 35 yards 
from the shore to the east. A small flat-roof crab house stands about 80 yards to the north-northeast 
and another crab house about twice the distance in the same direction. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References — o 1 n 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (N 45° 25' E) 00 00 00 2 J s miles. 

Left end of large white house near Stump 

Point 6 II .. 7 yi miles. 

End of roof of white house on blufT 31 36 -_ 6^ miles. 

End of Deal Island wharf 53 03 ._ 3 J^ miles. 

Large white house near red roof one 72 35 4X miles. 

Aspen tree near "Joshua" 88 06 -- similes. 

Tall pine tree 165 00 40 1^2 miles. 

Near end of flat-roof shanty 288 32 _. 80 yards. 

Flag pole on Brown's crab house 299 01 -- 150 yards. 

SHARKFIN SHOAL LIGHT. 

Locality. — Northern end of Tangier Sound about equally distant from entrances of Hooper Strait, 
Fishing Bay, and Nanticoke River. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of black lantern on liexagonal screw pile known as 
"Sharkfin Shoal Light." 

References. — ° ' " 

"Great Shoals Light" (N 81° 45' E) 00 00 00 5 J^ miles. 

HEAD. 



Locality. — LIpperend of Tangier Sound, on southern part of peninsula known as " Bishops Head," 
situated between Hooper Strait and Fishing Bay. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on eastern side marsh land about '4 mile north of e.Ktrerae southerly end of 
Bishops Head and about 15 yards east of two crab houses. It is about is yards southwest of high- 
water mark, behind water bushes which skirt the shore. Cement niomnnent marking reference station 
is 13.41 meters west from observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stul) llush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

Rejerenccs. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (S 60° 41' E) .00 

Crab-house flagstaff 50 

Large pine 97 

Reference station 139 

Near gable of 2^-story white house 140 

Chimney on white house 156 

Left side of crab house 166 

Right side of crab house 199 

Chimney on yellow house 208 

Chimney on end of white house 238 

Right side of Nanticoke Point woods 326 



00 00 2^ miles. 

30 ^_ 3X miles. 

42 .. 2 miles. 

55 40 13.41 meters. 

24 .. X mile. 

44 . . ' ^ mile. 

38 ._ 17.31 meters. 

54 _- 16. II meters. 

28 .. I >i miles. 

53 .. 3 miles. 

56 __ 7/-^ miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset County^ Md. 



29 



FROG. 



00 3>^ miles. 

I '4 miles. 



i.S 



Locality. — West shore of mouth of Nanticoke River, on the southeasterly point of Clay Island, 
known as "Frog Point." (See Chart No. 5.) 

Obsen^ed station is on a marsh point about 25 yards back from extreme end of point, 20 yards 
from the east side and 25 yards from the west side. Water bushes abound back of station. There are 
no permanent reference objects near station. Cement monument marking reference station is 13.10 
meters north of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in stulj tlush with ground. Reference statiim is center point of 
triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (841° 25' W) 00 

Left tangent of Clay Island 35 

Reference station 141 

Right tangent of Sandy Point 177 

Chimney on white house with black roof-- 179 
Chimney on near end of large red-roof 

white house 183 

Stack on canning house 184 

Land end of Nanticoke wharf 184 

End of Nanticoke wharf house 186 

Chimney on ell end of main part of large 

red-roof white house 211 

Right tangent of Nanticoke Point woods. 238 
Large square chimney on white house 

(Dames Quarter) 264 

Rock Creek poplar tree 284 

Flagstaff on Deal Island wharf 322 



o meters. 
f^ mile. 
lyi miles. 

2% miles. 
2}4 miles. 
2 14 miles. 
zti' miles. 



27 



2,54 miles. 

44 -. 2^ miles. 

17 -- 4 miles. 

17 -- 3K miles. 

09 -- 4K miles. 



COW. 



mile east of entrance to Cow 



Locality. — Western shore Nanticoke River on Mink Point about 
Creek. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a very soft marsh point at the outer edge of water bushes about 5 yards 
back from the shore to the east, 15 yards from extreme end of point to the southeast, and 15 yards 
from the shore to the southwest. No permanent reference objects near station. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 8.68 meters northwest of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stub flush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

Rejerences. — ° 

"Frog" (S 6° 13' W) 00 

A shanty 37 

Reference station 129 

White shanty 189 

A shanty 209 

Tangent of land 217 

Large red roof greenhouse 236 

Windmill 243 

Gambrel of house 244 

Chimney of large greenhouse 254 

Canning house stack 257 

Canning house stack 275 

Near corner of Nanticoke wharf 284 

Large red roof white house 297 

Large red roof white house 299 

Right tangent of Nanticoke woods 310 

Left tangent of Sandy Point 341 



00 2 miles. 

. . K mile. 

20 8. 68 meters. 

I mile. 

-- % mile. 

-_ yi mile. 

48 .- 2>^ miles. 

52 .- 2|<4 miles. 

13 .. 2>2 miles. 

24 -_ 2yi miles. 

28 _- iH miles. 

26 .- iK miles. 

49 -_ lyi miles. 

32 .. 2X miles. 

24 .. 2}4 miles. 

15 .. 3 nules. 

48 -- ' lyi miles. 



30 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 



NANTICOKE CHURCH. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Nanticoke River in town of Nanticoke, about % mile back from river 
and ^ mile northeast of Roaring Point. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of spire of church known as " Nanticoke Methodist 
Episcopal Church." 

References. — None necessary. 

ROAR. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Nanticoke River on point of land known as Roaring Point, and about 
yi mile north from outer end of Roaring Point wharf. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is 30 yards to the east of the extreme end of the point and on a sandy knoll about 
5 feet above high-water mark. It is about 20 yards back from high-water mark on the north side and 
about 40 yards back from high-water mark on south side of the point. Pine woods stand about 150 
yards inshore from station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Frog" (S 39° 02' W) 00 

Two shanties 19 

One shanty 30 

A shanty 1 71 

White shanty 98 

Barn steeple 117 

White shanty behind "Okay" 121 

Red roof house 144 

Twin trees on Ragged Point 159 

Chimney on white house 175 

Windmill 184 

Gambrel roof house 184 

White canning house stack 195 

Land end of wharf- 271 

Large house 293 

Right tangent of Nanticoke Point woods 297 

Right tangent of Nanticoke wharf 304 

Left tangent of Sandy Point 359 



00 00 2)2 niiles. 

17 _. 2 miles. 

20 .. i^ miles. 

32 __ iX miles. 

53 1%" miles. 

41 ._ ._ 4j/^ miles. 

25 .. 2}^ miles. 

42 _. yj4 miles. 

30 ._ 2 miles. 

23 -- iX miles. 

04 -- I mile. 

32 .- I mile. 

II .. yi mile. 

58 Xmile. 

38 ._ i>^ miles. 

22 _- 2X miles. 

52 .. }4 mile. 

51 -- i^ miles. 



NANTI. 

Locality. — Eastern side of entrance to Nanticoke River about ' i' mile northwest of Nanticoke Point. 
(See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on grassy land about 2 feet above and 20 yards back from high-water mark. 
It is about midway between edge of woods on Nanticoke Point and unpainted house near poplars X 
mile to the north. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References.— ° 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (S 65° 14' W) 00 

Tangent of Sandy Point 51 

Left end of Nanticoke wharf 89 

Near chimney of red roof house 96 

Chimney of unpainted house loi 

Near chimney of house nearest woods 116 

Tree high above woods«_ . 119 

Right end of heavy woods 134 

Right end of scant woods 147 



GO 00 5 miles. 

33 .. 2X miles. 

45 .. 2 miles. 

51 -- ^ mile. 

08 .. ^ mile. 

56 .. X mile. 

53 .. 2K miles. 

03 -- iJ4 miles. 

II _. J^ mile. 



Survey of Oyster fieirs, Somerset Cotiiit\\ Md. 



31 



Wild cherry tree 178 

Left end of woods 227 

Right end of woods 269 

Poplar tree Dames Quarter 307 

Tangent of Haines Pdint 330 

WHITE. 



24 -_ 50 yards. 

46 .. J4 mile. 

45 -_ X mile. 

28 .. 2j< miles. 

55 4K miles. 



Locality. — Eastern shore of entrance to Nanticoke River on western part of Nanticoke Point. 
(See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a sand and grass point about 2 feet above high-water mark, 3 yards trom 
the west side, 15 yards from the south end, and 20 yards from southeast side. Dense pine woods stand 
about 100 yards to the northwest, open marsh to the northeast, and a clump of about a dozen pine 
trees in marsh about ^ mile to the northeast. There is a cove about 40 yards east of the station and 
another point of land about 100 yards to the southeast. Cement monument marking reference station 
is 16.63 meters north of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stub about 6 inches below surface of ground. Refer- 
ence station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Great Shoals Light " (S 44°i6' E) 00 00 00 i^ miles. 

Poplar tree at Dames Quarter 6s 08 _. 2/2 miles. 

Tangent of Hall Point 86 06 __ 3^ miles. 

Tangent of Sandy Point- 164 17 ._ 3 miles. 

Left end of pine woods 172 27 .. _: 100 yards. 

Right end of pine woods 213 21 __ 150 yards. 

Reference STATION L 227 29 00 16.63 meters. 

Largest tree in clump of about 1 2 pines 247 

Chimney on cabin on Ellis Point 279 

White house 311 

Point of land 335 



23 _ }4 mile. 

05 -_ 2 miles. 

54 -- K mile. 

02 __ 100 yards. 



ELLA. 



(See 



14 



Locality. — North shore of Wicomico River on point at east side of entrance to Ellis Bay. 
Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point about i foot above high-water mark. It is about 10 yards back 
from the shore to the west, 20 yards back from the shore to the south, and 20 yards back from the 
shore to the north. No permanent reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Great Shoals Light" (S 9° 49' W) 00 

Tangent of land on Mollies Point 5 

Watch house 26 

Left of woods on Nanticoke Point 44 

Right of woods on Nanticoke Point 52 

Chimney of white house 135 

Chimney of gray house 142 

Chimney of white house 249 

Mount Vernon Church 257 

Chimney on middle of white house 274 

Chimney on cream and brown house 290 

Chimney on brown house 291 

Smoke pipe of watch house 306 



2 miles. 

I mile. 

10 -- '/^ mile. 

23 .- iX miles. 

33 -. iX miles. 

45 -- 2 miles. 

43 -- 2 miles. 

27 200 yards. 

58 -. .. 2X miles. 

28 __ i^ miles. 

49 -. I mile. 

03 -- I mile. 

57 -- I mile 



32 Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset Comity, Md. 

HOLLAND. 

Locality. — North shore of Wicomico River on Holland Point about i>4 miles west of Mount \'ernon 
Church, and \y^ miles east of Ellis Bay. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point about 20 yards north of high-water mark on its extreme end 
and about 100 yards west of a creek. A small cabin stands about 200 yards to the west. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — o 1 n 

" Wind" (S 28° 35' W) 00 00 00 i>^ miles. 

Great .Shoals Light 4 34 -- 2^ miles. 

Tangent of Mollies Point 18 39 _. 2 miles. 

Left tangent of woods on Nanticoke Point 34 33 __ 2^ miles. 

Right tangent of woods on Nanticoke Point 39 28 _. 2j^ miles. 

Chimney of house near Ellis Bay 46 19 ._ i^ miles 

Chimney of cabin 56 14 __ 200 yards. 

Chimney on left end of large red roof building, gi 56 _- 3 miles. 

Large chimney on white house 188 31 .. i^ miles. 

Chimney of slate-colored house 230 43 .. i^ miles. 

Chimney on middle of light-blue house 240 48 __ i mile. 

Chimney on 2>2-story light-green house 266 41 __ J^ mile. 

Right chimney on white house 317 29 -- >2 mile. 

CHILD. 

Locality. — North shore of Wicomico River about 14. mile north of Mount Vernon Church. (See 
Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 2 feet above and 15 yards back from high-water mark. 
There is an old wharf about 300 yards to the east and at a point about 100 yards to the north, two 
creeks join and form a single creek about 20 feet wide which flows into the river at a point about 15 
yards west of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Mount Vernon Church" (S 10° 15' E) 00 00 00 J-^ mile. 

Chimney on white house in woods on opposite 

shore 3 -i -- K mi'e- 

Chimney on white house on sand bluff on 

opposite shore 15 32 ._ 5^ mile. 

Smoke pipe on large white house 19 55 ._ J^ mile. 

Chimney on brown house 48 14 __ i>^ miles. 

Great Shoals Light 49 33 -- 3J< miles. 

Tangent of Holland Point 62 44 ,. iX miles. 

Fork of creek 183 08 __ 100 yards. 

Chimney of large house 206 39 _. 2 miles. 

Chimney of another large house 238 43 __ ^ mile. 

Mount Vernon wharf smoke pipe 293 12 __ i>< miles. 

Large white house in woods 324 03 .. J^ mile. 

Cream-colored house in woods 345 47 .- J^ mile. 

CREEK. 

Locality. — North shore of Wicomico River, about |< mile northwest of Mount Vernon wharf and 
about ij^ miles northeast of Mount Vernon Church. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a marsh grass and sand point making out to the south and about 10 yards 
from the high-water mark of each of the three sides of the point. About 10 yards west of observed 
station is the mouth of a creek or drain 10 feet wide which runs only a short distance inland. There 
are several unpainted houses within 200 yards of observed station and a lone pear tree stands about 200 



Ski'vcv of Ovs/rr /uiis, Soiucrscf Coitiilw .\fd. 33 

yanls to llii- iicirlh. There is ii cultivaled fickl alioul i,s" yards hack nf st;ili(>ii wiiicli i-xteiuls to edge 
of woods % mile distant. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triantjle on standard cement Tnonumcnl. 

Rcjerences, — ° ' " 

"Mount Vernon Church" (S 30° 39' W) 00 00 00 i^s miles. 

Chimney on light-blue house with red blinds 13 46 _, iX miles. 

Lone tree 72 ,S9 -- i mile. 

Chimney of old unpainted house 108 18 _ ._ 300 yards. 

Chimney of light-green trimmed house 135 15 __ 200 yards. 

Pear tree 1.59 48 -^ 200 yards. 

Left chimney of cream -colored house 218 06 -_ 300 yards. 

Tangent of cove 224 __ __ _ 30 yards. 

Smoke pipe on Mount Vernon wharf 282 34 J^ mile. 

Chimney outside yellow house 312 04 __ J^ mile. 

Chimney on slate-colored house 352 57 .. ^ mile. 

END. 

Locality. — North shore of Wicomico River, opposite Mount Vernon wharf. (Sec Cliart No. 5.) 
Observed station is on marsh land about 3 feet above and about 100 yards north of liigh-watcr 
mark in river and about 75 yards to the northwest of a large creek wliich runs alioul 2 miles inland 
Water bushes skirt shore around station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement nionuincnt. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Jones" (S 60° 33' W) 00 00 00 '4 mile. 

Chimney on white house 7 24 __ i mile. 

Tangent of land : 12 28 ., i mile. 

Near chimney of cream-colored house 68 25 -- >^ mile. 

Cupola on red barn - i.s.s 21 ff mile. 

Old-style windmill 163 26 __ simile. 

Chimney of Whitehaven Hotel 171 09 -- i^ miles. 

Webster's canning house 252 28 ._ >^ mile. 

Right hand chimney on gray house 273 42 __ J^ mile. 

Left side of Mount Vernon wharf 294 13 .- ^ mile 

Stack of Dashiell's canning house ,304 52 __ f^ mile. 

Middle attic window of white house 328 34 _. ^ mile. 

Chimney outside of yellow- house 332 12 _^ '.^ mile. 

WALNUT. 

Locality. — South shore of Wicomico River, about 175 yards east of Mount \'ernon wharf. (See 
Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 17 feet froiu shore and 50 yards west of a small crtck. 
Several large walnut and locust trees stand about 250 yards south of station and 2 houses and 2 slicds 
about 250 yards to the southwest. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rcjerences. — ° ' " 

"Jones" (S 83° 49' W) 00 00 00 '4 mile. 

Right side of Mount Vernon wharf house 17 18 __ 175 yards. 

Chimney outside of white house 46 52 .^ i mile. 

Left chimney of gabled house ,S3 47 - i mile. 

Old style windmill 121 00 __ "-2 mile. 

Left end of roof of Whitehaven wharf 136 18 _. i '^ miles. 

Chimney of Whitehaven Hotel 136 40 ^_ i '-^ miles. 

Opening between pair of pine trees near 

Whitehaven 140 .. __ i^-^ miles. 

50095—08 5 



34 



Sun<ev of Oyster Bars, Somerset County., Md. 



Stack of Webster's cunning house 1S7 38 . _ 300 yards. 

Opening between two walnut trees 274 .. -_ 200 yards. 

Chimney of Wliitlock's house ... 307 37 -- 250 yards. 

Stack of DashicU's canning house 352 23 -_ 400 yards. 

JONES. 

Locality. — South shore of W^icomico River aljout '^^ mile west of Mount Vernon wharf. (See Clia 
No. 5.) ' 

Observed station is im a knoll about 25 feet above and 30 yards to south of high-w-ater mark, ai 
about 200 yards to the east of a cove. The knoll on wiiich the station is located is the highest jioi 
on the shore in this locality. .Several small cabins stand to the northward about 25 yards, and a 1 ir 
lone cedar tree about 35 yards to the southwest. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — 

"Ivee" (S 78° 54' W") "o 00 00 ;', mile. 

Large square chimney on four-gable house- 10 03 .. J4 mile. 

Cedar tree u ^^ - 25 yards. 

Tangent of point of land 34 .=.4 -- --'---- !^ mile. 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree 62 

Chimney on light-green house on opposite 

shore '02 

White cupola in Whitehaven — 148 

Old style windmill X53 

Whitehaven Hotel chimney i5,S 48 

Large chimney on yellow house 1 78 37 

Chimney on end of brown house 216 37 

Chinniey on white house 266 42 

Weeping willow 307 55 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree 318 30 



26 ._ 20. 30 meters. 

33 . _ 3^' mile. 

53 _. 2 X mile. 

31 __ iK rniles 

48 __ 2X rtiil^s. 

J4 mile. 

',4 mile. 

y^ mile. 

t^ mile. 

31. 10 meters. 



IVEE. 

Locality. — Southeast shore of Wicomico River about '4 
(See Chart No. 5.) 

■ Observed station is on grass land about i foot aliovc 

A small cove makes in about 100 yards east of station. A 

the east-southeast, and a sand blufi" with pine trees about 

woods along the beach is a bluff 13 feet high upon which are 

Marks. — Ob-scrved station is center point of triangle on 

References. — 

"Mount \'crnon Church" (S 22° 37' E)--_ 00 

White house chimney .5,5 

Chimney on end of white house 209 

Chimney of green-trimmed house near 

"Creek" 245 

Old style windmill 264 

Slate-colored house 276 

Chinmev on middle of white house beyond 

woods 297 

Lone pine tree 317 



nnlc niirlhwcst of Mount Vernon Church' 

and 10 feet back from high-water mark, 
small lone pine stands about 'no yards to 
100 yards to the southwest, ricyond the 
several hou,ses. 
standard cement monument. 

00 00 H mile. 

33 . _ J^ mile. 

t5 _ 2 miles. 

28 -- i'4 miles. 

47 __ 2ys miles. 

22 -- ^ mile. 

II __ I mile. 

53 _ _ 110 yards. 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Co/in/v, Md. 35 

MOUNT VERNON CHURCH. 

Locality, — Southeast side of Wicomico River about 's niile back from the shore i "j miles south- 
west of Mount Vernon wharf. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on main road in Mount Vernon and is situated on the liigliest point in llic 
vicinity. 

Murks. — Otjserved station is center of steeple of Mount \'crnun Metliodist Church. 

I\t'jcrcnces. — None necessary. 

BALL. 

Lmalily. — Southeast shore of Wicomico River on a p(;int of land about i mile norllieast of \\'in,i;alc 
Point. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a sand and grass point making out aliout 100 vards west of a sand blulT. 
A small creek empties into the river about 10 yards to the east, and three pojjlars stand about 100 
yards to the south. The extreme northern end of the ptiint is about 3,s vards from station and tlie 
western side is about 10 yards. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument 
Rijercnces. — ° ' " 

" Holland" (N jo° 03' W) 00 00 00 ',mile. 

Middle one of five pines 107 og _. 100 yards. 

Chimney on John Withlock's house J-_ 137 57 .^ 100 yards 

Left end of pine woods, - . 145 ^t, __ ' 2 mile. 

Right end of pine woods 165 04 ,. '.mile. 

Chimney on white house 183 32 _, '4 mile. 

Third poplar 209 04 __ 100 yards. 

Chimney of brown house 248 27 __ 'jinile. 

WIND. 

Localily. — Southeast shore of Wicomico River about '4' mile north of southern end of Wingatc 
Point. (vSee Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is about 30 yards from high-water mark of Wicomico River on the north side and 
20 yards from the west side. An oyster watchhouse stands about 100 yards to the east of the station 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

f\i:fen'iiccs. — ° ' . " 

"Great Shoals Light" (S 36° 29' W) 00 00 00 „_ i '. miles. 

Tangent of Mollies Point ;iTi 35 .. i mile. 

Left end of woods 46 12 __ ii;<j^ miles. 

Right end of woods 51 45 .. 1^4 miles. 

Tangent of Ellis Point 102 47 __ i mile. 

White house in woods 157 19 __ 3 miles. 

' Smoke pipe on watchhouse 183 49 .. 100 yards. 

Chimney of brown house 203 38 __ 'imile. 

Chimney of cream-colored house with brown 

trimmings 213 34 -- - '..mile. 

Watchhouse 308 41 '4 mile. 

Chimney on 2 ■ 2-story house 34,- 18 ______ 3 miles. 

Chimney on end of white house Dames 

Quarter 330 37 _. _ _ 2 ' .. niiles. 

LirrLE. 

Laciilily. — Southern shore of Monie Bay on second prominent point of marsk about '4 mile to the 
west of entrance to Little Monie Creek. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point covered with water bushes and reeds. It is aljout i foot 
above high-water mark, 7 yards from the west side, 10 yards from the east side, an<l aliout 30 yards 
from extreme end of point. No permanent reference objects near station. 



S//n'rr of (h's/rr /uirs, Soii/rrsc/ Coim/v, Md. 



Marks 



-Oljserved station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 



"(5reat Shoals Light" (S 83° 43' W) 00 

Left side of woods on Nanticoke Point 19 

Right side of woods on Nanticoke Point 22 

Tangent of Wingate Point 34 

Chimney on red roof white house 60 

Chimney on near end of white house with 

brown trimmings 62 

Chimney on red roof white house with green 

blinds 62 

Left chimney of yellow house trimmed white. 79 

Middle of woods 80 

Large brown house 93 

Mount Vernon Church 102 

Tangent of point of land 165 

Tangent of point of land 320 

Tangent of land 346 



00 00 2J-4 miles. 

34 _. 3X miles. 

24 _ _ 3 >2 miles. 

39 . . 1 14 miles. 

13 -_ iK miles. 

02 ._ I ','2 miles. 

43 _ _ I ' 2 miles 

52 ._ I ,'-2 miles 

_ _ 1^4 miles 

55 --- iK miles. 

42 ._ ij^ miles. 

47 - -- X mile- 

16 ._ 75 yards. 

47 _- 3 miles. 



DOVE. 

Locality. — South shore of Monie Bay and about '4 mile east of entrance to Pigeon Creek. (See 
Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 10 yards back from high-water mark not far from water 
bushes which stand to the east. Cement monument marking reference statiim is 13.98 meters southeast 
from observed station. No permanent reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in pine stub flush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

Rcjcrcnces. — ° ' " 

"Great Shoals Light" (N57°4i' W) 00 00 00 iX miles. 



Left side of Nanticoke Point woods 

Left side of Roaring Point heavy woods, . 



56 ._ 2^ miles. 



High lone pine showing above woods 2i 

Tangent of Wingate Point 52 

Chimney of red roof house 67 

Chimney on yellow house with red gable 

roof 84 

Mount Vernon Church 86 

Tangent of land 106 

Referen'CE station 202 

Chimney of white house with dark red 

trimmings 1 245 



5 miles. 
5 miles. 
2 miles. 
2 miles. 



__ 3 miles. 

, . 3X miles. 

, - 300 yards. 

50 13. 98 meters. 

_. ly^ miles. 



GREAT SHOALS LIGHT. 

Locality. — Middle of entrances to Monie Bay and Wicomico River about halfway lietwcen Long 
Point to the south and Mollies Point to the north. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center of black lantern on square screw ])ile structure known as "Great 
Shoals Light." 

Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfm Shoal Light" (S 81° 50' W) 00 00 00 .. 5",s miles. 



Survey of Oy</cr Bu/s, Soii/ersc/ CoiDity, Md. 

vSHORT. 

Locality. — Southern shore of entrances to Monie Bay and Wicomico River on Lon 
about I mile south-southwest from Great Shoals Liglit. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on a sandy knoll on eastern side of entrance to Dames Quarter Cre 
feel back from high-water mark on the north side and about 30 feet from east side of ])oint 
liif^hcsl part of the knoll which is about 5 feet above high-water mark. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement 

kiiircnces. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light " (S 89° 03' W) 00 00 00 

Tile pipe in cement (" Long " 1901) 23 57 45 63 

Nanticoke wharf 67 57 __ 

Left side of Nanticoke woods 6g 13 .. 

Yellow house with red blinds 74 53 __ 

Left tangent of Wingate Point 124 13 ._ 

Chimney on red roof white house 132 39 __ 

Near chimney of yellow house 136 40 __ 

Chimney on red trimmed house 212 49 _. 

Left tree at Dames Quarter 260 37 __ 

Chimney on white barn 279 45 _. 

Left chimney on w'hite house 320 05 .. 

Chimney on yellow house.- 341 25 -- 

ROOM. 



37 



ek about 15 
II is on llie 



moiuunent. 

5 ,s miles. 
703 meters. 
4 ' s miles. 

2 miles. 
314 miles. 
23s miles. 

3 miles. 
3 miles. 
2 miles. 

}4 mile. 
300 yards. 
200 yards. 
200 yards. 



Locality. — Upper end and eastern shore of Tangier Sound on Halls Point. (See Chart No. 5.) 
Observed station is on a bluff 15 feet high about 5 yards back from its edge. It is about 25 yards 
east of a clump of mulberry trees and about 15 yards north-northwest of a barn. Locust and mulberry 
trees stand all about station and locust bushes along the edge of the bluff. A wagon trail runs parallel 
to the shore about 15 yards back of station. Cement monument marking reference station is 21.43 
meters south-southwest of observed station and almost in line with a large mulberry tree. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of stub with top flush w-ith ground. Reference station 
is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (N 70° 00' \\')__ 00 00 00 2^' 2 miles. 

Gable on near side of red roof on white 

house on Bishop's Head 3 01 _. 5 V^ miles. 

Near end of roof of large 232-story house.- 12 53 .. 7 V4 miles. 

Left tangent of Clay Island 39 18 .. 3 X miles. 

Left side of Sandy Point woods 70 08 .. 4 miles. 

Roaring Point wharf. 83 22 .. 5 miles. 

Near chimney on end of large red roof 

white house 94 36 .. 4>4 miles. 

Right side of Nanticoke woods iio 28 .. 3^4 miles. 

Mount Vernon Church 127 18 .. 7 miles. 

Near corner of barn 137 06 .. 15. 96 meters. 

Right hand corner of barn 152 08 18. 11 meters. 

Reference STATio.v 268 30 06 .. 21.45 meters. 

Large cedar tree 276 30 .. 100 yards. 

Two-inch iron pipe 279 38 30 9. 21 meters. 

HAINES. 

Locality. — Upper end and eastern shore of Tangier Sound on Haines Point, about js mile north of 
Deal Island Wharf. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Observed station is on sand and grass point al)out 20 yards back and 5 feet above high-water mark. 
Locust and water bushes stand about 20 yards to the north and the left edge of this clump is about on 



38 



Siiri'fv of Oj'stcr Bars, Somcrscf Cou>ih\ Md. 



line with Sharkfin Shoal Light. A barbwire fence runs 3 yards east of station. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 9.64 meters east of obser%'ed station. 

\larhs. — Observed station is nail in pine stub in center of a drain tile with top broken oft below 
surface. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ■ o < // 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (X 45° 58' \V) 00 

Left of bushes 39 

Left of Sandy Point woods 53 

Chimney of 2 V2-stor}' white house trimmed 

with red 75 

Chimney of unpainted house '.. 85 

Chimney on end of red cottage trimmed 

white 99 

Reference st.^tion 123 

Pine tree 148 

Large square chimney on red house 152 

Right one of 5 large pines 184 40 ^, 300 yards 

Half way between chimneys on store on 

Deal Island 213 08 

Deal Island Church 217 00 

Black gum tree _ 223 49 

Right end of Deal Island wharf 234 10 

Hooper Straits Light 343 34 



00 00 2^ miles. 

37 __ 20 yards. 

38 __ 4f^ miles. 

04 __ J'2 miles. 

49 - - 350 yards. 

00 _ . 3^ mile. 

40 40 g. 64 meters. 

37 30 - 2. 14 meters. 

49 . - 400 yards. 



J-^ mile. 

I J^ miles. 

6. 70 meters. 

'4 mile. 

7',< miles 



DEAL ISLAND CHURCH. 

Locality. — Deal Island on main road about '4 mile from the shore and about '4 mile south of 
Laws Thoroughfare. (See Chart No. 5.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center of steeple on Deal Island Methodist Church. 
References. — None necessary. 

BAR. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Tangier Sound on western side of Deal Island, aliout i mile northwest 
of entrance to Lower Thoroughfare and '2 mile south of Middle Creek. (See Charts Nos. 5 and 7.) 

Observed station is about 10 yards east of high-water mark on sand and grass land back of sandy 
beach. The first of many tree stumps which are submerged at high water commence about 100 yards 
to the north and cat-tails grow abundantly back of station. Cement monument marking reference 
station is 6.09 meters east of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in pine stub Hush with ground. Reference station is center 
point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Sharkfin Shoal Light" (N 19° 40' W) 00 

Tangent of Haines Point 27 

Flag pole on large building on Deal Island 

wharf 28 

Middle chimney of large gray building 37 

Chimney on white house 1 59 

Middle chimney on red roof white house 79 

Reference station 107 

Chimney on white house 1 18 

Chimney on dark gray house 161 

Right chimney on white four-gabled house 

with red roof 176 39 _. '.j mile. 



29 



00 41^2 miles. 

.. 2 '-2 miles. 



2 miles. 
I mile. 



54 400 yards. 

51 - - ^s mile. 

10 00 6. 09 meters. 

43 400 yards. 

,S 7 _ - 300 yards. 



Survey of Ovstcr Bars, Somerset Coui/tv, Md. 39 

JICAN. 

Locality. — Northern shore of Manokiii River (Hi ;i marsh point on the west side of entrance to 
Geanquakin Creek. (Sec Charts Nos. 5 and 7.) 

Oliscrved station is on low marsh land about .^.^ yards back from extreme end, },o yards from east 
side and 40 yards from north side of point. Pine woods stand about ' s mile l)ack from station. Tliere 
arc no permanent reference objects near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Reference.';. — ° ' " 

"Fairmount Church" (S 39° 13' H) 00 00 00 3^' miles. 

Chimney on cabin standing near two others- 14.5 48 „_ J^ mile. 

Left end of cabin in woods 238 05 _ iX "liles. 

Chimney of William Muir's store 301 07 __ i>^ miles. 

Cupola on barn (" Barn") J 324 58 -. 25^ miles. 

Chimney of house near "Staff " 358 45 .. i^ miles. 

SANDY. 

Locality. — Northern shore of Manokin River on point of land known as Sandy Point op[)osilc 
Fishing Island. (See Charts Nos. 5 and 7.) 

Observed station is on a sandy point about ,s feet above and 10 yards back from high-water mark 
on south side of point and about 75 yards from high-water mark on west side. A sandy beach is 
building out to southward and a heavy clump of myrtle hushes extends from a point about 25 yards 
west to a point about 75 yards west. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement mcmumcnt, 
Rcjcrcnccs.^ 

" Fairmount Church" (S 7° 34' E) 00 00 00 2'4 miles. 

Bell tower on oyster house ("Cupola") 30 38 50 J-^ mile. 

Flag staff on oyster house ("Staff") 65 43 50 i_J^ miles. 

Chimney on William Muir's store 137 42 _, 3.4 mile. 

Chimney on store cabin 196 18 __ 'smile. 

Right end of roof 254 03 .. i mile. 

Cupola on barn (" Barn") 307 15 40 J^ mile. 

HOLLAND ISLAND BAR LIGHT. 

Locality. — Ivastcrly side of Chesapeake Bay off entrance to Kedye Straits, about -■'., miles soutl] 
of Holland Island, 2'j miles southwest of South Marsh, and 3*4 miles northwest of Smitli Island. 
(See Chart No. 6.) 

Marks. — Observed statitm is center point of black lantern on hexagonal screw pile structure 
known as "Holland Island Bar Light." 

References. — o 1 « 

"Solomons Lump Light" (S 72° 06' E) 00 00 00 , 4^^ miles. 

SOLOMONS LUMP LIGHT. 

Locality. — Kedge Straits about '2 mile north of Smith Island and about 1 ' j miles south of .South 
Marsh. (See Charts Nos. 6 and 7.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center of black lantern on stpiare tower on nortlierly side of a caisson 
and octagonal structure known as "Solomons Lump Light." 

Rejcrcnc.es. — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (S 42° 12' fi)) 00 00 00 -jjA miles. 

FOG. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay and .southern shore of Kedge Straits on northwest 
poiiu of Smith Island known as "Fog Point." (See Chart No. 6.) 

Observed station is on the north side of a sand and grass point alioiit 1 foot above high-water and 
about 65 yards from extreme end of point to northeast and 6 yards south-southeast from shore. The 



40 



S/irz'fv (if ()ys/(7- Ba/s^ Sdiurrsc/ Couiil\\ J A/. 



itli surface of ground. 



icuinius iif old "Fog Point Light House" are about 50 yards to west -southwest, and uivrtle bushes 
abound on all sides except on the west side, which is a sandy beach. Cement nioiunnent marking 
reference station is 15.26 meters soutli from observed station and about in line with a lone cherry 
tree j-4 mile distant. 

Marks. — Observed station is nail in center of tile pipe with top llush v 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement mimument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Solomons Lump Light" (N 59° 22' E) 00 00 00 1 

Tangent of point of land 13 08 ._ 

Large tree near two smaller ones 22 41 _. 1 

Lone pine tree 89 28 _- 

Reference station 121 18 30 15. 

Large lone cherry tree 121 26 _, 

First one of two trees 133 43 _^ 

Old light-house foundation 193 47 __ 

First tree on Holland Island 272 37 _. ■ 



H 


miles. 


yi, mile. 


:'/2 


miles. 


I 


mile. 


26 


meters. 


y^ 


mile. 


Vi 


mile. 


50 


yards. 


■M 


miles. 



JOSEPH, 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay and western side of Smith Island, about 3 miles south- 
west from Solomons Lump Light and about yi mile north of entrance to Smith Island Thoroughfare 
(See Charts Nos. 6 and 8.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 30 yards back from edge of sandy shore. There is nothing 
but marsh grass for ]■!, mile on all sides except a slough about 30 yards wide, which begins about 60 
yards southeast of observed station and runs south to Smith Island Thoroughfare. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 38.74 meters northeast of station and is nearly on line with Solomons Luni]) 
Light. 

.Marks. — Observed station is nail in stub flush with ground. Reference station is center point 
of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Solomons Lump Light" (N4o°47'E)-- 00 00 00 3 miles. 

Reference station 00 13 55 38. 74 meters. 

Tall lone tree 20 42 __ 1/4 miles. 

Right-hand one of two pines 38 35 __ ^2 mile. 

Right end of slough 69 43 __ 60 yards. 

Smith Island North Church 103 33 ^_ i '/2 miles. 

Gable on front of 2 >2-story house 109 28 __ ly^ miles. 

"Smith Island Old Church" 128 oi - 3'/^ miles. 

TERRAPIN. 



Locality. — Western shore of Tangier Sound on extreme northeast point of Smith Island, knowii 
as "Terrapin Sand Point." (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on the northeast side of a marsh point about 30 yards v«'est of the extreme end 
and 35 yards southwest of high-water mark on northeast side. A clump of myrtle bushes stands on 
point about 150 yards southwest of the station. There are no permanent reference objects near station. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (S 37° 40' E) 00 

Left end of myrtle bushes 65 

Smith Island Church 80 

Lone tree to right of another tree 83 

Solomons Lump Light 169 

Point of this island 214 



00 00 4^8 miles. 

13 -. 150 yards. 

25 .. 4 miles. 

23 __ 7 miles. 

20 _. 3-54 miles. 

03 ^_ 150 yards. 



Sitrvey oj Oyster />ars, Soiiicrsrt CoiDily^ Aid. 41 

MILES. 

Locality. — Western shore of Tangier Sound on eastern side of the lower half of vSouth Marsli. (See 
Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point making out about 75 yards south of entrance to small creek, 
whicli is middle one of three on this shore of the island. Station is about 50 yards south of the north 
side and about 60 yards west of extreme end of point. A row of myrtle bushes stands cast of the station. 
Marks. — Observed station is center iK)int of triangle on standard cement numument. 
Rejerence.i. — • - o / // 

"Sharkfin .Shoal Light" (N 8° 33' E) 00 00 00 7;V8 miles. 

Deal Island Church 29 26 ._ 5 >^ miles. 

End of roof of white house among trees, Deal 

Island 33 48 .. 4^^ miles. 

Tangent of near point of land 155 35 ., ^ mile. 

Solomons Lump Light 178 56 55 3^ miles. 

Third (first large) tree from left 231 57 _. J^ mile. 

Lone pine tree 330 27 .. 4X n^'les. 

JOSHUA. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Tangier Sound on western side of Little Island, aljout ' .s mile south- 
east from extreme eastern point of island. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on northern half of a sand dune about 10 feet above and 20 feet back from 
high-water mark. The southern half of the sand dune is covered with bushes and scrub trees. A large 
aspen tree stands about }i mile north of the station. Cement monument marking reference station is 
located on low land 32.06 meters north of observed station, and is nearly on line with large aspen tree. 
Marks. — Observed station is a nail in pine stub flush with ground and is likely to be disturbed by 
shifting of sand dune. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Solomons Lump Light" (S 37° 41' W)_. 00 00 00 sJii miles. 

Tall pine tree on opposite shore of Tangier 

Sound 81 48 .- 5 >^ miles. 

Center point of square roof house on Deal 

Island 129 32 .. I '^ miles. 

Large aspen tree 160 08 .. j^ mile. 

Reference STATION 160 19 20 32. 06 meters. 

Nail in blaze in peach tree (iK inches in 

diameter) 259 40 ,_ 30. 74 meters. 

Tangent point of island _. 290 48 .. >4 mile. 

KELLEY. 

Locality. — Northern sho're of Manokin River on Kelley Island, which is located off jjoint between 
Fishing Creek and Laws Thoroughfare just inside of entrance to Laws Thoroughfare. (See Chart No. 7.) 
Observed station is on a small point making off southern side of a marsh island known as "Kelley 
Island." It is about 8 yards from the east side and about 12 yards from west side of point. Myrtle 
bushes grow about 5 yards to west and north of observed station and a crab shanty stands on northern 
end of island about 100 yards north from station. Cement monument marking reference station is 
10.44 meters northeast of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of a square wooden box with top just above groinid. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Fairmount Church" (S 70° 41' E) 00 00 00 6^ miles. 

Pine to left of two others 18 38 .. 3K miles. 

Left end of new house '. 23 37 .. 4 miles. 

Aspen tree near "Joshua" _. 130 32 .. 2j.<'milcs. 

50095 — 08 6 



42 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Sonierse/ Coiiniy, Md. 



Chimney on very large white house on Deal ° 

Island 167 

Crab house on Kelley Island 253 

Reference station 283 

MARSH. 



51 . _ 2 miles. 

29 .- 100 yards. 

57 10 10. 44 meters. 



Locality. — Northern shore of Manokin River on a small marshy island on eastern side of entrance 
to Fishing Creek. (vSee Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on southern part of a small marshy island about J5 feet from the south side, 30 
feet from the northeast side, and 10 feet from west side of the island. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 24.34 meters northwest of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stub in center of square wooden box. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rcjcrenccs. — ° 

"Fairmount Church" (S 64° 47' E) 00 00 00 4j^8 miles. 

Fine to the left of two other pines 31 45 ^ 2 Ji miles. 

Right side of house on Deal Island 143 10 -- 2J 2 miles. 

Reference STATION 222 22 20 24. 34 meters. 

Chimney of cabin in woods 306 37 ._ 2 >^ miles. 

Right-hand end of crab house 336 22 .. J< mile. 

ST. PIERRE. 
Localily. — Manokin River on a small marsh island known as " St. Pierre Island." (See Chart No. 7.) 
Observed station is on west side of island about 20 yards from the shore to the west and about 
30 yards from the shore to the south. A clump of myrtle bushes stand about 15 yards northwest of 
station, and the shore of a small bay is about 30 yards to the east. Cement monument marking refer- 
ence station is 7.97 meters east-southeast of observed station and on line to "Fairmount Church." 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in pine stub in center of square wooden box. Reference station 
is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° 

"Fairmount Church" (S 59° 49' E) 00 

Reference .station 00 

Chimney on house with two ells 57 

Pine tree to the left of two others 58 

Left end of roof of white house 61 

Left end of crab house near Muddy Cove 188 

Chimney on cabin 258 54 __ iX m'les. 

Chimney on Muir's store 301 22 _. 2X ™iles. 

Right-hand chimney on yellow house 313 44 .. 4 miles. 



GO 00 3 Ji miles. 

00 00 7. 97 meters. 

15 .. i^ miles. 

52 ._ 2 miles. 

09 _. lyi miles. 

14 ._ li/i miles. 



LOCUST. 
-Western shore of upper Manokin River, about 



mile north of Locust Point. (See 



Localily. 
Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 12 yards west from shore of river and about 12 yards 
north from a small creek. Myrtle bushes extend alongside of river and creek. There are no other 
permanent reference marks near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — 

"Barn" (S 12° 48' E) -^ 00 

Bell cupola on oyster house ("Cupola") 52 

Chimney on white house 219 

Chimney on cabin near " \V'ab"_ 244 

North chimney on brick house (" Pen") 267 

Chimney of cabin near "Cox" 287 



00 00 - "s mile. 

33 . . 1 mile. 

20 .. 5^ mile. 

22 _. iX miles. 

04 - _ I mile. 

22 ._ y% mile 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Soii/rrse/ County, Aid. 43 

FITZ. 

Locality. — Northwestern shore of upper Manokin River, about i mile northeast from Locust Point. 
(See Progress Map.) 

Observed station is on the edge of the lawn of a large old red brick house owned by Mr. Fitzgerald, 
about 4 yards w^est of shore and 23 yards southwest of extreme end of point. Four locust trees, each 8 
inches in diameter, stand back of station, and there is a cobblestone about 1 2 inches in diameter about 
2 yards to the east. There is a small pond 20 yards to the north of the station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Fairmount Church" (S io° 50' W) 00 00 00 3^ miles. 

Kell cupola on oyster house ("Cupola"). _u 29 05 .. I'/j miles. 

Chimney of white house 38 35 .. //a mile. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (8 inches diame- 
ter) 105 02 .. 5.42 meters. 

Near corner of brick house 139 34 _- 100 yards. 

Nail in blaze in locust tree (8 inches in di- 
ameter) 208 52 .. 6. 24 meters 

Chimney of unpainted house 224 02 _- / 2 mile. 

Chimney of cabin near "Wab" 237 52 __ '2 mile. 

North chimney on large brick house 

("Pen") 287 58 20 ^8 mile. 

WAB. 

Locality. — North shore of upper Manokin River on a point on the western side of entrance to Goose 
Creek. (See Progress Map.) 

Observed station is on a shell and marsh point about 10 feet back from both sides of point and 
about 3 feet above high-water mark. A small .shanty stands directly west of station. 

Marks. — Observ'ed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Pen" (S 1° 32' E) 00 00 00 3-2 mile. 

Left-hand corner of shanty 80 01 _- 19. 46 meters. 

Next corner of shanty 90 58 .. 18. 77 meters. 

Chimney of two-story unpainted house 107 50 _. 250 yards. 

Lone pine 165 07 __ 250 yards. 

Chinmey on middle of red roof on white 

house east 254 34 .. J.-2 mile. 

Easterly chimney of white house on op- 
posite shore 280 15 __ "-^ mile. 

PEN. 

Locality. — Southeastern shore of upper Manokin River on Clifton Point. (See Progress Map.) 
Observed station is northern chinmey of a large 2 1 2 story, 4-gable roof, brick house belonging to 
Mr. Pendelton. The house is back from the river, and there are trees between it and the shore. 
Marks. — Observed station is center of northern chimney on house belonging to Mr. Pendelton. 
Rejerences. — None necessary. 

COX. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of upper Manokin River on marsh point about '4 mile north of entrance 
to Back Creek. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is about 15 yards east and 10 yards south of high-water mark. .A small building 
stands in the water about 20 feet from bank to the northeast of station, and Bennett's oyster watch- 
house is about 15 yards east of station. 



44 Survey of Oyster Bais^ Somerset CoiDity, Aid. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Fairmount Church" (S 15° 34' W) 00 ck) 00 2 J^ miles. 

Cupola on barn (" Barn") 10 37 .. J^ mile. 

Bell cupola on oyster house ("Cupola") 43 51 .. i|^ miles. 

Chimney of white house in 27 __ f^ mile. 

West corner of roof brick of house on oppo- 
site shore near "Fitz" 151 33 .. 54^ mile. 

Cabin near " Wab " 189 33 .. ^ mile. 

Left corner of watchhouse 266 45 .- 17. 20 meters. 

Near comer of watchhouse 274 58 .. 14. 13 meters. 

GREEN. 

Locality. — Upper Manokin River on eastern shore about % mile north of entrance to Back Creek. 
(See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on grassy land about 10 yards east of a sandy beach adjoining a marsh point, 
and is about 3 yards north of curve in road. Two small locust trees stand about 3 yards distant, one 
to the northwest and the other to the east of station. A cedar tree 10 inches in diameter stands about 
10 yards to the south. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Fairmount Church" (S 1 8° 53' W) 00 00 00 2 >2 miles. 

Left chimney of white house , 7 59 .. ^ mUe. 

Cupola on barn ("Barn") 25 23 50 ^ mile. 

Pine tree to the right of two others 35 50 __ 4^ miles. 

William Muir's store chimney 84 55 .. i^ miles. 

Nail in blaze on tree (3 inches diameter).. 107 01 .. 3. 65 meters. 

Chimney on white house 126 ii ,. J^ mile 

Tangent of point of land 141 18 ,_ 100 yards. 

Nail in blaze on tree (10 inches diameter). 342 09 .. 8. 90 meters. 

BARN. 

Locality. — South shore of Manokin River on prominent point of land between Wolf Trap and Back 
creeks. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of cupula on a large red frame structure used as a barn on 
farm of Hershel Ford. 

References. — None necessary. 

CUPOLA. 

Locality. — South shore of Manokin River on north end of Fishing Island. (See Chart No. 7.) 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of top of bell cupola on Bennett's oyster house. 
References. — None necessary. 

STAFF. 

Locality. — Southern shore of Manokin River on eastern side of entrance to Broad Creek, about 
X tnile southeast of Cormal Point. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Marks. — Observed station is flagstaff on eastern end of roof of oyster house on Cox's wharf. 
References. — None necessary. 

FAIRMOUNT CHURCH. 

Locality. — ^Town of Upper Fairmount about halfway between Manokin and Big Annemessex 
rivers. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of steeple on Fairmount Methodist Church. 
References. — None necessary. 



Survey of Oyster Bar: 



45 



PRICKLY. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Tangier Sound and southeastern side of entrance to Manokin River on 
a small point >4 mile south of Prickly Point. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on a sandy spot about 5 feet above and 30 yards back from high-water mark on 
west side and about 35 yards from end of point to northwest. About 10 feet southeast of station is a 
clump of myrtle bushes, and 7 to 18 yards back of these is a small group of pine trees. 

Marks. — Obser\'ed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° 

"St. Pierre" (N 17° 33' E) 00 

Pine tree to left of two others 26 

Chimney of gray house 39 

Pointed cupola on building through trees. 49 

Near end of roof of house 52 

Nail in blaze in tree 68 

Left end of white house 93 

Left end of roof of yellow house loi 

Nail in blaze in tree 125 

Chimney on gray house on next point 163 

Tangent of point of land 332 

HAS. 



00 00 3>^ miles. 

54 .. iX miles. 

22 -- X niile. 

54 Kmile- 

25 .- I mile. 

03 .. 19. 69 meters. 

46 __ iX miles. 

01 ----- X mile. 

29 -- 23.07 meters. 

02 -. ^ mile. 

04 -- J4 mile.- 



00 00 t}4 miles. 

02 -- ys mile. 

10 -_ 1^ miles. 

54 -- 2 miles. 

46 .. i-. )4 mile. 

11 45 5. 21 meters. 

50 .- 5>i miles. 



Locality. — Eastern shore of Tangier Sound on point at north side of entrance to Big Annemessex 
River about halfway between Porpoise Point and Two Mouth Creek. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on a sand dune about lo feet above and 30 yards back from high- water mark 
to the west. A pool averaging 40 feet by lOO feet stands 50 feet east of observed station. Cement 
monument marking reference station is 5.21 meters east of observed station and about on line to Fords 
wharf. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in a pine stub with top flush with ground. Reference station 
is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Kejerences. — ° 

"Solomons Lump Light" (S 84° 12' W) 00 

Tangent of point of land 12 

Chimney of house among trees 92 

Right end of white house roof 117 

Chimney on large unpainted house 129 

Reference station 179 

Tower on Odd Fellows Building, Crisfield- 265 

FORD. 

Locality. — North shore of Big Annemessex River on south side of Jerico Marshes just east of Muddy 
Creek. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is chimney on roof of oyster house near Fords wharf. Chimney is a little east of 
middle of roof. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of chimney on roof of oyster house. 

References. — None necessary. 

MOON. 

Locality. — North shore of Big Annemessex River on point between Moon Bay and Crane Cove. 
(See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point about 35 yards from extreme end, 25 yards from east side and 
30 yards from south side. A small pool stands about 10 yards south of observed station and a crescent- 
shaped pool about 10 feet wide and loo feet long extends from a point about 20 yards west to a point 
about 20 yards north of station. A row of small myrtle bushes begins at a point directly south of 



46 Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Comity, Md. 

observed station, extends along shore toward the east, and ends at Moon Bay. Another lot of small 
myrtle bushes begins at a point about 100 yards west of observed station and extends along the shore 
to the west. There are no other points of reference near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Ford" (N 75° 41' W) 00 00 00 I ^ miles. 

Eastern end of cabin roof 59 06 _. iX miles. 

Chimney on cabin 83 12 ._ ij^ miles. 

Chimney on cabin 85 44 ._ ij^ miles. 

Peak of center gable of red roof house 104 45 __ 2 5^ miles. 

Near end of old 2 ^-story house 117 00 __ i^ miles. 

Western chimney of square roof house 189 47 .. i mile. 

Eastern end of white house roof 202 18 .. iJS^ miles. 

Eastern end of roof of large barn 229 30 .. i mile. 

Chimney on house ("Colburn") 262 i6 _. ^ mile. 

Chimney on middle of long barn 267 i6 __ % mile. 

Tangent of point of land 328 28 __ f-g mile. 

COLBURN. 

Locality. — South shore of Big Anneniessex River on southeastern side of entrance to Colburn Creek 
(See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is chimney on top of a modern several gable house. House sets alone about 
halfway between oyster houses to the west and a group of houses to the east. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of chimney on top of -modern several gabled house. 

References. — None necessary. 

GEOG. 

Locality. — South shore of Big Anneniessex River on point on east side of a square-shaped inlet 
about }-i mile northeast of the entrance to Jones Creek. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on marsh land about 50 yards back form extreme end of point, about 20 yards 
from southeast corner of square-shaped bay and about 25 yards from east shore line. Myrtle bushes 
extend along shore to the east of station for about 100 yards, and reeds grow 25 yards to the north. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — o / » 

"Has" (N 71° 44' W) 00 00 00 2^^ miles. 

Nearest end of red roof on opposite shore 40 43 .. 3 J^ miles. 

Pine tree to the right of two others 47 17 __ 4^;^" miles. ' 

Chimney on oyster house ("Ford") 57 22 __ i^jniles. 

Center gable of red house 109 37 .. 3 J^ miles. 

Chimney on middle of dark red oyster house. 155 25 .. i mile. 

FLAT CAP. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Tangier Sound and about y^ mile south of Flat Cap Point on south 
side of entrance to Big .Anneniessex River. (See Chart No. 7.) 

Observed station is on a sand dune about 10 yards back and 10 feet above high-water mark. A 
sandy beach extends along shore for about 100 yards in both directions and remainder of land is 
grassy. A slough begins at a point about 50 yards southeast of observed station and extends south. 
Cement monument marking reference station is 13.64 meters east of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a i '2-inch iron pipe with top flush with the surface of the ground 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Referetices. — ° ' " 

"Solomons Lump Light" (N 81° 14' W).- 00 00 00 7J-4 miles. 

Left end of roof of white house near 

Prickly Point 90 21 _. 2 >^ miles. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset Comity, Md. 47 

Right end of long building in woods 169 09 ._ 2 X miles. 

Reference STATION 179 22 40 13. 64 meters. 

Tower of Odd Fellows building, Crisfield-_ 243 06 ._ 3^ miles. 

Lone smokestack on Crisfield Ice Plant 251 31 .. 3^^ miles. 

Fish factory stack Janes Island 271 36 ._ 4^ miles. 

SMITH POINT LIGHT. 

Locality. — Western side of Chesapeake Bay on southern side of entrance to Potomac River and 
about 3 miles east by south of Smith Point. (See Chart No. 8.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of black lantern on caisson and brick structure known 
as "Smith Point Light." 

References. — ° ' " 

" Holland Island Bar Light" (N 20° 13' E). 00 00 00 13^4 miles. 

NORTH CHURCH (SMITH ISLAND). 

Locality. — In town of Ewell on group of marsh islands known as " Smith Island." (See Chart 
No. 8.) 

Observed station is on solid land on south shore of Smith Island Thoroughfare alioul i mile from 
the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of spire of church known as " Corinth Methodist Episcopal 
Cliurch." 

Rejereiices. — None necessary. 

OLD CHURCH (vSMITH ISLAND). 

Locality. — Western side of the group of marsh islands known as "Smith Island" on solid land 
about } s mile from the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay and ■ s mile east of upper end of Shanks Creek 
at Rhodes Point. (See Chart No. 8.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of spire of church known as "Calvary Methodist Epis- 
copal Church." 

Rejerences. — None necessary. 

EWELL CHURCH (SMITH ISLAND). 

Locality. — In town of Tylerton near the center of the group of marsh islands known as "Smith 
Island" on solid land about 's mile east of the narrowest part of waters joining Tylers Creek and 
Tylers Ditch. (See Chart No. 8.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of spire of church known as " Union Methodist Episcopal 
Church." 

References. — None necessary. 

SHANKS HAMMOCK. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay on Shanks Island, which is located in Virginia about 
%" mile east of the southern end of Smith Island. (See Chart No. 8.) 

Observed station is on the northeast side of the island, on low ground aliout J, mile from its 
northern end about 70 yards back from shore and 1 10 yards from end of point to east. It is near 
the southern extrennty ot a hummock covered with a dense growth of scrub trees and bushes and is 
about 3,5 yards north of a pile of brick, the ruins of a house. Cement monument marking reference 
station is 1.43 meters southwest of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of a 4-inch tile pipe with top just below the surface of the 
ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

References. — ° ' " 

"Smith Point Light" (S 69' 16" W) 00 00 00 8 >< miles. 

Smith Island Corinth Church (North Church) 115 50 00 smiles 



Survey of Oys/rr Bars, Soiiirrscf Coitti/y, Md. 



Smith Island Union Church (Ewell Church). 130 13 00 3%^ miles. 

Horse Hammock poplar 161 33 .. 3 >2 miles. 



Right tangent of point 168 28 _- 

Pine tree 185 39 .. 

Stove pipe on large crab house 207 07 

"Fox Island Poplar" 214 47 40 

Pile of brick, the ruins of a house 273 

Reference station 349 06 20 

REACH HAMMOCK. 



1 10 yards. 
% miles. 
lyi miles. 
■jyi miles. 
35 yards. 
[ . 43 meters. 



Locality. — South end and eastern side of Tangier Sound on Reach Hammock Island, which is 
located between Smith and Tangier islands about i mile east of Fishbone Island. (See Chart No. 9.) 
Observed station is on the northeastern end of a small marshy island known as Reach Hammock 
and is about 5 feet from the present shore line, which is rapidly washing away. It is close to a small 
fish fertilizer factory which stands on the island. Cement monument marking reference station is 9.10 
meters east by south of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is the center of a 6-inch tile pipe with top flush with surface of the 
ground. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Fox Island Poplar" (N 77° 04' E) 00 00 00 4>4' miles. 

Left corner of brick work of factory 85 07 _. 6. 68 meters. 

Right corner of brick work 97 12 .. 7.31 meters. 

Near corner of shed 109 03 ._ 18. 32 meters. 

Reference station 169 

Chimney of small house 185 

Left edge of house 208 

Right edge of roof of right-hand house 2 10 

Chimney of 2}4-stoTy house on Herring 

Island 236 

Tallest pine Smith Island 242 

Poplar near Horse 275 

"Janes Island Light" 314 

FISHBONE. 



32 30 



38 



9. 10 meters. 

45 yards. 
1)4 miles. 
i}4 miles. 

2 miles. 



39 . . 4X mUes. 

48 _. 5 miles. 

55 _. 6K miles. 



Locality. — Dividing waters of Chesapeake Bay and Tangier Sound on western side of Fishbone 
Island, which is located between Smith and Tangier islands. (See Chart No. 9.) 

Observed station is on marsh ground about 15 yards from shore to the west and about halfway 
between northern and southern extremities of island. The station is about level with high-water mark, 
but there is a slight elevation between station and shore and a small shanty stands about 20 yards to 
the southwest. Cement monument marking reference station is 10.08 meters south of observed station 
and about on line with shanty. 

Marks. — Observed station is a nail in stub flush with surface of ground. Reference station is 
center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° 

"Janes Island Light" (N 40° 34" E) 00 

"Fox Island Poplar" 39 

Chimney on house on Reach Hammock 58 

Reference station 158 

Near corner of shanty 159 

Chimney on 2 >2 -story house on Herring 

Island 306 

Peak of left house 349 

Stove pipe on flat roof shanty 356 



00 00 7X ™il6S. 

19 .. similes. 

49 .. iJ4 miles. 

30 50 10. 08 meters. 

49 _. 17.44 meters. 

32 -_ iX ru'lES. 

32 .. 200 yards. 

41 .. 200 yards. 



Survey of Ovstcr Bars^ Soinrrscf Cnim/v, Md. 49 

HORSE. 

Locality. — Wesl shore of Tangier Scmiul on east shore of Smith Island at point known as "Horse 
Hainnioek." (See Chart No. g.) 

Observed station is about lo yards off shore in 2 feet of water at low-tide, between shore and 
northernmost row of piling. Several trees stand on bank near station. Cement monument marking 
reference station is 27.12 meters west of observed station and 20 yards back from shore. 

Marks. — Observed station is stake in water. Reference station is center point of triangle on 
standard cement monument. 

Rcjcrences. — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (N 80° 19' E) 00 00 00 4X miles. 

Somers Cove Light i 30 00 6>4 miles. 

High pile 15 27 30 S. 41 meters. 

Fox Island Poplar 49 25 50 6 '4 miles. 

Left tangent of Smiths Island 106 45 .. 150 yards. 

Near corner of old cedar 146 02 ._ 32.42 meters. 

Blaze in tree 155 41 __ 14.21 meters. 

Blaze in tree 166 27 ._ 25. 92 meters. 

Reference STATION 174 15 30 27. 12 meters. 

Blaze in poplar 174 40 30 45. 74 meters. 

Pile extending above row of piles 309 oS __ 16. 66 meters. 

High pile 333 03 . . 9. 80 meters. 

Ice factory stack 355 07 .. 7X rniles. 

Fish factory stack 358 04 .. similes. 

JANES ISLAND LIGHT. 

Locality. — Tangier Sound off entrance to Little Annemessex River. (See Chart No. 9,) 
Marks. — Observed station is center of black lantern on hexagonal screw pile structure known as 
■'Janes Island Light." 

Rejercnces. — ° ' " 

"Solomons Lump Light" (N 42° 08' W) 00 00 00 73>8 miles. 

SOMERS COVE LIGHT. 

Locality. — Little Annemessex River at entrance to Crisfield Harbor. (See Chart No. 9.) 
Marks. — Observed station is center of spindle on top of black lantern on square screw jiile structure 
known as "Somers Cove Light." 

Rejercnces. — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (S 84° 41' W) 00 00 00 2, '--4 miles. 

EMMANUEL CHURCH. 

Locality. — City of Crisfield, about .'^ mile east of Crisfield Harbor. (Sec Chart Nn. 9.) 
Marks. — Observed station is center of steeple on church known as " Emmanuel Methodist Episcojial 
Church." 

References. — None necessary. 

MOUNT PLE.\SANT CHURCH. 

Locality. — City of Crisfield, about i mile from Crisfield Harbor. (See Chart No. 9.) 
Marks. — Observed station is center of steeple on brick church on Main street known as " Mount 
Pleasant Methodist Protestant Church." 
References. — None necessary. 

ASBURY CHURCH. 

Locality. — In town of Lawsonia, about i yi miles from Crisfield Harl lor. (See Chart No. 9.) 
Marks. — Observed station is center of very slender steeple 011 church known as " Asbury Methodist 
Episcopal Church. ' ' 

References. — None necessary. 

50095—08 7 



50 Survey of Oyster Bars, Soiiirrsrf Co/ii/h\ Md. 

BKACON. 

Localily. — Between Tangier and Poconioke sounds, on small island just rmrth of C.rcat Fox Island 
known as " House Island." (See Chart No. 9.) 

Observed station is about 100 yards south of extreme northern shore and aliout 30 yards from 
west shore of island. The shore of an inlet which makes into eastern side of island is about 15 feet 
northwest of observed station. Cement monument marking reference station is 4.12 meters west of 
observed station. , A temporary wooden beacon stands 0.40 meters south of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of a 6-inch tile pipe set in cement and projecting above ground 
about 6 inches. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

Note. — What was taken to be center mark of old " Beacon" of 1898 is a 2-inch iron pipe projecting 
above ground with three stubs projecting 3 feet above ground which were apparently used to support 
instrument. Wooden sills supported by lo-inch piles form a square with the 2-inch pipe in center. 
References at observed station. — ° ' " 

"'Janes Island Light" (N 11° 01' W) 00 00 00 3^ miles. 

Fish factory stack 22 49 __ 4X miles. 

"Asbury Church Spire" 51 32 15 6 miles. 

"Sam" 92 42 05 iX rniles. 

Chimney of highest building on Fox Island 171 16 __ i>^ miles. 

"Fox Island Poplar" 194 26 _- i mile. 

2-inch iron pipe ("Beacon 1898") 200 28 15 7. 26 meters. 

Wooden beacon 222 46 00 o. 40 meters. 

Reference STATION (cement monument)- 299 20 40 4. 12 meters. 

RcjocHces at 2-inch iroti pipe {"Beacon i8g8"). — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (N ii°oi' W) 00 00 00 3 3--4 miles. 

Fish factory stack 22 20 __ — _-- 4^' miles. 

"Ashbury Church Spire" 51 30 __ 6 miles. 

"Sam" 92 27 __ I X miles. 

Chimney on highest building on Fox Island 171 07 __ i>4 miles. 

"Fox Island Poplar" 194 23 .. i mile. 

Reference STATION (Cement monument) _ 353 13 50 8. 875 meters 

"Beacon" (Observed st.\tion) 20 35 00 7. 26 meters. 

Wooden beacon 19 26 __ 6. 89 meters. 

FOX ISLAND POPLAR. 

Locality. — Eastern shore of lower Tangier Sound on western side of Great Fox Island Libnul half- 
way between the northern and southern ends of the island. (See Chart No. 9.) 

Observed station is a very prominent lone Lombardy poplar situated on solid land about ' ,s mile 
inshore from Tangier Sound. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of a lone Lombardy jioplar tree. 

References. — None necessary. 

SAM. 

Localitv- — Western end and northern shore of Pocomoke Sound on north side of the entrance to 
Cedar Straits about ^-s mile north of Green Harbor Island. (See Chart No. 9.) 

Observed station is on marsh land between two clumps of water bushes about 10 yards hack frnni 
extreme high-water mark and 15 yards back from ordinary high-water mark. A slough passes about 
100 yards north of station and there are several pools 50 yards north of station. Cement monument 
marking reference station is 2.81 meters north of observed station. " Watkins Point" of the Maryland- 
Virginia boundary is in the water between "Sam" and Green Harbor Island. 

Marks. — Observed station is center of iron pipe projecting 4 inches above ground. Reference 
station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 



Siirz'cv of Ovstrr /y'ais, Soii/cisc/ Comity, Md. 51 

References. — o / // 

"Janes Island Light" (N 27° 30' \V) oo oo oo 4 miles. 

Fish factory stack 23 56 __ 4 miles. 

Ice factory stack 40 46 _. 4^4 miles. 

Reference ST.A.T10N 41 35 50 _>. 81 meters. 

East 95 03 __ 3 miles. 

Point of land 142 16 _. 50 yards. 

Left tangent of small island 175 18 __ . 300 yards. 

Right tangent of small island 202 59 ._ 300 yards. 

Left chimney on Fox Island 239 15 ., 1% miles. 

Chimney on middle of large building on Fox 

Island 1 241 08 -_ I ^ miles. 

"Fox Island Poplar" 253 24 .. i^ miles. 

Large clump of trees on Fox Island 264 21 _- iX miles. 

WATERMELON HUMMOCK. 

Locality. — Northern shore of Pocomuke vSound in midst of a large tract of marsli land lying Ijelween 
.'\l)cs Hole Creek and Broad Creek about 2\i miles southeast of Somers Cove Light. (See Cliarl No. 9.) 
Observed station is in midst of marsh near a clump of trees which stand about 25 yards to the 
north. It is about 150 yards southwest of a wide part of the upper end of Massey Creek. 
Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement inonnnienl. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Somers Cove Light" (N5i°3o'\V) 00 00 00 2j.'2 miles. 

Nail in blaze in pine 46 55 30 21. 00 meters. 

Nail in blaze in pine 83 47 30 11.36 meters. 

Cedar tree 235 19 _. 100 yards. 

"Fox Island Poplar" 278 51 __ 4J:( miles. 

EAST. 

Locality. — North shore of Pocomoke Sound between Apes Hole and Broad creeks on a dctaclu-d 
marsh jjoint on east side of entrance to Cow (iap Creek. (See Chart No. 9.) 

Oljserved station is on southerly part of a small marsh island separated about 200 yards from point 
of mainland. Water bushes cover northerly part of the island. Observed station is about 13 yards 
south of shore, 14 yards west of shore, 36 yards north of shore, and 5 yards east of shore. Cement 
iiK)mmient marking reference station is 6.38 meters southeast of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is a spike in a cement filled tile pipe with top even with surface of marsh. 
Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
References. — ° ' " 

"Janes Island Light" (N 62° 19' W) 00 00 00 5X '"iles. 

Fish factory stack 16 06 .. 4>4 miles. 

Somers Cove Light..! 20 18 00 3 >2 miles. 

Tall tree 40 27 __ i^ miles. 

Point of land east 143 19 __ 35 yards. 

Reference STATION 212 04 00 6. 38 meters. 

Pole at oyster house 277 12 __ 3^'^ miles. 

Right chimney of first house on Fox Island _ 298 31 __ 4^ miles. 

Point of land west 305 25 .. 200 yards. 

Cabin chimney 313 09 _. !'4 mile. 



52 Siiri'n' of Ovsfrr Bars, Somerset CoiDity, Aid. 

MONKEY. 

Localily. — North side of Pocomoke Sound on a small island known as " Watkins Island" off entrance 
to Apes Hole Creek. (See Chart No. g.) 

Observed station is in the middle of a small islet about 12 vards by 4 yards which is covered with 
marsh grass and awash at high water. It is very solid ground on to|> but soft beneath and island will 
probably be washed away in a few years. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
lycjcnnccs. — ° ' " 

"Scot" (N 77° 17' E) 00 00 00 3>:j miles. 

Chimney of Stirling's watch house 9 27 .. J^ mile. 

Left hand chimney of Matthews red roof 

house on Saxis Island 22 01 _. smiles. 

Chimney of shanty near "Mos" 68 46 _- 4X rn'lss. 

Ducking blind 134 36 -. 200 yards. 

Ducking blind 280 40 .. 200 yards. 

Peak of brown house 302 18 __ 2^ miles 

Windmill on barn 315 48 __ 23^ miles. 

Cupola of red house 336 49 .. 5 '4 miles. 

SCOT. 

Locality. — North shore of Pocomoke Sound on extreme soiuhern i)oint of marsh land lietween 
East and Marumsco creeks. (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is on a marsh point about 25 yards back from extreme end of point, 30 yards 
back from west side of point, and 20 yards from south side. It is surrounded by a thick and high 
clump of water bushes which extend along the shore to the eastward. There are no permanent reference 
objects near station. Cement monument marking reference station is 1 1 .66 meters northeast of observed 
station. 

Marks. — Observed station is an inverted spike in cement which is flush w'ith ground and covers 
the top of a 6-inch tile pipe. Reference station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rcjerences. — ° ' " 

"Old" (N 83° 00' E) 00 00 00 2X miles. 

First red house (near Oil) 30 17 __ i}i mW&s. 

2 J^-story white house 57 17 _- 2J.4 miles. 

Chimney on 4-gable house 70 31 _- 2)4 m\^^s. 

' " Saxis Church " 80 59 35 2^ ™>les. 

Chimney of Stirling's watch house 172 55 ._ 2^-2 miles. 

Large tree 181 32 .. 5 j< miles. 

Reference STATION 317 31 40 11. 66 meters. 

Chimney of brown house 314 56 __ 2^4 miles. 

Chimney of oyster house 358 57 __ 2,'/< miles. 

OLD. 

Localily. — North shore of Upper Pocomoke Sound on point of land halfway between Marumsco 
Creek (called " Old Johns Creek" on navigation charts) and Williams Point. (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is about 150 yards east of John T. Handy's wharf and about 15 feet back. It is 
on a narrow strip of marsh land which is wearing away by wave action, and thick water bushes stand 
east and west of station. Three large pine trees stand about Is mile north by east and several oyster 
houses about 200 yards to the west. Cement monument marking reference station is 1 1.57 meters north 
by east of observed station and about on line with largest of three large pines mentioned above. 

Marks. — Observed station is spike in cement which is flush with ground and covers the top of a 
h-inch tile pipe. Reference station is center jioint uf triangle on standard cement inniiunicnt. 



Sni-cU'v of Oys/cr Bais^ Sonicrsc/ Couiit\\ Md. 



53 



Rejcrences. — ° 

" Scot " (S 83° 02' W) 00 

Chimney of Richardson's oyster house i -' 

End of wharf 16 

Chimney of dwelling house '_ 37 

Largest of three pine trees. _ no 

Tree to right of three pine trees 112 

Reference station 112 

Chimney of dilapidated white house 162 

Nearest gable of first faded red roof house. _ 250 
Nearest end of peak of Matthew's house on 

Saxis Island 310 

Right tangent of Saxis Island 313 

WILL. 



2y2 miles. 

if-4' miles. 

150 yards. 

125 yards. 

X mile. 

].^ mile. 

I. 57 meters. 

250 yards. 

2 miles. 

2^4 miles, 
si's miles. 



Locality. — North shore of Pocomoke River on peninsula known as " Williams Point." (See Chart 
No. 10.) 

Observed station is on the highest i)art of Williams Point about ;' s mile nortli of extreme southern 
end of point and well back from both shores. A clump of bushes and two small cedar trees stand about 
40 yards to the north and two medium-sized cedar trees about 300 yards to the west. A drainage creek 
with mouth era easterly side of peninsula runs almost completely around observed station, passing aliout 
50 feet to the south. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 

"Old" (K 7i°i8'W) 00 

Cedar tree 7 

Persimmon tree 20 

Nail in blaze in cedar tree 133 

Cedar tree near "Oil" 297 

Cedar tree 357 



00 00 ij^ miles. 

33 - - 300 yards. 

24 .„ 320 yards. 

21 20 34. 30 meters. 

13 .. i}^ miles. 

55 .. 300 yards 



CUP. 



Locality- — Virginia side of Pocomoke River on solid land aliout J4 mile back from slmre and ' s mile 
from nearest bend of Holden Creek. (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is octagonal cupola on unpainted barn on land known as " jollv's .Neck Farm." 
P>arn stands near many cedar trees and south of another large imjiainted Ijuilding. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of top of cupola on barn. 

References . — None necessary. 

SUMMER. 

Locality. — South and Virginia shore of mouth of Pocomoke River about yi mile south of Williams 
Point, on point known locally as "Sand Bar Point." (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is on sandy part of marsh land about 20 feet back from high-water mark on north 
and west sides of point. There are no permanent reference marks near station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' " 

"Will" (N 7°o6'E) 00 

Chimney of large white house 15 

Large high tree 25 

Large high tree (opposite shore) 37 

Southerly chimney of large house 79 

Chimney on ell of red roof house 1 19 

First pine tree in half dozen or more 161 

Larger chimney of wdiite house tiear woods 199 

Federman's windmill 241 



GO 00 I;' .s miles. 

39 -_ 2X miles. 

42 -. 3 miles. 

08 ^. 2 miles. 

39 _. I X miles. 

48 _- yi mile. 

25 .- >2 mile. 

32 __ yi mile. 

II _ . \i mile. 



54 Survey of Oyster Bars^ Sotiierset County, Md. 

Peak of Federman's store 274 53 _- 3/,' mile. 

"Oil" 281 01 15 I mile. 

Lone tree 317 52 2 K miles. 

OIL. 

Locality. — South and Virginia shore of upper end of Pocomoke Sound on a point of land known a.s 
"Pig Point," located about i,'2 miles southwest of Williams Point. (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is on western side of a marsh point covered with sand about 2 feet above and 30 
feet east of ordinary high-water mark, 5 feet east of extreme high-water mark, 100 feet south of ordinary 
high-water mark, and about 3 feet south of extreme high-water mark. Water bushes skirt shore to east 
and north and sand beach curves to southwest. On next point about % mile southwest are two trees 
Cement monument marking reference station is 46.18 meters south of obser^'ed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is spike in center of 6-inch tile pipe filled with cement with lop llusli 
with surface. Reference station is center of triangle on standard cement monument. 
Rejerences. — ° ' 

" Will" (N 47° 10' E) 00 00 00 I >^ miles. 

Large lone tree 17 43 -- 2 >^ miles. 

Peak of roof of Federman's store 70 03 .. }/% mile. 

Chimney on oyster house 78 07 __ ''4 mile. 

Large tree 84 47 __ >4 mile. 

Windmill on Federman's bam 90 ig __ ^i' mile. 

Chimney outside of cabin 100 50 .. X ™il^- 

Persimmon tree 123 12 __ Ji mile. 

Reference STATION 137 50 40 46. 18 meters. 

Tree 179 50 __ J4' mile. 

Pointofland 186 10 .. 100 yards. 

"SaxisChurch" 193 28 .. 2 K miles. 

Wharf 209 32 .. 2^ miles. 

Chimney of white house 277 54 __ — .-- 2 >^ miles. 

Highest chimney in group of white houses. 290 20 -- iJ<J' miles. 

High long leaf pine 295 53 ._ 2 miles. 

Westerly end of barn 352 40 .- 2 miles. 

WHARF. 

Locality. — Southeast and \'irginia side of Pocomoke Sound about '2 mile offsliore of Saxis Island 
and about ji mile north-northwest of "Saxis Church." (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is on northwest end of house on detached pile structure called Saxis Pier. 
Marks. — Obser\'ed station is flag pole on northwest end of peak of pier house on Saxis Island ])ier 
Rejerences. — ■ o 1 n 

"SaxisChurch" (S 26° 10' E) 00 00 00 f^ mile. 

SAXIS CHURCH. 

Locality. — Southeast and Virginia shore of Pocomoke Soimd on solid land known as "Saxis Island" 
about 3X miles from shore of sound and '2' mile northeast of mouth of Starling Creek. (See Chart No. 10.) 

Marks. — Observed station is center point of spire on church known as Southern Methodist Hpisco|)al 
Church. 

Rejerences. — None necessary. 

MOS. 

Locality. — Eastern extremity of marsh land between Pocomoke Sound and Messongo Creek on a 
]ioint of land locally called " Fishing Point." (See Chart No. 10.) 

Observed station is on the western extremity of marsh point and about ' s mile east of the eastern 
extremity of a small island. Il is about 2 feet above and 8 feel back from ordinary high-water on north 



Sitrz'cr of Ovsfcr Heirs, Soiinrsr/ Ciuiiil\\ Md. 55 

side and 4s feet fiiim wcsti-iii ciul nf puinl. A cral)-|);u-kiiig sliaiily stands about S yards tu eastward 
of observed station. 

Marks. — Observed station is center [mint of triangle on standard cement nionunient. 
References. — o / » 

"Monkey" (N 35° 23' W) 00 00 00 4^ miles. 

Point of Island 33 01 .. l'^ mile. 

"Saxis Church" 82 06 10 2fi miles. 

Right edge of woods on Saxis Island 86 11 _. 2^2' miles. 

Left corner of crab house 98 58 .- 6. 74 meters. 

Right corner of crab house 128 43 „_ 6. 37 meters. 

Point of land on Burntwood Island 163 01 __ 2 miles. 

Chimney on shanty 301 38 ._ 200 yards. 

BOUNDARIES OF OYSTER BARS. 

EXPLANATION OF DESCRIPTIONS OF BOUNDARIES. 

The oyster bars of Somerset County are 37 in number, and their total area, as marked 
nut bv buovs placed by the hvdrographic engineer of the Commission, is 27,566 acres. 
As {)rovided by law, the boundaries of the oyster bars are all straight lines, but they 
inclose areas of all shapes from triangles to complicated fourteen-sided figures, and of all 
sizes from 3,083 acres to 10 acres." The sides vary in length from 130 to 6,800 yards, 
and in some cases the corners of the boundaries are practically at the triangulation 
stations from which they are located, while in other instances they are over 13,600 yards 
from the landmarks most available for the purpose of fixing their positions. 

The varied characteristics of the legal boundaries of the oyster bars indicated by 
the above statement, together with the complicated requirements of the law under 
which the survey has been made, and the magnitude of the work, with the consequent 
need of fixed and uniform methods, has made the problem of describing the boundaries 
one of considerable difficulty and iinportance. 

The boundaries of the oyster bars of Maryland, as established by the Shell Fish 
Commission and delineated on the Coast and Geodetic Survey charts and projections 
and on the leasing charts of the Commission, are technically defined and described by a 
method somewhat diff'erent from that used in other oyster surveys. But it is believed 
that the forms finally adopted will fulfill all needs of the survey for both the present and 
future. 

The descriptions have been arranged in tabular form, thus avoiding many hundred 
repetitions of the same words by making one explanation of the tables sufficient for all 
oyster bars in the county. 

At the top of each tabular form is given the legal naine of the oyster bar to be 
described, its general locality, and the serial number of the "Charts of Oyster Bars" of 
Maryland on which its legal boundaries are shown. 

The first column, under the heading of "Corner of bar," gives the number corre- 
s])onding to the corner of the boundary as shown on the charts and to the number on 
the buoy marking the actual corner of the bar. The numbers of the corners have been 
assigned by naming the southernmost point No. i, thence proceeding in a clockwise 
direction around the bar; but where a corner of one oyster bar is identical with the 

" Kor, similar statistics for other counties that have been surveyed, see Appendix C of this publi- 
cation. 



^6 Sun'r]' of Ovstci- Bars, Soiiicjsf/ Co/iiih', Md. 

corner of the boundaries of one or more other oyster bars, crab bottoms, or clam beds, 
only the number of the corner of the oyster bar being described in the table is given 
in this column. 

The second and third columns, under the headings of " Latitude " and "Longitude," 
give the geographic positions of the corners. These positions have been adopted by the 
Commission as the primary technical definition of the corners, and should be considered 
as final in case of a dispute arising from discrepancies caused by other means of location. 
The latitudes and longitudes given in these columns are based on the United States 
standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the points thus defined can be 
relocated from distant triangulation stations of the Survey, even though all the land- 
marks and buoys originally used for their location have been destroyed by natural causes 
or by acts' of vandals desiring to defeat the purposes of the oyster laws of Maryland. 

The fourth and fifth columns, under the general heading of "True bearing"" and 
the specific headings "Forward" and "Back," give bearings measured from a true north- 
and-south line. The three "Forward" bearings are from the corner of the boundary 
designated in the first column to the triangulation stations named on the corresponding 
lines in the last column, and the three " Back" bearings are from these same stations in 
the last column to the corresponding corner of boundary in the first column. The 
difference in minutes of arc between the forward and back bearings shown in some cases 
is actual and not accidental, and is due to the fact that the computations took into 
account the spheroidal shape of the earth. 

The sixth column, under the heading of "Distance," gives the three computed 
distances in yards from the corner of the bar noted in the first column to the three 
triangulation stations named on the corresponding lines in the last column, and vice versa. 

The seventh and last column, under the heading of "U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 
station,"'' gives the names of the landmarks from which were computed the correspond- 
ing "Latitude," "Longitude," "True bearing," and "Distance" of the "Corner of the 
bar" designated in the first column. A full description of the location and markings 
of these triangulation stations is given in another part of this publication, under the 
heading of "Description of triangulation stations." 

SURVEYING METHODS FOR RELOCATION OF BOI'NDARIES. 

There are a number of methods that can be used in the relocation of the actual 
boundaries of the natural oyster bars as technically described in this pubUcation and 
delineated on the published charts of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the leasing 
charts of the Shell Fish Commission. 

The following brief descriptions of five of these more or less different methods 
assume a certain amount of experience and knowledge on the part of the engineer in 
the particular kind of surveying under consideration, and are only intended as reminders 
of ways and means that can be used. 

There are two problems that are likely to present themselves to those interested in 
the boundaries of natural oyster bars. One, to determine whether the buoys marking 



« The mean magnetic variation of Somerset County for igo8 was 5° 30' west of north, and increasing 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 

6 Geographic positions of these triangulation stations can Vie olitained by application to the Super- 
intendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey at Washington. 



Survey of Ovs/rr Bars, Soun-rsct Coniil\\ Md. 57 

the corners have been dragged or otherwise moved from their correct positions, and the 
other, to relocate or reestabHsh a buoy at the point from which it was removed. The 
different ways of solving these two problems partly depend upon the instruments 
possessed b}- the engineer and his assistants and partly on his training and experience. 

(i) Triangulation. — This method is the one that will give the greatest accuracy, 
but on account of its requiring special data and instruments, and being an operation 
rarely used by engineers not engaged in geodetic sur\-eying, it is recommended only for 
cases in dispute that can not be settled satisfactorily by some other method. An 
explanation of this class of work would be too long for a report of this sort, and those 
not familiar with this method are referred to the publications on the subject by the 
Coast and Geodetic Survey. 

(2) Hydrographic. — This method is the most simple and satisfactory one that can 
be adopted if the surveyor can obtain the use of the necessary instruments and assistants. 
It is the one best suited for the work of the engineers of the Commission in relocating 
corners of boundaries, as it gives results of the accuracy ordinarily required and is rapid 
in execution. Besides, it has the advantage of being available whenever three triangu- 
lation stations of suitable relative positions are visible from the offshore points needing 
relocation. 

Most navigators and others familiar with the use of a sextant are well acquainted 
with the graphic three-point method of fixing a position on water, and only a brief 
description of the operation will be stated. 

In the case where there is only one engineer, having a single sextant, the three-point 
method can be used, but not until the two angles determining the position of any buoy 
have been derived from the "Forward bearing" given in the tabular forms describing 
the boundaries of the oyster bars. For example, take "Turtle Egg Island" bar, which 
is the first one described in this publication, and assume that "Corner No. 3," is to be 
examined as to its position. The angle between the two landmarks ".Senator" and 
"Deal Island Church" as determined from right to left from the forward bearings from 
this corner is 128° 39' and the angle between "Deal Island Church" and "Crab" is 
99° 30'. Having these two angles, the engineer proceeds to the buoy of doubtful location 
and measures the actual sextant angles between the landmarks for which the calcula- 
tions were made. If the measured and calculated angles do not agree the buoy is not 
in its correct position and the boundary corner must be relocated. This is accom- 
plished by moving the boat about until a point is reached where angles do agree, and 
this point being the desired location, the buoy can be placed in its correct position. 

If the engineer can obtain the use of both a sextant and a three-arm protractor 
("position finder"), the availability of the hydrographic method is increased, as the use 
of the protractor is essential in case of the washing away or destruction of one or more 
of the landmarks originally used in describing the boundaries. Under these circum- 
stances, any three landmarks of suitable relative positions that are visible from the 
point to be located can be utilized. For example, the engineer can proceed to the buoy 
of doubtful position and measure the two adjacent sextant angles between the three 
landmarks selected. These two angles are set off on the three-arm protractor and tin- 
actual position of the buoy plotted on the chart by shifting the protractor about until 
the edge of each of the three arms passes through the center of the symbols on (ho 
50095—08—8 



58 Siirrrv of Ovs/rr Bars, Soii/fisft C niiiity, Md. 

chart marking the position of the three landmarks selected. The center of the hub of 
the protractor will indicate on the chart the actual position of the buoy, and if the 
point thus obtained does not coincide with the true position of the corner of the bound- 
ary as gi\-en on the chart, the surveyor can proceed to locate the buoy correctly by 
reversing the operation. This is done by placing the center point of the hub of the 
protractor over the corner of the boundary in question and measuring on the chart the 
two adjacent protractor angles between the three selected landmarks. One of the 
angles thus obtained is set on the sextant and the boat moved about until the two land 
marks are shown by the sextant to subtend the same angle obtained from the pro 
tractor. The second angle is then placed on the sextant and the same operation gone 
through, and so on, first using one angle on the sextant then the other until a point is 
reached where both observed sextant angles are practically identical with the pro- 
tractor angles. The point thus located is the desired one and the buoy can be placed to 
mark the true position of the corner of the boundary in question. 

If the engineer possesses two sextants and a protractor, this problem is far easier 
of solution, as the two angles can be set off on separate sextants and the observer can 
quickly find the desired point where they agree with the protractor angles by using one 
sextant after the other without the need of resetting either. 

If there are two observ^ers, two sextants, and a protractor, it can be seen that the 
best conditions for both rapid and accurate hydrographic locations of points are attained; 
in fact, this is the method by which the buoys at the corners of the boundaries were 
originally placed by the hydrographic engineer to the Commission. 

(3) Magnetic bearings from offshore. — This method of fixing a position 'on water is 
a simple and well-known one in navigation. It is available to anyone having a boat 
compass and will be of special use to the State fishery force in investigating cases where 
buoys are supposed to have been moved for illegal purposes. 

In the case where a buoy is supposed to have been moved from its true position 
the observer takes compass bearings to the three landmarks given in the last column of 
the tables opposite the boundary corner in question. These bearings are then corrected 
for the local declination," and if the results agree with the pubHshed bearings the buoy 
is correctly located. 

In the case where the buoy is not in its correct position, or has disappeared alto- 
gether, the desired point can be determined by maneuvering the vessel until the cor- 
rected bearings agree with the ones in the tabular 'descriptions, when the buoy can be 
anchored in its proper location. 

In the case where the landmarks for which the bearings are published have been 
destroyed or washed away, any landmarks whose positions are indicated on the charts 
can be used by getting their bearings directly from the chart by parallel rulers or a pro- 
tractor and then applying them in the same manner as the ones published in the tables. 

(4) Magnetic bearings from shore.— This method will be of special value to engineers 
having an ordinary surveyor's compass. The compass can be set over the point mark 
ing a "triangulation station" on shore, the name of which is given in the last column 
opposite the "corner" in question. The instrument is then set at the corresponding 

"The mean iiiigneLic variation of Somerset County for 1908 was 5° 30' west of north and increasins 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 



59 



"back" bearing (corrected for local magnetic declination), given in the fourth column 
of the tables opposite the "corner" in question and on line with the name of the "sta- 
tion" being occupied. The direction thus determined will give one range on which 
the desired point must be located. The compass can then be moved to a second trian- 
gulation station and another range located in a similar manner. The intersection of 
these two range lines will give the desired point; but in general it should be checked 
by an additional range Hne determined from a third station. 

(5) Horizontal angles measured at landmarks. — This process is a modification of the 
triangulation method, and will be useful to engineers who have a transit and desire 
considerable accuracy. 

The instrument is placed over a " triangulation station," the name of which ajjpears 
in the last column of the tabular description opposite the "corner" in question. The 
telescope is then pointed to the landmark indicated in the " Descriptions of landmarks" 
as having a direction of 0° 00' 00" from the triangulation station being occupied by the 
transit. The tabular description of the boundaries is next examined and the "back" 
bearing of the questionable boundary "corner" from the landmark being occupied is 
taken out. The angle calculated from the "back" bearing and the bearing given in 
parentheses alongside the zero landmark in the "Descriptions of landmarks" is then 
set off on the transit, and a range line established on which the desired point must be 
located. A similar process is then carried on at a second station, and so on until the 
position of the buoy is satisfactorily fixed. 



BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS. 

TURTLE EGG ISLAND. 
{Upper Tangier Sound — Charts Nos. 5 and 7 ) 



Cor- 
ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


of 






station 


bar 






76-00 03.78 


Forward 

S 77 38 W 
S 12 54 W 
N 65 07 E 


Back 






I 


38 


05 49- 58 


N 77 38 E 
N 12 53 E 
S 65 09 W 


Yards. 

609 

6113 

5553 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump I,iglit 

Joshua. 


2 


38 


06 24. 78 


76 00 21.47 


S 5 22 \V N 5 22 E 
N 78 12 E S 78 14 W 
N 10 01 W S 10 01 E 


1323 
5629 
3400 


Miles. 

Joshua. 

Senator. 


3 


38 


08 42.38 


76 GO 20. 00 


S 26 01 W 

N 77 22 E 
N 22 08 W 


N 26 01 E 
S 77 24 w 
S 22 08 E 


1437 
5582 
3984 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 


4 


38 


08 37.36 


75 59 11-44 


N 69 02 E 
N 40 45 W 
S 65 28 W 


S 69 03 W 
S 40 46 E 
N 65 27 E 


3878 
5095 
2700 


Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 

Senator. 


5 


38 


05 ,57- 12 


75 59 10. 20 


S 79 13 w 

S 24 12 W 
N 60 02 E 


N 79 12 E 
N 24 II E 
S 60 03 W 


2059 
6812 
4168 


Miles 

Solomons Liunp Light 

Joshua. 



6o 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS Continued. 

MUD. 
{Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 5.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 






True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


















bar 








Forward 




Back 






I 


38 08 37. 36 


75 59 11-44 


N 
N 
S 


69 
40 
65 


02 

45 
28 


E 
W 
W 


S 
S 

N 


69 03 w 
40 46 E 
65 27 E 


Yards. 
3878 
5095 
2700 


Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 

Senator. 


2 


38 08 42. 38 


76 00 20. 00 


S 

N 

N 


26 
77 
22 


01 
22 
08 


W 
E 

W 


N 
S 
S 


26 01 E 

77 24 W 
22 08 E 


1437 
5582 
3984 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 


3 


38 09 06. 39 


76 00 41. 00 


S 

N 
N 


I 
86 
18 


56 
05 
06 


w 

E 
W 


N 

S 

s 


I 56 E 
86 07 W 
18 06 E 


2102 
6019 
3030 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 


4 


38 09 26. 74 


76 00 23. 48 


S 
S 

N 


10 

87 
32 


55 
10 
41 


W 
E 
W 


N 
N 
S 


10 55 E 
87 07 W 
32 41 E 


2838 
5546 
2607 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church. 

Crab. 


5 


38 09 53.08 


75 59 1800 


N 
S 
S 


67 
31 
72 


28 
50 
57 


w 
w 

E 


S 
N 

N 


67 29 E 
31 49 E 
72 58 W 


34" 
4325 
3970 


Crab. 

Senator. 

Deal Island Church. 



OLD ORCHARD. 

(Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 5.) 



I 


38 09 12.58 


75 


58 01.68 


N 83 29 E 
N 26 24 E 
S 61 51 W 


S 

s 

N 


83 30 w 
26 24 w 
61 53 E 


Yards. 

1775 
3064 
4893 


Deal Island Church. 

Haines. 

Senator. 


2 


38 fH) 15. 60 


75 


58 21. 20 


N 87 31 E 
N 35 27 E 
S 57 34 W 


s 
s 

N 


87 32 W 
35 28 W 
57 33 E 


2285 
3245 
4495 


Deal Island Church. 
Haines. 

Senator. 


3 


38 10 06. 90 


75 


58 19. 19 


S 42 53 W 
S 53 49 E 

i\ 63 27 E 


N 

N 

s 


42 52 E 
53 49 W 
63 28 W 


5651 
2761 
2044 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church 

Haines. 


4 


38 10 09. 70 


75 


57 15-91 


N 9 57 E 
N 83 20 W 
S 17 31 E 


s 
s 

N 


9 58 W 
83 17 E 

17 31 w 


831 
6445 
1809 


Haines. 

Crab. 

Deal Island Church. 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS Continued. 

HAINES. 
{Upper Tangier Sound — Cliart No. 5.) 



61 



cor. 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 




of 
bar 


Forward 


Back 


station 


I 


38 10 06. go 


75 58 I9-I9 


s 
s 

N 


42 53 W 
53 49 E 
63 27 E 


N 42 52 E 
N 53 49 W 
S 63 28 W 


Yards. 
5651 
2761 
2044 


Senator. 

Deal Island Church, 

Haines. 


2 


38 II 13- 65 


75 58 16.39 


N 
S 

s 


39 44 W 
73 37 W 
52 40 E 


S 39 45 E 
N 73 35 E 
N 52 40 W 


2367 
4993 
2206 


Sharkfin Shoal Liglit 

Crab, 

Haines. 


3 


38 12 08.36 


75 57 32. 19 


s 

N 
N 


46 31 E 
61 58 E 
13 21 E 


N 46 30 W 
S 62 00 W 
S 13 22 W 


2365 
6723 
4252 


Room. 
White. 
Frog. 


4 


38 1 1 16. 19 


75 57 05- 79 


S 

N 
N 


5 03 W 

82 39 E 

2 43 E 


N 5 03 E 
S 82 39 W 
S 2 43 w 


1429 
1023 
5903 


Haines. 
Room, 
Frog. 


5 


38 10 46. 46 


75 57 43- 66 


S 
S 

s 


85 02 W 
23 24 E 
64 30 E 


N 85 00 E 
N 23 24 W 
N 64 30 W 


5683 

3230 

978 


Crab. 

Deal Island Church. 

Haines. 


6 


38 10 09. 70 


75 57 15-91 


N 
N 
S 


9 57 E 
83 20 W 
17 3J E 


S 9 58 w 
S 83 17 E 
N 17 31 W 


831 
6445 
1809 


Haines. 

Crab. 

Deal Island Church. 



HALLS POINT. 
{Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 5.) 





/ 


/ // 





/ 


Yards. 






I 


38 11 16. 19 


75 57 05. 79 


S 5 03 W 
N 82 39 E 

N 2 43 E 


N 5 03 E 
S 82 39 W 

S 2 43 w 


1429 
1023 
5903 


Haines. 

Room 

Frog. 




2 


38 12 08.36 


75 57 32- 19 


S 46 31 E 
N 61 58 E 
N 13 21 E 


N 46 30 W 
S 62 00 w 
S 13 32 w 


2365 
6723 
4252 


Room. 
White. 
Frog. 




3 


38 12 22.96 


75 57 04-02 


S 24 30 E 
N 62 46 E 
N 3 39 E 


N 24 30 W 
S 62 48 w 
S 3 39 W 


2330 
5830 
3653 


Room. 
White. 
Frog 




4 


38 12 10. 72 


75 55 55-59 


N 47 32 E 
N 21 22 W 
S 26 35 W 


S 47 33 W 
S 21 22 E 

N 26 35 E 


4560 
4357 
1909 


White. 
Frog- 
Room. 




5 


38 II 52.57 


75 55 45- 84 


N 40 04 E 


S 40 05 w 


4824 


White. 










N 21 34 W 
S 45 28 W 


S 21 35 E 
N 45 28 E 


5022 
1563 


Frog. 
Room. 




6 


38 11 47.98 


75 56 30.40 


S 4 22 E 

N 48 07 E 

N 7 48 W 


N 4 22 W 
S 48 09 W 
S 7 49 E 


944 
5762 
4870 


Room. 

White. 
Frog. 





62 



Siin'cy of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — continued. 

ROCK CREEK. 

{Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 5.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


u. s. c. 


& G. S. triangulation 








station 


bar 






Forward 


Back 










, // 


, 


/ 


, 


Yards. 






I 


38 12 11.80 


75 55 >9-92 


S 45 58 W 
N 89 35 E 
N 38 27 E 


N 45 57 E 
S 89 36 W 
S 38 28 w 


2509 
3363 
3884 


Room. 
Short. 

White. 




2 


38 12 17.40 


75 55 28.62 


S 39 07 W 

S 87 23 E 
N 42 51 E 


N 39 07 E 
N 87 20 W 
S 42 52 W 


2492 
3598 
3892 


Ill 




3 


38 12 20.98 


75 55 15-54 


S 43 05 W N 43 04 E 
S 84 59 E N 84 57 W 
N 40 04 E S 40 05 W 


2812 
3259 
3572 


Room. 
Short. 
White. 





EVANS. 
{Entrance to Wicomico River — Chart No. 5.) 








, „ 







, 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 


12 II. 13 


75 


55 00. 80 


N 89 04 E 
N 31 53 E 
S 53 20 W 


S 89 05 W 
S 31 54 W 
N 53 20 E 


2854 
3610 
2883 


Short. 
White. 
Room. 


2 


38 


12 36.31 


75 


54 44- 50 


S 46 54 W 
S 71 39 E 

N 33 37 E 


N 46 53 E 
N 71 38 W 
S 33 38 W 


3762 
2550 
2661 


Room. 
Short. 
White. 


3 


38 


12 50.97 


75 


53 52- 7* 


S 38 49 E 
N 89 20 E 
N 3 14 E 


N 38 49 W 
S 89 20 W 

S 3 14 w 


1664 

1755 
1725 


Short. 

Great Shoals Liglit. 

White. 


4 


38 


12 38.84 


75 


53 10-40 


S 5 22 w 

N 55 41 E 
N 25 48 W 


N 5 22 E 

s 55 41 w 

S 25 48 E 


892 

761 

2367 


Short. 

Great Shoals Light. 

White. 


5 


38 


12 24. 72 


75 


53 38- 75 


S 58 26 E 
N 56 47 E 
N 6 02 W 


N 58 26 W 
S 56 48 W 
S 6 02 E 


787 
1652 
2621 


Short. 

Great Shoals Light. 

White. 



BUOY. 
{Entrance Wicomico River — Chart No. 5.) 








, „ 


, « 


/ 


, 


Yards. 


I 


38 


12 30.79 


75 52 38.34 


S 73 13 E 
N 17 45 W 
S 56 38 w 


N 73 12 W 
S 17 45 E 
N 56 38 E 


1765 Dove. 
736 Great Shoals Light. 
112 1 Short. 


2 


38 


12 45.82 


75 52 36.80 


N 53 50 W 
S 41 02 w 
S 58 21 E 


S 53 50 E 
N 41 01 E 

N 58 21 W 


328 Great Shoals Light. 
1489 Short. 
1938 Dove. 


3 


38 


12 48.43 


75 52 23.80 


N 80 10 W 

S 47 31 w 

S 49 43 E 


S 80 10 E 
N 47 31 E 
N 49 43 W 


620 Great Shoals Light. 
1795 Short. 
1708 Dove. 


4 


38 


12 32.26 


75 52 22. 18 


N 45 oS W 
S 64 00 W 
S 66 04 E 


S 45 08 E 
N 64 00 E 
N 66 04 W 


923 Great Shoals Light. 
1520 Short. 
1376 Dove. 



Siiii'rv of Ovslcr Bars, Somrrsr/ Couiit\\ Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — continued. 

WINGATE. 

(Lower Wicomico River — Chart .\o. 5.) 



63 



Cor- 


. I 


^atitudc 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


of 

bar 


Forward 


Back 


station 







, 


, 


, 


, 


Yards. 




I 


38 


14 01.31 


75 5' 58.41 


N 70 14 E 
N 38 53 E 
N 3. 47 W 


S 70 14 w 
S 38 53 W 
S 31 47 E 


379 
2099 
1307 


Wind. 

Holland. 

Ella. 


2 


38 


14 05. 12 


75 52 02.63 


S 5i 19 E 

N 43 31 E 
N 30 23 W 


N 61 19 W 
S 43 32 W 
S 30 22 E 


536 
2077 
U38 


Wind. 

Holland. 

Ella. 


.3 


38 


14 2 1. 26 


75 51 40- 50 


N 41 12 E 
N 69 23 W 
S 8 26 W 


S 41 12 W 
S 69 24 E 
N 8 26 E 


1277 

1245 
810 


Holland. 

Ella. 

Wind. 


4 


38 


14 12.82 


75 51 33- 60 


N 27 50 E 
N 61 48 W 
S 30 21 w 


S 27 50 W 
S 61 49 E 
N 30 21 E 


1409 
1529 
598 


Holland. 

Ella. 

Wind. 



MOUNT VERNON WHARF. 
(Middle Wicomico River — Chart No. 5.) 








, 


/ 


, 


■ 
, 


Yards. 




I 


38 


15 10. 22 


75 48 29. 18 


S 77 45 E 
N 6 01 W 
S 81 02 W 


N 77 44 W 
S 6 01 E 
N 81 02 E 


175 
434 
1138 


Walnut. 

End. 

Jones. 


2 


38 


15 >3-76 


75 48 30- 30 


N 50 26 W 
S 74 50 W 
S 52 02 E 


S 50 26 E 

N 74 50 E 
N 52 02 W 


1342 
"34 
254 


Creek. 

Jones. 
Walnut. 


3 


38 


15 15- 14 


75 48 19.08 


N 49 44 W 

S 76 09 W 

■ S 25 44 W 


S 49 44 E 
N 76 09 E 

N 25 44 E 


411 

1435 
225 


End. 

Jones. 

Walnut. 


4 


38 


15 18. 76 


75 48 09.97 


N 75 29 W 
S 74 07 W 
S 46 18 w 


S 75 29 E 
N 74 06 E 
N 46 18 E 


574 
1701 
470 


End. 

Jones. 

Walnut. 


5 


38 


15 14. 18 


75 48 08.56 


N 63 19 W 
S 79 28 W 
S 65 41 W 


S 63 19 E 

N 79 28 E 
N 65 41 E 


665 
1702 
414 


End. 

Jones. 

Walnut. 



64 



Sumcy of Oyster Bars, Sotiiersrl Coiiii/r, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — continued. 

GEORGES. 

(Middle Manokin River — Charts Nos. 5 afid 7.) 



Cor- 








True bearing 






ner 


Latitude 


Longitude 








Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. tria 


of 
bar 




Forward 


Back 


station 




, 


/ // 




, 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 07 34.98 


75 50 5158 


S 

N 
N 


61 04 E 

13 42 E 
53 58 W 


N 61 02 W 
S 13 42 W 
S 53 58 E 


4965 
2314 
1054 


Fairmount Church 

Jean. 

St. Pierre. 


2 


38 07 37.55 


75 51 "9-09 


S 

N 
N 


62 39 E 
35 54 W 
68 19 W 


N 62 37 W 
S 35 54 E 
S 68 20 E 


5417 

659 

3245 


Fairmount Church 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 


3 


38 08 15.04 


75 50 56-73 


S 
S 

N 


44 25 W 
71 55 E 
37 21 E 


N 44 25 E 
N 71 55 W 
S 37 22 W 


1023 
2350 
1 130 


St. Pierre. 

Staff. 

Jean. 


4 


38 08 41:22 


75 50 12.44 


N 
S 
S 


88 14 W 
33 12 E 
78 31 E 


S 88 14 E 
N 33 II W 
N 78 30 W 


492 
1927 
2791 


Jean. 
Staff. 
Sandy. 


5 


38 08 46. 80 


75 50 02.99 


s 
s 
s 


76 56 W 
24 03 E 
60 07 E 


N 76 56 E 
N 24 02 W 
N 60 07 W 


766 
1972 
2594 


Jean. 
Staff. 
Cupola. 


6 


38 08 42. 06 


75 49 27.21 


s 
s 
s 


89 33 W 
62 07 W 

5 n w 


N 89 33 E 
N 62 05 E 

N 5 13 E 


1698 

3508 
1647 


Jean. 

St. Pierre. 

Staff. 


7 


38 08 22.52 


75 49 17-98 


N 

s 
s 


71 37 W 
21 56 W 
65 43 E 


S 71 38 E 
N 21 56 E 
N 65 43 W 


2054 
1059 
1153 


Jean. 
Staff. 
Cupola. 


8 


38 08 22.89 


75 48 50.33 


s 
s 

N 


48 42 W 
32 51 E 
83 32 E 


N 48 42 E 
N 32 51 W 
S 83 33 W 


1507 
579 

551 


Staff. 

Cupola. 

Sandy. 


9 


38 08 18.77 


75 48 36.40 


s 
s 

N 


60 21 W 
9 19 W 

41 21 E 


N 60 21 E 
N 9 19 E 
S 41 21 W 


1729 
352 
268 


Staff. 

Cupola. 

Sandy. 


10 


38 08 13.78 


75 48 46- 70 


s 
s 

N 


60 47 W 
50 31 E 
50 42 E 


N 60 46 E 
N 50 31 W 
S 50 42 W 


1407 
282 
583 


Staff. 

Cupola. 

Sandy. 


II 


38 08 16. 22 


75 49 44-00 


N 
S 

s 


55 34 W 
73 49 VV 
21 08 E 


S 55 34 E 
N 73 48 E 
N 21 08 W 


1517 

2762 

825 


Jean. 

St. Pierre. 

Staff. 


12 


38 08 07. 26 


75 50 47- 14 


s 

N 

s 


64 16 W 
20 20 E 
76 43 E 


N 64 16 E 
vS 20 20 W 
N 76 43 W 


1078 
1237 
2034 


St. Pierre. 

Jean. 

Staff. 



S/t /'!•{■]' of ()vstci- Bivs^ Somerset Coiiii/v, Md. 



65 



BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

SOUTHWEST MIDDLEGROUND. 

(Chesapeake Bay — Off Smith Island — Charts \os. 6 and S.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


I.ongitude 




True bearing 






U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


bar 


Forward 




Back 




Yards. 
12019 
11802 
1 25 10 


station 


I 


7,7 .S8 56. 46 


76. 10 01.95 


s 

N 

N 


87 36 E 
70 20 E 

33 <H E 


N 
S 
S 


87 31 

70 24 
33 07 


W 
W 
W 


Old Church (Smith Island). 

Joseph. 

Holland Island Bar LighL 


2 


38 OI 24.82 


■76 10 20.36 


S 
S 

N 


66 14 E 
8449 E 
53 >" E 


N 
N 
S 


66 09 

84 44 
53 13 


W 

w 
\v 


13658 
"653 
9142 


Old Church (Smith Island). 

Joseph. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 


3 


38 00 48. 20 


76 08 02. 85 


S 

N 


64 10 E 
88 43 E 
^8 33 E 


N 
S 
S 


64 07 
88 46 
^8 34 


w 
w 
w 


9810 
7940 
7642 


Old Church (Smith Island). 

Joseph. 

Holland Island Bar Ligln. 


4 


37 59 ^5 9-' 


76 07 29. 61 


S 
N 
N 


79 18 E 
67 17 E 
16 IS E 


S 
S 


19 15 
67 20 
16 16 


w 
w 
w 


8083 

7643 
9882 


Old Church (Smith Islandj. 

Joseph. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 



KEDGE STR.A.ITS. 
{Chesapeake Hay — Ufj Kcdge Straits — Chart No. 6.) 



I 38 02 59. 23 


76 05 


02.83 


S 

s 

N 


67 

88 
26 


03 
09 
34 


E 
E 
W 


N 
N 
S 


67 01 W 
88 07 W 
26 34 E 


Yards. 
4415 
6613 
2566 


Fog. 

Solomons Liunp Light. 

Holland Island liar Liglit. 


2 38 03 44. 58 


76 05 


^7-95 


s 
s 


55 
76 
31 


28 
33 
59 


E 
E 
W 


N 
N 
S 


55 -'6 W 
76 30 W 
3' 59 E 


5735 
7485 
902 


Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 


3 38 04 06.44 


76 04 


14.42 


N 

s 

S 


89 
34 
64 


20 
5" 
59 


W 
E 
E 


S 

N 


89 21 E 
34 48 W 
64 5 7 W 


2438 
4858 
5869 


Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Liglit. 


4 38 03 27,. 36 


76 04 


01. 96 


S 

s 
s 


16 

43 
78 


38 
55 
21 


E 
E 
E 


N 
N 
N 


16 38 W 
43 54 W 
78 19 W 


5279 
3519 
5092 


Joseph. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 



OYSTER CREEK. 

{Outer Kedge Straits — Chart No. 6.) 








/ 









/ 











, 









, 




Yards. 










I 


38 


"3 


41 


17 


76 


02 


30 


87 


S 


80 




23 
14 


vv 

E 


S 

N 


80 



14 


E 
W 


5272 
3138 


Holland Isl 
Fog- 


.ind 


B 


ir Light. 




















S 


57 


31 


E 


N 


57 


30 


W 


3033 


Solomons I 


uni 


) 1 


ight. 


2 


38 


04 


09 


14 


76 


04 


01 


30 


s 


88 


43 


W 


N 


88 


42 


E 


2789 


Holland Isl 


and 


Bar Light. 




















s 


30 


43 


E 


N 


30 


42 


VV 


4745 


Fog. 


























s 


62 


38 


E 


N 


62 


36 


vv 


5595 


Solomons I 


UIU 


. 1 


ight. 


3 


38 


04 


34 


32 


76 


04 


32 


26 


s 
s 


65 

33 


05 

24 


W 
E 


N 
N 


65 

33 


04 

24 


E 
W 


2164 
5903 


Holland Isl 
Fog. 


md 


B 


r Liglit. 




















s 


59 


26 


E 


.N 


59 


24 


W 


6730 


Solomons^ I 


uni| 


5 I 


ight. 



50095 — 08- 



66 



Snrxry of Ov^tcr Bars, S()ii/rrsrt Couiily, Md. 

KOUNDARIES OF NATURAT, OYSTHR liAKS -COllUmicd. 
OYSTER CREEK— Continued. 



4 38 04 40. 76 76 04 I |. 



5 38 05 10. 20 



S 65 04 \\' 
.S 28 28 E 
S 55 41 E ■ 



6 38 05 01 . g8 



76 03 40. 24 S 61 10 W 
S 17 38 E 
S 45 21 E 



7 ] 38 04 29. 16 76 03 45. 49 



8 38 04 13- 84 76 



•49 



»S 77 04 W N 77 02 E 

S 22 50 E N 22 50 \V 

S 54 28 E N 54 27 W 

vS 87 31 W N 87 29 E 

S I 50 E N I 50 W 

S 44 28 E , N 44 27 W 



° ' Yards. 

N 65 03 E 2677 

N 28 27 \V 5840 

N 55 39 \V 6452 



S 52 53 W N 52 52 E 3516 
S 21 25 E N 21 24 \V 6593 
S 46 56 E N 46 54 W 6780 



N 61 08 E 3823 
N 17 37 \V 6150 
N 45 20 W 6195 



3293 
SI 60 

5587 

5080 
4241 
3826 



Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. . 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog- 
Solomons Luni]i Light. 



MUSSEL HOLE. 
{Middle Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 



I 


38 02 36. 76 


75 59 41 02 


N 
N 
S 


10 41 w 
74 37 W 
35 44 E 


S 
S 

N 


10 41 E 
74 38 E 
35 43 W 


Yards. 
6483 
2045 
4150 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Terrapin. 


2 


.vS 02 44.. S3 


76 00 05. 88 


N 
X 
S 


5 05 W 
77 56 W 
40 22 E 


S 

s 

N 


5 03 E 
77 57 E 
40 21 \\ 


8320 
1337 
4766 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump Light. , 

Terrapin. 


3 


38 03 07.81 


75 59 52-42 


N 
N 
S 


31 17 E 
9 34 W 
73 09 W 


S 

s 

N 


31 19 W 
9 35 E 
73 09 E 


91 18 
5399 

1742 


Joshua. 

Miles. 

Solomons Limip Light. 


4 


38 03 40.94 


75 59 32- 90 


N 
S 
S 


18 38 W 
53 27 W 
21 45 E 


S 

N 
N 


18 38 E 
53 27 E 
21 44 W 


4440 
2723 
5957 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Terrapin. 


5 


38 05 49.58 


76 00 03. 78 


s 

S 

N 


77 38 W 
12 54 W 
65 07 E 


N 
N 
S 


77 38 E 
12 53 E 
65 09 W 


609 
6113 

5553 


Miles. 

Solomons Lmnp Light. 

Joshua. 


6 


38 05 57. 12 


75 59 10. 20 


s 

s 


79 13 W 
24 12 W 
60 02 E 


N 
N 
S 


79 12 E 
24 II E 
60 03 W 


2059 
6812 
4168 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Joshua. 


7 


38 02 50.94 


75 58 .34-94 


N 
N 

s 


26 41 W 

89 00 \V 

9 44 E 


s 
s 

N 


26 42 E 

89 02 E 

9 44 W 


6596 
3734 
3904 


Miles. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Terrapin. 



Siijvcv of (h's/cr A'a/s, Soii/crsc/ Co/nifv, Md. 



67 



BOUNDARIES OF NATURAIv OYSTER BARS — continued. 

CHAIN SHOAL. 

{Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 



Tnie bearing 



Distance 



U. S. C. & O. S. trianijiilu 



I ! 38 05 54.32 



75 5« 05- 33 N 40 
N 43 
S 85 



38 06 41.67 I 75 58 29.59 S 77 

1 N 52 

S 58 



3 3« <>7 49-53 



75 58 '3-7" N 82 
S 40 
S 50 



38 07 49. 58 75 58 08. 32 N 83 

S 41 

S 48 

^8 07 49. 36 ] 75 57 48. 36 N S3 

S 45 

S 40 

38 06 20. 9ri 75 57 51.84 N 50 

N 52 

S 73 

^8 06 02.66 I 75 57 29.40 N 26 

I N 51 

S 83 



46 



S 40 52 w 
S 43 58 E 
X 85 28 E 

N 77 06 \V 
S 52 07 E 

N 58 42 E 

S 83 00 E 
N 40 1 1 . E 
N 50 56 \V 

Is 83 16 E 
N 41 18 E 
N 48 55 W 



Yards. 
2877 Joshua. 
6077 Senator. 
3763 Miles. 

2594 j Josliua. 
4525 Senator. 

3633 I Miles. 



S 

N 


83 53 E 
45 13 E 
40 01 \V 


S 
S 

N 


50 01 W 

52 47 E 
73 52 E 


S 
S 

N 


26 02 W 
51 40 E 
83 04 E 



4024 

5466 



4167 

5561 
2603 

4695 
5920 
2224 



5748 
4279 



6599 

4744 



Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 

Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 

Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 

Joshua. 
Senator. 
Miles. 

Joshua. 
Senator. 
Miles. 



PINEY ISLAND WEST. 
(Middle Tangier Sound — Chaii No. 7.) 




68 



Stirr'fv of Oyster h'ais, Soii/rrsc/ Coii)ih\ Md. 



BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

PINEY ISLAND SWASH. 

(LoMcer Manokin River — Chart A'o. 7.) 



Cor- 




of 


Latitude 


bar 






/ 


I 


38 06 30. 82 


2 


38 06 40. 44 


3 


38 06 55.34 


4 


38 07 20. 78 


5 


■ 38 07 54. 55 



75 .55 43- 81 



75 56 "3- 80 



75 55 50. 46 



75 55 27.89 



75 53 44- 94 



True bearing 



N 51 16 E S 51 18 W 
N 27 og E S 27 08 W 
i\ 63 23 W S 63 24 E 



U. S. C. & G. S. triangulatii 



N 57 07 E , S 
N ^^6 29 E S 
N 6s 22 W S 



57 OS \V 
S6 28 W 
6s 25 E 



^ 59 39 fc 
N 36 43 E 
N 86 02 W 

N 65 32 E 
N 37 32 E 
S 72 I- W 



S 59 41 \V 
S 36 44 W 
S 86 01 E 

S 65 33 W 
S 37 32 W 
N 72 16 E 



S 89 25 E N 89 21 \V 
N 61 07 E S 61 07 W 
N 67 43 \V S 67 44 E 



6 38 07 37. 14 7.S 53 26. 26 



E 

45 E 



N 

N -, .. - 
N 58 38 W 



S 80 7,0 W 
S 27 ^5 W 
S 58 37 E 



7 I 38 06 40. 66 



38 06 59. 58 



75 54 52.43 N 43 15 E S 43 16 W 

N 7 00 E S 7 00 W 

N 79 19 W S 79 20 E 

7S 5S 20. s5 N 56 02 E S 6s 05 W 

N 24 so E , S 24 49 W 

S 89 27 W ; N 89 26 E 



y 'ards. 

5513 Marsh 

3826 Kelley. 

21 1 1 Joshua. 

S756 Marsh. 

3832 Kelley. 

1 49 1 Joshua. 

5201 Marsh. 

3216 Kelley. 

1 7 15 Joshua. 

4260 Marsh. 
2170 ! Kelley. 

2427 Joshua. 

3765 I St. Pierre. 

1296 Marsh. 
1534 I Kelley. 

3313 St. Pierre. 
1369 Marsh. 
2256 Kelley. 

4279 Marsh. 

3096 Kelley. 

3314 Joshua. 

4439 Marsh. 

2683 Kelley. 

2508 Joshua. 



SANDY POINT. 
{Middle Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 








, 









, 











, 









, 




Yards. 




I ■ 


38 


08 


08. 


44 


75 


48 


27 


90 


N 


70 


53 


E 


s 


70 


53 


\V 


2070 


Green 












, 








N 


5 


09 


W 


s 


5 


09 


E 


553 


Sandy. 




















N 


89 48 


W 


s 


89 48 


E 


283 


Cupola 


2 


38 


08 


13- 


78 


75 


48 46 


70 


S 


60 


47 


w 


N 


60 


46 


E 


1407 


Staff. 




















s 


50 


31 


E 


N 


50 


31 


W 


282 


Cupola. 




















N 


50 


42 


E 


s 


50 


42 


W 


583 


Sandy. 


3 


38 


08 


18 


77 


75 


48 


36 


40 


S 


60 


21 


W 


N 


60 


21 


E 


1729 


Staff. 




















S 


9 


19 


W" 


N 


9 


19 


E 


352 


Cupola 




















N 


41 


21 


E 


S 


41 


21 


W 


268 


Sandy. 


4 


38 


08 


16 


04 


75 


48 


08 


80 


\ 


74 


07 


E 


s 


74 


I' 7 


W 


IS02 


Green. 




















X 


62 


18 


W 


s 


62 


18 


E 


631 


Sandy. 




















s 


72 


08 


W 


\ 


72 


08 


E 


832 


Cupola 


5 


38 


08 


10 


17 


75 


48 


07 


23 


N 


66 


13 


E 


s 


66 


14 


W^ 


1536 


Green. 




















N 


50 


43 


W 


s 


50 


43 


E 


775 


Sandy. 




















S 


86 


04 


w 


N 


86 


04 


E 


836 


Cupola 



Siir'i'rv of Ovs/fi- lulls, Soiiirrsrf Coitii/v, Md. 

nouNDARiEs OK N.ATi'K.XL OYSTER BARS — continued. 

CORMAL. 

(Middle Manokin Rivcr^Cbart No. 7.) 



69 



Cor-i 
ncr 


I.atitucif 


I..<ngitu<k. 


True bearing 


Dktance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulatioii 


bar 


iHirward 


Back 


station 




, 


Yards. 




I 


.^8 "7 3>V 63 


75 50 42.00 


S 60 03 E 

N 70 06 E 
N 7 16 E 


N 60 01 W 
S 70 07 w 
S 7 16 W 


4720 
1959 
-'313 


Fairniount Church. 

Staff. 

Jean. 


_, 


38 07 34- 9S 


75 50 51-5''* 


S 61 04 E 


N 61 02 W 


4965 


Fairniount Church 








N 13 42 E 
N 53 58 W 


S 13 4-^ \V 
S 53 58 E 


2314 
1054 


Jean. 

St. Pierre. 


3 


38 08 07. 26 


7,S 30 47- 14 


S O4 16 W 
\ 2u 20 E 
S 70 43 E 


N 64 16 E 
S 20 20 \v 
X 76 43 VV 


1078 
1237 
2034 


St. Pierre. 

Jean. 

Staff. 


4 


38 08 16. 22 


75 49 44-'>" 


X 55 34 W 
S 73 49 \\' 
S 21 08 E 


S 55 34 E 
N 73 48 E 
N 21 08 W 


I 517 

2762 

8 -'5 


Jean. 

St. Pierre. 

Staff. 


,S 


38 08 13. 78 


75 48 46. 70 


S 60 47 W 
S 50 31 E 
N 50 42 E 


N 60 46 E 
N 50 31 \V 
S 50 42 W 


1407 
282 
583 


Staff. 

Cupola. 

Sandy. 


6 


38 07 59. So 


75 49 18. 2Jl 


N 74 32 E 
N 56 53 E 
S 60 59 W 


S 74 33 W 
S 56 53 W 
N 60 59 E 


1098 
1538 
445 


Cupola. 
Sandy. 
Staff. 


7 


38 08 08.57 


75 49 ^9- -8 


S 80 27 W 
S 10 28 W 
S 89 51 E 


N 80 26 E 
N 10 28 E 
N 89 51 \V 


3087 
521 
1352 


St. Pierre. 

Staff. 

Cupola. 


8 


38 08 09. 18 


75 49 54-96 


S 47 56 E 
N 76 59 E 
N 41 13 W 


N 47 55 W 
S 77 00 W 
S 41 13 E 


794 
2329 
1457 


Staff. 

Sandy. 

Jean. 


9 


38 08 05. 77 


75 49 58. 00 


S 58 07 E 
N 74 46 H 

N 35 58 W 


N 58 07 VV 
S 74 47 W 
vS 35 59 E 


790 

2435 
1499 


Staff. 

Sandy. 

Jean. 


U) 


38 oS 00. 34 


75 49 53- 88 


S 67 21 E 
N 35 20 W 
S 84 2i \\ 


N 67 20 W 
S 35 -^i E 
N 84 23 E 


607 
1708 
24,02 


Staff. 
Jean. 
St. Pierre. 


1 1 


38 07 52. 81 


75 50 00. 00 


N 88 26 E 
N 26 36 W 
N 89 30 W 


S 88 26 W 
vS 26 37 E 
S 89 31 E 


734 
1843 


Staff. 
Jean. 
St. Pierre. 


1 J 


38 07 43.35 


75 50 26.40 


N 79 29 E 
N 3 42 W 
N 80 10 W 


S 79 30 W 
S 3 4-' E 
S 80 II E 


145 1 
1896 
1546 


Staff. 
Jean. 
St. Pierre. 



70 



Siin\'V of (h'sirr /uns, Soiurisr/ i'onntw Md. 

BOUND.ARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — continued. 
MARSHY ISLAND. 

{Lower Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 


LiititucU- 


l,c.ln,'iUuU' 


True bearing 


Diblance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulatioii 


bar 


Forward 


Back 


station 




/ 


/ // 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 04 49. 82 


75 53 40- 47 


S 17 05 E 
S 40 08 E 
N 63 55 E 


N 17 04 W 
N 40 08 W 
S 63 56 w 


6283 

3321 
2225 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 


2 


38 05 17. 10 


75 54 19- 7S 


S 22 41 E 
S 42 41 E 
N 88 54 E 


N 22 40 W 

N 42 40 W 
S 88 55 VV 


7505 
4704 

3047 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 


3 


38 05 50.40 


75 54 24. 20 


S 71 25 E 
N 24 23 E 
N 60 03 W 


N 71 24 W 
S 24 25 w 
S 60 05 E 


3338 
5282 

4626 


Prickly. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 


4 


38 07 04.22 


75 5.3 18.62 


N 61 34 E 
N 10 35 E 
N 42 56 W 


S 61 36 w 
S 10 35 \V 
S 42 57 E 


3483 

2362 
3113 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Kelley. 


5 


38 07 38. 06 


75 52 23.58 


N 72 05 E 
N 41 08 W 

N 72 23 W 


S 72 05 W 
S 41 09 E 
S 72 25 E 


1679 
1568 
3763 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Kelley. 


6 


.S8 07 37.55 


75 5' <'9"9 


S 62 39 E 

N 35 54 W 
N 68 19 W 


N 62 37 W 
S 35 54 E 
S 68 20 E 


5417 

659 

3245 


Fairmount Cluirc-h. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 


7 


38 07 34.98 


75 50 5'- 58 


S 61 04 E 
N 13 42 E 
N 53 58 W 


N 61 02 W 
S 13 42 W 
S 53 58 E 


4965 

2314 
1054 


Fairriiounl Cliuroli. 

Jean. 

St. Pierre. 


8 


38 07 03. 79 


75 51 10.99 


S 74 29 E 
N II 21 W 

N 51 45 W 


N 74 27 W 
S II 22 E 
S 51 46 E 


5046 
1705 

3775 


Fairnuiunt Churcli. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 


y 


38 07 05.36 


75 52 1732 


S 78 03 E 
N 41 28 E 

N 27 41 W 


N 78 01 W 
S 41 29 \V 
S 27 42 E 


6776 
2161 
2579 


Fairmount Church. 
St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 


10 


38 05 46. 90 


75 53 38.71 


S 64 08 E 
, N II 07 E 
1 N 65 03 W 


N 64 08 W 
S II 08 W 
S 65 05 E 


2169 
5024 

5757 


Prickly. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 



Si(r:'rv of Ors/ci- /^iirs, Sdii/rrsrf County, Md. 



71 



liOUNDARIliS Ol'" NATtJKAL OYSTER BARS- Collt ilUU'il . 

DRUM POINT. 

(Lower Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 





, II 


I 


38 04 32.62 


2 


38 04 49. 82 


3 


38 05 46.90 


4 


38 07 05. 36 



75 53 15-53 



75 53 4"- 47 



75 53 38.71 



5 38 07 03. 79 75 51 10.99 



38 07 34. 9S 75 50 51-58 



7 ,^8 07 33.63 75 50 42.00 



8 38 07 22.98 75 50 41. 10 



9 38 07 14. s.s 75 ,so 47.49 



38 06 59. i6 
38 06 33.34 
12 38 06 05. 78 
>3 38 03 56.46 
14 38 03 01. 80 



75 50 46. 00 
75 51 56.97 
75 52 32.34 
73 53 00. 24 
75 52 41-83 



;Truc bearing 

1 
Forward ! Back 



S 12 16 E 
S 37 08 E 
N 40 34 E 

S 17 05 E 
S 40 08 E 
N 63 55 E 

S 64 08 E 
N 1 1 07 E 
N 65 03 W 

S 78 03 E 
N 41 28 E 
N 27 41 W 

S 74 29 E 
N II 21 W 
N 51 45 W 

S 61 04 E 
N 13 42 E 
N 53 58 W 

S 60 03 E 
N 70 06 E 
N 7 16 E 

S 63 50 E 
N 60 34 E 

N 5 48 E 

S 67 S9 E 
N 56 37 E 
N 36 18 W 

S 74 06 E 
N 46 49 E 
N 28 43 W 

S 86 18 E 
N 18 40 E 
N 27 50 W 

S 6 ^6 E 
N 85 04 E 
N 26 46 E 

S 36 05 E 
N 33 08 E 
N o 41 W 

N 19 48 E 
N 4 50 W 
N 59 37 W 



N 12 16 W 
N 37 07 W 
S 40 35 W 

N 17 04 W 
N 40 08 W 
S 63 56 W 

N 64 08 W 
S II 08 W 
vS 65 05 E 

N 78 01 W 
S 41 29 W 
S 27 42 E 

N 74 27 W 
S II 22 E 
S 51 46 E 

N 61 02 W 
S 13 42 W 
S 53 58 E 

N 60 01 W 
S 70 07 w 
S 7 16 W 

N 63 48 W 
S 60 35 W 
S 5 48 w 

N 67 57 W 
S 56 38 W 
.S 36 18 E 

N 74 05 W 
S 46 50 W 
vS 28 43 E 

N 86 15 W 
S 18 40 W 
S 27 51 E 



6 36 W 
85 07 W 
26 47 W 



N 36 04 W 
S 33 09 W 
S o 41 E 

S 19 49 W 
S 4 50 E 
S 59 39 E 



Yard'i. 
5552 
2445 
2052 

6283 
3321 
2225 

2169 
5024 
5757 

6776 
2161 



5046 
1705 
3775 

4965 
2314 
1054 

4720 
1959 
2313 

4530 
2088 
3761 

4569 
2382 
1624 

4361 
2673 
2084 

6100 
2778 
3728 

1593 
7056 
4064 

1569 

4708 
4607 

6149 

6473 
7808 



Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 

Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly 

Prickly. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 

Fairmount Church. 
St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Fairmount Cluuch. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 

Fairmount Cluuch, 

Jean. 

St. Pierre. 

Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

Jean. 

Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

Jean. 

Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

St. Pierre. 

Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

St. Pierre. 

Fairmount Church. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 

Prickly. 

Fairmount Churcli. 
St. Pierre. 

Prickly. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 

St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 



72 



Sitrz'rv of Ovstcr Ba/s, Soii/crsr/ Coimly, Md. 



BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — COUtimU'd. 

PRICKLY POINT. 

(Mouth Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 












True bearing 












Lalitudc 




Lung 


tudc 
















Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulati(.n 


of 












station 


bar 












Forward 




Back 










/ ' 




, 


„ 




/ 







, 




Yards. 




I 


38 04 J 8. 


7j 


75 53 


19- 95 


S 


13 47 


E 


N 


13 


46 


W 


5452 


Flat Ca]). 












S 


41 06 


E 


N 


41 


05 


W 


2426 


Has. 












xM 


40 40 


E 


vS 


40 


41 


W 


2228 


Prickly. 


2 


38 04 50 


38 


75 54 


16. 08 


vS 


24 53 


E 


N 


24 


52 


W 


6641 


Flat Cap. 












s 


50 24 


E 


N 


50 


22 


W 


401 1 


Has. 












N 


71 58 


E 


S 


71 


59 


\V 


3100 


Prickly. 


3 


38 05 17 


10 


75 54 


19.78 


S 


22 41 


E 


N 


2 2 


40 


W 


7505 


Flat Cap. 












s 


42 41 


E 


N 


42 


40 


W 


4704 


Has. 












N 


88 54 


E 


S 


88 


55 


W 


3047 


Prickly. 


4 


38 04 49 


82 


75 53 


40.47 


S 


17 05 


E 


N 


17 


04 


W 


6283 


Flat Cap. 












s 


40 08 


E 


N 


40 


08 


W' 


3321 


Has. 












N 


63 55 


E 


S 


63 


5''' 


\V 


2225 


Prickly. 


5 


38 04 3-^ 


62 


75 53 


15-53 


s 


12 16 


E 


N 


12 


16 


W 


5552 


Flat Cap. 












s 


37 08 


E 


N 


37 


07 


W 


2445 


Has. 












N 



40 34 


E 


S 


40 


35 


W 


2052 


Prickly. 



PINEY ISLAND EAST. 

{Middle Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 








, 









, 











, 









, 




Yards. 




I 


38 


0^ 


OS 


04 


75 


54 


16 


59 


s 


48 


39 


E 


N 


48 


37 


W 


3742 


Flat Cap. 




















N 


7- 


14 


E 


S 




IS 


w 


3260 


Has. 




















N 


28 


06 


\V 


S 


28 


08 


E 


8939 


Joshua. 


2 


38 


04 


19 


61 


75 


54 


49 


20 


S 


36 


25 


E 


N 


36 


23 


W 


6196 


Flat Cap. 




















S 


6q 


OS 


E 


N 


69 


03 


W 


4255 


Has. 




















N 


62 


28 


E 


S 


62 


30 


vv 


4320 


Prickly. 


3 


,8 


04 


,, 


S4 


75 


51 


21 


76 


s 


15 


49 


E 


N 


15 


48 


w 


4929 


Flat Cap. 


















S 


52 


10 


E 


N 


52 


10 


V\' 


2079 


Has. 


















N 


33 


47 


E 


S 


33 


48 


w 


2698 


Prickly. 


4 38 


OS 


2S 


75 


75 


51 


02 


8s 


S 


IS 


1 1 


E 


N 


15 


10 


\y 


3216 


Flat Cap. 




















N 


72 


18 


E 


S 


72 


19 


w 


1 194 


Has. 




















N 


40 


24 


W 


s 


40 


27 


E 


9527 


Joshua. 



Siirvcv of (lys/rr /yurs, Soiucrsr/ Co/in/v, Md. 



73 



BOUNDARIES OP N.^TuRAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

HARRIS. 

{Middle Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 



True bearing 



38 02 37.94 75 54 04.81 I S ,s8 00 E N 57 59 W 

N 55 38 E S 55 39 W 
N 27 13 W S 27 15 E 



2 38 03 05. 04 



I 
7,5 54 16.59 I S 48 39 E 
N 72 14 E 



N 48 37 W 
S 72 15 W 



N 28 06 W vS 28 08 E 

38 03 23.75 75 53 02.85 ; S 15 n E N 15 10 W 

i N 72 18 E vS 72 19 W 

j N 40 24 W S 40 27 E 



4 38 02 40.04 75 52 45. 



S 13 26 E N 13 26 W 
N 58 48 E S 58 49 W 
N 20 28 E S 20 28 \V 



Yards. 
2942 : Flat Cap. 

3380 Has. 
9894 ' Joshua. 

3742 Flat Cap. 

3260 Has. 

8939 Joshua. 

3216 Flat Cap. 

1 194 Has. 

9527 Joshua. 

1675 Flat Cap. 

5484 Ford. 

1961 Has. 



BIG ANNEMESSEX. 
{Big Aniiemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



/ » 


/ // 


' 


/ 


Yards. 




38 02 50.93 


75 51 45-86 


N 51 20 E 
N 31 53 W 
S 31 14 w 


S 51 21 w 
S 31 53 E 
N 31 14 E 


3959 
1731 
2336 


Ford. 
Has. 
Flat Cap. 


38 03 I&. 52 


75 51 49- 69 


N 63 14 E 
N 53 14 W 
S 21 12 W 


S 63 15 \V 
S 53 14 E 
N 21 12 E 


3576 
1014 
3066 


Ford. 
Has. 
Flat.Cap. 


38 03 45.06 


75 51 07-58 


S 30 17 w 
S 55 12 E 
N 72 37 E 


N 30 17 E 
N 55 II W 
S 72 37 W 


4426 
3314 
2170 


Flat Cap. 

Geog. 

Ford. 


38 03 51.42 


75 49 12.66 


N 66 25 W 
S 9 16 W 
S 43 22 E 


S 66 25 E 

N 9 16 E 
N 43 21 W 


1084 
2134 
2420 


Ford. 
Geog. 
Colburn. 


38 03 08. 18 


75 48 47. 60 


S 73 07 E 
N 44 50 E 
N 41 17 W 


N 73 06 W 
S 44 so W 
S 41 18 E 


1039 
1650 

2517 


Colburn. 

Moon. 

Ford. 


38 03 03.08 


75 48 54- 81 


S 83 45 E 

N 45 17 E 
N 35 27 W 


N 83 45 W 
S 45 17 W 
S 35 27 E 


1 193 
1908 

2533 


Colburn. 

Moon. 

Ford. 


38 03 17. 77 


75 49 31- 17 


S 8 47 E 
N 69 58 E 
N 17 40 \V 


N 8 47 W 
S 69 59 W 
S 17 40 E 


982 

2475 
1646 


Geog. 
Moon. 
Ford. 


38 03 05.44 


V5 50 32- 58 


S 72 45 E 
N 29 50 E 
N 71 07 W 


N 72 44 W 
S 29 50 w 
S 71 08 E 


1872 
2287 
3031 


Geog.^i 

Ford. 

Has. 



51x195 -08 10 



74 



Siirvev of Ovstcr Bars, Sonicrsr/ C Oniily, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

CHURCH CREEK. 

{Chesapeake Bay — O/J Smith Island — Chart No. 8.) 



Cor- 
bar 



True bearing 
Forward Back 



^7 s8 41. 19 76 04 16. 61 N 89 55 E 

N 60 15 E 

N 22 06 E 

.•?7 .s8 ,S,5 ,?7 76 o,S 41-59 S 85 25 E 

N 74 16 E 

N 37 49 E 

37 59 5,^ 49 76 o.s 47 45 S 65 00 E 

S 86 31 E 

N 49 10 E 

^8 no 01 79 76 04 12. og S 44 32 E 

I I S 79 28 E 

N 32 29 E 



° ' Yards. \ 

S 89 56 W 2791 ' Old Church (Smith Island). 

S 60 16 W 4167 North Church(Smith Isl'd). 

S 22 07 W 7531 : Fog. 



N' 85 23 W 

S 74 18 w 

S 37 52 W 

N 64 58 W 

N 86 28 W 

S 49 12 W 

N 44 31 \V 

N 79 27 W 

S 32 30 w 



5075 Old Church (Smith Island). 
6114 j North Church(Smith Isl'd). 
8316 ! Fog. 

5755 Old Church (Smith Island). 
6053 North Church (Smith Isl'd). 
6945 ' Fog. 

3807 Old Church (Smith Island). 
3557 I North Church (Smith Isl'd). 
5050 Fog. 



PHILIBYS. 

{Lower Tangier Sound — Chart No. 9.) 






, 


„ 





/ » 


, 




/ 


Yards. 




I 37 


56 


57-88 


75 


54 49- 54 


N 59 04 E 
N 15 01 W 
N 86 25 W 


S 

s 
s 


59 05 W 
15 01 E 
86 28 E 


4041 

1771 
771 1 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


2 37 


57 


10. 16 


75 


55 47- 46 


N 71 38 E 
N 39 59 E 
N 89 24 \V 


s 
s 
s 


71 40 vv 
40 00 \v 
89 26 E 


5281 
1692 
6149 


Somers Cove Light 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


3 


37 


57 


36. 68 


75 


54 '3-9' 


N 74 05 \V 
S I 46 w 
N 73 00 E 


s 

N 

s 


74 05 E 

I 46 E 

7 5 01 \V 


1467 
7S33 
2629 


Janes Island Light. 
Fox Island Poplar. 
Somers Cove Light 



4 37 57 06. 76 75 54 25. 



S o 37 E N o 37 \V 
N 57 52 E S 57 53 W 
N-37 49 W S 37 50 E 



6821 Fox Island Poplar. 
3341 Somers Cove Light. 
1786 Janes Island Light. 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Coniitv., Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

GREAT ROCK. 

(Lower Tangier Sound — Chart No. 9.) 



75 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 




Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 














bar 






Forward 




Back 








I 


/ // 

37 55 03.68 


75 55 47-80 


S 40 19 E 
N II 09 E 

N 54 48 W 


N 
S 
S 


40 18 
1 1 10 

54 51 


W 
W 
E 


Yards. 
3504 
5668 
7514 


Fox Island Poplar. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


2 


37 55 04-91 


75 56 45 03 


S 54 27 E 
N 25 26 E 
N 47 05 W 


N 
S 
S 


54 26 
25 27 
47 07 


W 
W 
E 


4665 
6112 
6298 


Fox Island Poplar. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


3 


37 56 05.24 


75 56 31-32 


N 58 03 E 
'N 32 56 E 
N 65 38 W 


s 
s 
s 


58 06 
32 57 
65 40 


\v 
w 
E 


7286 
4153 
5465 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


4 


37 57 lo- 16 


75 55 47-46 


N 71 38 E 
N 39 59 E 
N 89 24 W 


s 
s 
s 


71 40 
40 00 
89 26 


w 
w 

E 


5281 
1692 
6149 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 


5 


37 56 57-88 


75 54 49- 54 


N 59 04 E 
N 15 01 W 
N 86 25 W 


s 
s 
s 


59 05 
15 01 
86 28 


W 
E 
E 


4041 
1771 
7711 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Horse. 



FOX ISLAND. 

{Lower Tangier Sound — Chart No. 9.) 



4 37 54 29.34 




37 54 26. 23 I 75 56 53. 80 S 70 45 E 

N 22 44 E 

N 38 03 W 

37 55 04.91 75 56 45.03 S 54 27 E 

N 25 26 E 

N 47 05 W 



37 55 03.68 : 75 55 47.80 S 40 19 E 
N II 09 E 
N 54 48 W 



S 61 02 E 
N 13 06 E 

N 45 57 W 



" ' Yards. 

N 70 43 W 4269 I Fox Island Poplar 

S 22 45 W 7398 : Janes Island Light. 

S 38 05 E 7103 Horse. 

N 54 26 W 4665 Fox Island Poplar. 

S 25 27 W 6112 Janes Island Light. 

S 47 07 E ' 6298 Horse. 

N 40 18 W 3504 Fox Island Poplar. 

S II 10 W 5668 ' Janes Island Light. 

S 54 51 E 7514 Horse. 

N 61 01 W 3124 ' Fox Island Poplar. 

S 13 06 W 6898 I Janes Island Light. 

S 45 59 E I 7894 Horse. 



76 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset County, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS continued. 

STONE. 
{Northern Pocomoke Sound — Cliart No. 9.) 



37 55 41-57 ' 75 48 32- 21 S 85 52 E | N 85 49 W 

I N 7 51 E : S 7 51 W 

N 88 43 W j S 88 44 E 

37 55 53-60 I 75 48 43.03 S 83 19 E , N 83 15 W 

I N 16 15 E I S 16 15 W 

S 80 51 W i N 80 50 E 



Yards. 
8251 
2676 
2467 



Saxis Church. 

Monkey. 

East. 



8577 Saxis Church. 
2339 I Monkey. 
2206 East. 



3 I 37 56 11-53 i 75 48 29.22 N 65 24 E S 65 27 W ' 7473 ] Scot. 

N 9 52 E S 9 53 W I 1666 I Monkey. 

r, , _.- ,,r XT ^^ __ Ti- 2720 I East. 



IN 9 52 n D 9 53 W 
S 69 26 W N 69 25 E 



4 


37 56 01.22 


75 48 05.47 N 60 42 E 
N 9 56 W 
S 79 II W 


S 60 45 W 
S 9 56 E 
N 79 10 E 


7065 
2021 
3238 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


5 


37 55 50-76 


75 47 52-93 S 82 49 E 
N 16 16 W 
S 85 52 w 


N 82 46 W 
S i6 16 E 
N 85 53 E 


7237 
2439 
3525 


Saxis Chuicli. 

Monkey. 

East. 


6 


37 55 45- 79 


75 48 13.64 N 2 58 W 
S 88 19 W 
S 67 30 w 


S 2 58 E 
N 88 18 E 
N 67 27 E 


2517 
2964 
10680 


Monkey. 

East. 

Fox Island Poplar. 



WATKINS. 
(^Northern Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. g.) 



37 56 01. 22 75 48 05.47 N 60 42 E 

! N 9 56 W 

S 79 II W 

37 56 II. 53 75 48 29. 22 ! N 65 24 E 

N 9 52 E 

S 69 26 \V 



37 56 25. 34 75 48 44. 22 



N 69 49 E 
N 30 16 E 
S 56 29 W 

37 56 41-98 75 48 17-81 N 72 12 E 

' N I 46 W 

S 55 12 W 

37 56 42.70 75 47 54.58 ' N 70 40 E 

N 47 16 W 

' S 59 59 W 

37 56 25.57 75 47 39- 00 N 64 12 E 
N 42 06 W 
S 69 50 W 



, 


Yards. 




S 60 45 \V 
S 9 56 E 
N 79 10 E 


7065 
2021 
3238 


Scot. 
Monkey. 

East. 


S 65 27 W 
S 9 53 \\' 
N 69 25 E 


7473 
1666 
2720 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


S 69 52 w 
S 30 16 w 
N 56 28 E 


7666 

- 1362 

2573 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


S 72 15 w 


6816 


Scot. 


S I 46 E 
N 55 11 E 


614 
3472 


Monkey. 
East. 


S 70 43 W 
S 47 17 E 
N 59 58 E 


6220 

870 

4009 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


S 64 14 W 
S 42 06 E 
N 69 48 E 


6057 
1574 
4141 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 



Siiri'ty of Oyster Bars^ Souiersct County, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

LONG POINT. 

{Northern Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. 9.) 



77 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 




True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


of 










bar 








- 


Fonvard 


Back 








/ // 





/ » 


/ 




Yards. 




I 


37 56 25.34 


75 


48 44. 22 


N 
N 
S 


69 49 E 
30 16 E 
56 29 W 


S 69 52 w 
S 30 16 w 
N 56 28 E 


7666 
1362 
2573 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


2 


37 57 00.82 


75 


48 42.30 


S 

s 
s 


73 37 W 
40 01 W 
88 09 E 


N 73 36 E 
N 40 00 E 
N 88 08 W 


2931 

3418 

635 


Watermelon Hummock. 

East 

Monkey. 


3 


37 57 02.86 


75 


48 31.38 


s 
s 
s 


73 57 W 

42 50 w 
75 31 E 


N 73 56 E 
N 42 49 E 
N 75 31 W 


3229 

3660 

354 


Watermelon Hummock. 

East. 

Monkey. 


4 


37 56 50. 20 


75 


48 38. 72 


s 
s 
s 


80 50 W 
45 25 W 
70 55 E 


N 80 49 \V 
N 45 24 E 
N 70 52 W 


2945 
3218 
8892 


Watermelon Hummock. 

East. 

Saxis Church. 


5 


37 56 41-98 


75 


48 17. Si 


N 

N 

s 


72 12 E 

I 46 W 

55 12 W 


S 72 15 W 
S I 46 E 
N 55 II E 


6816 

614 

3472 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 



GUNBY. 
{Middle Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. 10.) 





/ « 


, 




, 




, 


Yards. 




I 


37 56 11.06 


75 46 07.04 


S 
S 
N 


II 50 E 
69 55 E 
43 49 E 


N 
N 
S 


n 50 W 
69 54 W 
43 51 W 


4762 
4634 
4330 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Scot. 


2 


37 56 28. 98 


75 46 40. 33 


S 
S 

N 


19 31 E 
67 17 E 
57 03 E 


N 
N 
S 


19 31 W 
67 15 w 
57 04 W 


5586 
5681 
4632 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Scot. 


3 


37 56 48-98 


75 46 15- 36 


S 

s 

N 


II 25 E 

57 54 E 
60 1 1 E 


N 
N 
S 


II 24 W 
57 52 W 
60 12 W 


6059 
5399 
3712 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Scot. 


4 


37 56 35-02 


75 45 34-66 


S 
S 

N 


I 10 E 
55 28 E 
42 40 W 


N 
N 
S 


I ID W 

55 27 W 
42 41 E 


5470 
4231 
3150 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Scot. 



78 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Cotinty^ Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

MARUMSCO. 

{Middle Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. to.) 



Cor- 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


of 










bar 








Forward 


Back 








o / // 


, 




, 


, 


Yards. 




I 


37 56.45-40 


75 44 30.51 


s 
s 

N 


15 24 w 
32 50 E 
62 44 E 


N 15 23 E 
N 32 49 W 
S 62 46 W 


6034 

3272 
5484 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 


2 


37 57 27. 13 


75 45 13- 96 


s 
s 

N 


3 30 W 
35 13 E 
70 33 E 


N 3 30 E 
N 35 12 W 
S 70 33 W 


7239 
5087 
1678 


Mos. 

Saxis Church. 

Scot. 


3 


37 57 39-07 


75 43 56.62 


N 
S 

N 


72 05 W 
10 47 E 
79 58 E 


S 72 05 E 
N 10 47 W 
S 79 59 W 


507 
4641 
4032 


Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 


4 


37 56 55-12 


75 43 48-54 


S 

N 
N 


II 58 E 
59 49 E 
23 II W 


N II 58 W 

s 59 50 w 

S 23 II E 


3146 
4344 
1781 


Saxis Church. 

Old. 

Scot. 



KITTS CREEK WEST. 
{Upper Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. jo.) 



I 




37 58 18.42 


75 42 32.72 


S 
S 
S 


66 44 W 
13 08 W 
70 09 E 


N 66 43 E 
N 13 07 E 
N 70 08 W 


Yards. 
2964 
6044 
1841 


Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 


2 


37 58 26.98 


75 42 47.64 


S 
S 

s 


57 53 W 

8 58 W 

66 47 W 


N 57 52 E 
N 8 58 E 
N 66 46 E 


2744 
6251 
2316 


Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 


3 


37 58 32.00 


75 42 41.52 


s 
s 
s 


56 48 W 
10 10 W 
61 09 E 


N 56 47 E 
N 10 10 E 
N 61 09 W 


2973 
6445 
2244 


Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 


4 


37 58 26. 82 


75 42 27.42 


s 
s 
s 


63 06 W 
13 47 W 
60 15 E 


N 63 04 E 
N 13 47 E 
N 60 14 W 


3212 
6353 
1831 


Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 



S/i I :•(']' of Oyslrr Bars^ Soiiicrsef Cuniitv, .\fd. 

BOUNDARIES OF NATURAL OYSTER BARS — Continued. 

KITTvS CREEK EAST. 

{Upper Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. lo.) 



79 



True bearing 



' 37 .57 58. 16 7S 41 47- 71 1 S 82 56 W 

S 26 20 W 

N 83 45 E 

2 ' 37 58 15 78 75 42 2^' 14 S 69 32 W 



N 82 54 E 
N 26 19 E 
S 83 45 W 

N 69 31 E 



S 14 57 W i N 14 57 E 

S 70 59 E ! N 70 58 W 

37 s8 24,01 7s 42 20.96 S 65 54 W N 65 52 E 

S 15 31 W , N 15 30 E 

S 60 08 E N 60 08 W 



4 


37 5" 16. 70 


75 42 09.59 


S 71 35 W 
S 18 51 w 
S 63 00 E 


N 71 34 E 
N 18 51 E 
N 63 00 W 


5 


37 58 06.40 


75 41 41-59 


S 79 25 w 
S 26 33 W 
S 59 00 E 


N 79 23 E ^ 
N 26 32 E 
N 59 00 W 



Yards. 

3954 

5805 

533 

3093 
6001 

1645 

3327 
6305 
1634 

3520 
6158 
1249 

4159 
6131 
426 



Scol. 

Saxis Church 

Old. 

Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 

Scot. 

Saxis Church 

Old. 

Scol. 

Saxi.s Church 

Old. 

Scot. 

Saxis Church. 

Old. 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS. 



EXPLANATION OF DESCRIPTIONS OF BOUNDARIES. 

The laws providing for the survey of the oyster bars of Maryland also contain a 
section which requires "an accurate survey of and delineation upon the maps and charts 
aforesaid of all bottoms of the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay where grass grows and 
it is profitable to scrape for soft shell or sheddfer crabs, and shall have such bottoms 
properly designated by permanent objects on the shore, as provided hereinbefore for 
natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks, which said crabbing sections shall be exempt from 
leasing for oyster culture." 

The crab bottoms of Somerset County are the first ones to be surveyed in Mary- 
land, '' and as far as known such a survey is altogether a new problem which differs '' in 
many ways from that of a survey of oyster bars. 

In a general way it can be stated that the boundaries of the crab bottoms as estab- 
lished by the Maryland Shell Fish Commission and delineated on the "Charts of Oyster 
Bars," published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, are confined to waters between the 
I -fathom contour (6 feet depth of water) and the shore Hne. Therefore, in most cases 
the mean low water line of the shore has been adopted as an inner boundary for the 

" Anne Arundel County has no crab bottoms within the meaning of the law. 

'' See pages 69 to 70 of "First Annual Report of Maryland Shell Fish Commission" for description 
of "Survey of crabbing grounds." 



8o Snn'cv of Oystrr Ba/s, Soiiicrsr/ Comity^ Md. 

crab bottoms, but the same system of straight lines and numbered corners used to delin- 
eate the oyster bars has been retained for defining the offshore water boundaries. 

There are 54 individual "crab bottoms" in Somerset County exempt from leasing 
for oyster culture which have been surveyed and delineated under separate names by 
the Commission, and their total area as determined by the hydrographic engineer of 
the Commission is 32,108 acres. The largest of these bottoms is 2,182 acres and the 
smallest 23 acres. 

The boundaries of the crab bottoms of Somerset County as established by the 
Shell Fish Commission and shown on the Coast and Geodetic Survey charts and pro- 
jections and on the "leasing charts" of the Commission are technically defined and 
described by a method but little different from that used for the description of the 
boundaries of oyster bars. 

The descriptions have been arranged in tabular form, thus avoiding many hundred 
repetitions of the same words by making one explanation of the tables sufficient for all 
crabbing bottoms in the county. 

At the top of each tabular form is given the legal name of the crab bottom to be 
described, its general locality, and the serial numbers of the "Charts of Oyster Bars" 
of Maryland on which its boundaries are shown. 

The first column, under the heading of "Corner of bottom," gives the number 
corresponding to the corner of the boundary as sKown on the charts. These numbers 
have been assigned to the corners of the crab bottoms in a slightly different manner 
from that used in describing the oyster bars, although both proceed in a clockwise 
direction around their boundaries. In delineating the crab bottoms it was generally 
planned to have both the first and last corners fall on land, thus making the mean 
low-water line of the shore between these two corners form the connecting boundary, as 
is always stated in such cases in a note at the bottom of the tabular descriptions. Where 
a corner of one bottom is identical with the corners of one or more other crab bottoms, 
oyster bars, or clam beds, only the number of the crab bottom being described in the 
table is given in this column. 

The second and third columns, under the headings of " I^atitude" and " Longitude," 
give the geographic positions of the corners. These positions have been adopted by 
the Commission as the primary technical definitions of the corners, and should be 
considered as final in case of a dispute arising from discrepancies caused by other means 
of location. The latitudes and longitudes given in these columns are based on the 
United States standard datum of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the points thus 
defined can be relocated from distant triangulation stations of the Survey, even though 
all the landmarks and buoys used for their original location have been destroyed. 

The fourth and fifth columns, under the general heading of "True bearing" " and 
the specific headings of "Forward" and "Back," give bearings measured from a true 
north and south line. The three "Forward" bearings are from the corner of the 
boundary designated in the first column to the triangulation stations named on the 
corresponding lines in the last column, and the three "Back" bearings are from these 
same stations in the last column to the corresponding corner of boundary in the first 
column. 



n The mean magnetic variation of Somerset County for 1908 was 5° 30' west of nortli and increasing 
at the rate of 3' yearly. 



S/ir7'cy ()/ Ovs/cr /i'ars, Smucrsci Coiiulv, M(L <Si 

i'lu' sixlli column, under the heading of "Distance," gives the three eonipuled 
(Hstances in yards from the corner of the crab bottom noted in the first column to the 
three triangulation stations named on the corresponding lines in the last column, and 
vice versa. 

The seventh and last colunui, under the heading of "U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 
station," gives the names of the landmarks from which were computed the corresponding 
"Latitude," "Longitude," "True bearing," and "Distance" of the "Corner of the 
bottom" designated in the first column. A full description of the location and markings 
of these ti'iangulation stations is given in another part of this publication, under the 
heading of "Descriptions of landmarks." 

The descriptive note of the shore line boundary which usually follows the description 
of the last corner on the tabular form and sometimes between intermediate corners 
which happen to fall on land requires no explanation, other than to state that the 
laws of Maryland reserve to riparian owners all waters of "anv creek, cove, or inlet less 
than one hundred yards in width at its mouth at low tide." 

SURVEYING METHODS FuR RELOCATION OF BOUNDARIES. 

There are a number of methods that can be used in the relocation of the actual 
boundaries of the crab bottoms as technically described in this publication and delineated 
on the published charts of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, but as they are practically 
the same as those required for the relocation of oyster-bar boundaries the description of 
the "Surveying methods for relocation of boundaries" under the heading of " Boundaries 
of oyster bars" in this publication will be sufficient to indicate several methods that can 
be used in the relocation of crab-bottom boundaries. 

BOUND.ARIES OF CRAI! BOTTOMS. 

DEEP BANKS. 

(Inner Holland Straits — Charts Sos. 5 and 6.) 



Cor- 


1 




















True bearing 












■ KTof 




r,;>ti 


Uul' 




I 


.ongitud 


c 












- — 


-- 




Distance 


U S. C. & G. S. triali 
station 


Rulaliim 


bol 














tcmi 




















Forwar 


d 




Back 




Yards. 











, 











, 








I 


,S8 


07 


3^ 


.98 


76 


02 


06. 


20 


S 


40 


I I 


W 


X 


40 


10 


E 


9076 


Holland Island Bar 


Light. 




















S 


36 


24 


E 


.\ 


36 


23 


W 


4494 


Miles. 






















N 


64 


29 


E 


s 


64 


30 


\V 


2435 


Senator. 




2 


.38 


"7 


4.5- 


04 


76 


02 


35- 


76 


S 


34 


36 


E 


N 


34 


36 


E 


8920 


Holland Island Bar 


Light. 




















S 


40 


39 


E 


N 


40 


38 


W 


5303 


Miles. 






















N 


77 


51 


E 


S 


77 


,52 


W 


.30.S4 


Senator. 




:•. 


38 


08 


50. 


.ss 


76 


01 


53- 


42 


S 


3- 


59 


W 


N 


32 


.S6 


E 


1 1384 


Holland Island Bar 


Light. 




















vS 


20 


28 


E 


N 


20 


27 


\V 


66.S3 


Miles. 






















s 


49 


51 


E 


.\ 


49 


50 


W 


2431 


Senator. 




4 


,38 


08 


04. 


09 


76 


00 


43- 


66 


s 


,s 


43 


E 


N 


:j 


43 


W 


4689 


Miles. 






















s 


70 


1 1 


E 


N 


70 


09 


W 


6484 


Joshua. 






















N 


80 


42 


E 


S 


80 


45 


W 


51 17 


Bar. 





Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i_ excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 

5009s — 08 1 1 



82 



S/in'rr <>/ ()rs/cr Bdis, Soii/ci.'^r/ Cniiiilv^ Md. 

lioUNDAKlES OF CRAB DOTTuMS — Cf)lU illUl'tl. 
HOLLAND STRArrS. 
{\\'esi Tanyicr Sound — Cliaris Nos. 5, 6, and 7.) 



I 38 08 04.09 76 00 43. ')'i 



38 08 50.58 76 01 53.42 



3 I 38 og j6. 74 76 00 23. 

4 38 09 06.39 I 76 00 41. 

5 38 08 42. 38 I 76 00 20. 



48 



S 5 43 E 
S 70 1 1 E 
N 80 42 E 

S 32 59 W 
S 20 28 E 
S 49 51 E 

S 10 5s W 
S 87 10 E 

N 32 41 W 

S I 56 W 
N 86 05 E 
N 18 06 W 

S 26 01 W 

N 77 22 E 
N 22 08 W 



.ri 


ng 
H 








iclc 









, 




N 


:; 


43 


W 


N 


70 


09 


VV 


S 


80 


45 


W 



N 32 56 E 
N 20 27 W 
N 49 50 \V 

N 10 55 E 
N 87 07 W 
S 32 41 E 

N I 56 E 
S 86 07 W 
S 18 06 E 

N 26 01 E 
S 77 24 W 
S 22 08 E 



U. S. C. & O. S. triuiigulation 
Distance ' station 



Yards. I 
4689 I Miles. 
6484 j Joshua. 
5 1 17 I Bar. 

1 1384 Holland Islaiiil liar I,i;.;lil. 
6653 : Miles. 
2431 ' Senator. 

2838 1 Senator. 

5546 Deal Island Cluirch. 

2607 Crab. 

2102 Senator. 

6019 Deal Island Clmrcli. 

3030 I Crab. 

1437 ' Senator. 

5582 I Deal Island Clunvli. 

3984 I Crab. 



PUNGERS CREEK. 

(Il'f.t/ I'ppcr Tangier Sound — Charts Nos. 5, 6, and 7.) 



38 08 04. 09 76 00 43. 66 
38 08 42. 38 76 00 20. 00 
38 06 24.78 76 00 21.47 
38 05 49. 58 : 76 GO 03. 78 
38 05 46.97 j 76 00 23.58 



S 5 43 E 

S 70 1 1 E 

N 80 42 E 

S 26 oi W 

M 77 22 E 

N 22 08 W 

S =i 22 W 

N 78 12 E 

N 10 01 W 

S 77 38 W 

S 12 S4 W 

N 65 07 E 

N 66 27 E 

N 6 36 W 

S S7 II W 



N 5 43 W 
N 70 og W 
S 80 45 W 

N 26 01 E 
S 77 H W 
S 22 08 E 

N 5 22 E 
S 78 14 W 
S 10 01 E 

N 77 38 E 
N .2 53 E 
S 65 09 W 

S 66 29 W 
S 6 36 E 
N S7 II E 



"437 
5582 
3984 

1333 
5629 
3400 

609 
6113 



Miles. 

Joshua. 

"Bar. 

Senator. 
Deal Islam i 
Crab. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 

Senator. 

Miles. 
Solomons 



5.553 ' Joshua. 

6072 Joshua. 

4654 I Senator. 

So : Miles. 



I.unii. l.islit. 






Thence from corner No. 5 along the mean low-waler linr of tlie shore to cornc 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Sun'/'v of Ovs/rr nurs, Soii/rrsri Coiiii/w -^fd- 

BOITNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

LAWS THOROrOHFARE XORTH. 

{Xotilu'asI Tangier Sound — Innde Deal Island — ('hart. A'o. 5.) 



83 



■ bearing 



U. S. C. & O. S. tri;ing\ihi 



I 38 10 00.83 75 56 45-. S^ N 30 58 W ; S 30 58 E 
S s8 13 W I N 58 10 R 
S 10 46 W N 10 46 E 



38 10 i: 



Tlieiicf frt)i 
creek, cove, 



75 56 16.20 N SI S7 W S 51 i7 K 
S s6 39 \V X s6 37 E 
S i.s 4-' W N 15 42 V. 



Yards. 
1304 
7468 



Haines. 
Senator. 



1449 I Deal Island Cliurch. 

1 1 60 Haines. 
7889 I Senator. 
1897 I Deal Island Church. 



1 corner Xo. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Xo. i, c\chulin;j 
or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its month at low tide. 



DEAL ISLAND. 
{East Upper Tangier Sound — Charts .Vi». 5 and ~.) 



I I 38 "7 50.57 



75 57 26. S7 , N 85 01 W S 85 03 E 

S 48 40 W N 48 38 E 

' S 26 00 E N 26 00 W 



38 07 49. 36 j 75 57 48. 36 I N 83 55 W S 83 53 E 
S 45 14 W N 45 13 E 
S 40 02 E N 40 01 \V 



3 I 38 07 49. 58 I 7j_ 38 



N 83 15 VV S 83 16 E 
S 41 19 W N 41 18 E 
S 48 56 E N 48 ss W 



38 08 20.24 75 58 12.82 I N 74 45 E 
N 46 20 E 
S 82-17 W 



38 08 47. 88 75 57 40. 59 
38 08 50.96 75 57 21.51 



S 15 01 E 

N 49 18 E 
N 12 37 E 

N 36 43 E 
N 4 49 E 
S 23 52 \V 



S 74 45 w 

S 46 2 1 W 

N 82 15 E 

N 15 01 W 
S 49 18 W 
S 12 37 \V 

S 36 43 W 
S 4 49 w 
X 23 52 E 



Yards. 

5269 Senator. 

6371 Miles. 

1940 Joshua. 



469,S 
5920 
2224 

4.67 
5561 
2603 

1071 
2848 
4054 

674 
1585 
3666 

1 160 
3486 



Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 



Miles. 
Joshua. 

Bar. 

Deal Island Church. 

Senator. 

Bar. 

Deal Island Church. 

Haines. 

Deal Island Church. 

Haines. 

Bar. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of ihe shore to corner Xi 
luy creek, cove, or inlet less than too yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



84 



Siin'rv of Ovs/cr luirs, Soincj'srf Couulw Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
LAWS THOROUGHFARE SOUTH. 

(Notih Maitokin Kher — Inside oj Deal Island — Charts jVos. s niul 7.) 



o ' " ° ' I ° ' Yard<:. 

■ 58 75 54 13- 80 S 73 20 W ! N 73 20 E 680 Kelley. 

S 25 36 E I N 25 35 W 6683 , Prickly. 

S 85 28 E N 85 27 W 1909 I Marsh. 



38 07 54.55 75 53 44.94 S 89 25 E N 89 21 W 

N 61 07 E S 61 07 W 

N 67 43 W S 67 44 E 

38 07 20. 78 75 55 27. 89 N 65 32 E S 65 3i \V 

N 37 32 E I vS 37 .^2 W 

S 72 17 W N 72 16 E 



4 38 07 33.58 '< 75 55 38. 



S 60 08 W 
S 48 31 E 
N 51 05 E 



N 60 07 E 
N 48 29 W 
S 51 05 w 



3765 St. Pierre. 

1296 Marsh. 

1534 Kelley. 

4260 Marsh. 

2 1 70 Kelley. 

2427 Joshua. 

2350 Joshua. 

6856 Prickly. 

2052 Kelley. 



Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Nu. i, excluding 
iiiy creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



MARSH ISLAND. 
(North Shore Manokin River — Charts Nos. 5 and 7.) 



° 


, 









, 











, 









, 




Yards. 




I 1 38 


08 


13 


09 


75 


53 


02 


3^ 


S 


68 


00 


W 


N 


67 


57 


E 


6675 


Joshua. 


















S 


9 


29 


E 


N 


9 


29 


w 


5957 


Pricklv. 


















S 


75 


49 


E 


N 


75 


48 


w 


2712 


St. Pierre 


2 


38 


07 


54 


55 


-^ 


53 


44 


94 


S 


89 


-5 


E 


N 


89 


21 


w 


3765 


St. Pierre 




















N 


61 


07 


E 


S 


61 


07 


w 


1296 


Marsh. 




















N 


67 


43 


W 


S 


67 


44 


E 


1534 


Kelley. 


3 


38 


08 


17 


58 


75 


54 


13 


80 


S 


73 


20 


W 


N 


73 


20 


E 


680 


Kelley. 




















S 


25 


36 


E 


N 


25 


35 


W 


6683 


Prickly. 




















s 


85 


28 


E 


N 


85 


27 


W 


1909 


Marsh. 



Thence from corner No. 3 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i . excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Siii-:'rr (if Ovs/rr /uiis^ Soiurrsc/ Coitiilw Md. 



'^5 



I 38 08 i_Vo8 



•^8 08 15. 04 



4 38 07 38.06 



BOUNDARIES OK CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

ST. PIERRE. 
{North Shore Muiiokiii River — Churls Nos. 5 and 7.) 



38 


"7 


37 


14 


38 


07 


54 


55 


38 


08 


13 


09 















True bearing 










""« 


tin 


















Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulatiou 






I- or 


war 


d 




Back 




station 





, 











, 






, 




Yards. 




'"' 


51 


18 


98 


S 
S 

N 


10 
87 

5- 


30 

58 


\v 

E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


10 -^o 
87 54 
52 59 


E 

w 
w 


676 
4276 
1601 


St. Pierre. 

Cupola. 

Jean. 


5 


50 


56 


73 


S 

s 

N 


44 
71 

37 


25 
55 
21 


W 
E 
E 


N 
X 
S 


44 25 
71 55 
37 22 


E 
W 


1023 
2350 
I 130 


St. Pierre. 

Staff. 

Jean. 


5 


SI 


09 


09 


S 

N 
N 


62 
33 
68 


39 
54 
19 


E 
W 
W 


N 
S 
S 


62 37 
35 54 
68 20 


U' 
E 
E 


5417 

659 

3245 


Fairmount Churcli. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 


5 


5- 


23 


58 


N 
N 
N 


72 
4' 
72 


08 
23 


E 
W 
W 


s 
s 
s 


72 05 
41 09 

72 25 


W 
E 
E 


1679 
1568 
3763 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Kelley. 


5 


53 


26 


26 


N 
N 
N 


80 28 
27 45 
58 ,38 


E 
E 
W 


s 
s 
s 


80 30 
27 45 
58 37 


w 
w 

E 


3313 
1369 
2256 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Kelley. 


5 


53 


44 


94 


S 

N 
N 


89 
61 

67 


25 
07 

43 


E 
E 
W 


N 

s 

s 


89 21 
61 07 

67 44 


w 
w 

E 


3765 
1296 
1534 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Kelley. 


5 


53 


02 


32 


S 
S 
S 


68 
9 
75 


00 
29 
49 


W 
E 
E 


N 

N 
N 


67 57 
9 29 
75 48 


E 
W 
W 


6675 
5957 
2712 


Joshua. 
Prickly. 
St. Pierre. 



Thence from corner No. 7 along the mean low-water line of 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth 



the shore to corner No. i, e.vcludin;.^ 
at low tide. 



GEANQUAKIN. 
{North Shore Manokin River — Charts Nos. 5 and 7.) 



38 09 02 



2 38.08 41. 22 



3 38 "8 15.04 75 50 56. 73 



75 50 09. 12 S 39 08 W 
S 22 26 E 
S 64 07 E 

75 50 12.44 N 88 14 W 

S 33 12 E 

I S 78 31 E 

S 44 25 W 
S 71 55 E 
N 37 21 E 



° ' Yards. 

N 39 09 E 920 Jean. 

N 22 26 W 2531 !5taff. 

N 64 06 W 2942 Sandy. 



S 88 14 E 
N 3S II W 
N 78 30 W 

N 44 25 E 
N 71 55 W 
S 37 22 W 



4 -^8 08 13.08 75 51 18.98 S 10 30 W N 10 30 E 

S 87 56 E N 87 54 W 

i N 52 58 E S 52 59 W 

! ( I 

Tlicnce from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
-Uiy creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



492 Jean. 

1927 Staff. 

2791 Sandy. 

1023 St. Pierre. 

2350 Staff. 

II 30 Jean. 

676 St. Pierre. 

4276 Cupola. 

1601 Jean. 



86 Siirrrv of Ovstri- B/irs, Soiiirrsf/ C'(iiti/t\\ Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB iJOTTOMS — Continued. 
SPRING ISLAND, 
(East Shore Holland Sirails — Chart No. 6.) 



o ' " Q / " o . o / I Yards. 

1 38 06 ^<). 86 76 03 17.80 S 37 30 \V N 37 28 E 6484 Holland Island liar I,i.i;lil. 

S 68 15 E N 68 13 W 4926 Miles. 

N 35 19 E S 55 20 W 4992 Senator. 

2 38 07 45.04 76 02 35.76 S 34 37 W N 34 36 H 8920 . Holland Island Har I,i,i;lil. 
, " S 40 39 E N 40 38 W 5303 Miles. 

N 77 51 E S 77 52 \V 3054 I Senator. 

3 38 07 •^2,98 76 02 06.20 S 40 II \V N 40 10 E 9076 Holland Island Har Light. 

S 36 24 E N 36 23 \V 4494 Miles. 
N 64 29 E S 64 30 \V 2435 Senator. 

Thence from corner No. 3 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, exchidini; 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



PRY COVE. . 

{East Shore Holland Strails^Charl .No. 6.) 

1" o ' o / '\'ards. 

1 ' 38 05 44. II 76 03 44.60 S 44 43 \V N 44 42 E 4594 Holland Island Bar Liglit. 

S 15 12 E N 15 II W 7546 Fog. 

S 38 05 E N 38 03 W 7318 Solomons Lump Light. 

38 06 ^9.86 76 01, 17.80 S 37 30 \V N 37 28 E 6484 Holland Island Har Light. 

S 68 '15 E N 68 13 W 4926 Miles. 
N 55 19 E S 55 20 \V 4992 Senator. 

Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
anv creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



S/trrn' of (h's/rr /ui/s, Soii/ci srf C '11/////1', Md. 

liOUNDARIES OK CKAIi DoTTOMS — COlllillUecl. 
NORTH KEDGE STRAITS. 

{Entrance Kedgc Straits — Ctiart No. 6.) 



s? 



38 04 29. 67 



38 04 13. 



76 02 08. 









'I 


rue 


bearing 








For 


ward 


j 


B 


ick 




, 




, 


22 


S 


82 


^6 


w 


N 


82 


34 E 




S 


7 


04 


vv 


N 


7 


04 E 




s 


30 


54 


E 


N 


30 


53 W 


41 


s 


87 


,^i 


w 


N 


87 


29 E 




s 


I 


50 


E 


N 


I 


so W 




s 


44 


28 


E 


iN 


44 


27 W 


4":) 


s 


~- 


04 


\y 


N 


-J 


02 E 




s 


22 


so 


E 


N 


22 


50 W 




s 


54 


j8 


E 


M 


54 


27 \Y 


^4 


s 


61 


10 


w 


N 


61 


08 E 




s 


17 


^8 


E 


x\ 


17 


37 ^^■ 




s 


45 


21 


E 


N 


45 


20 w 



Yards. 
5851 Holland Island Bar Light. 
4S09 I Fog. 
3805 I Solomons Lump Light. 



3 38 04 29. 16 76 03 45 



4 38 05 01.98 76 03 40. 



38 05 10.20 76 04 00.70 S 52 53 W N 52 52 E 

S 21 25 E N 21 24 W 

S 46 56 E N 46 54 W 

38 OS 44. II 76 03 44.60 S 44 4^ W N 44 42 E 

I ' S IS 12 E N IS II W 

S 38 05 E N 38 03 W 



5080 
4241 
3826 



3-^93 
SI 60 



Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 



3823 Holland Island Bar Light. 

6150 Fog. 

6195 Solomons. Lump Light. 

3516 Holland Island Bar Light. 

6593 Fog- 

6780 Solomons Lump Light. 

4594 Holland Island Bar Light. 

7546 ( Fog. 

7318 I Solomons Lump Light. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. 1, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



SHEEPSHEAD. 

{North Kedge Straits — Charts Nos. 6 and 7.) 



I 38 04 14.98 76 00 47. 



2 38 03 07.81 



R 4 04 W 

N 48 18 E 
N 10 36 E 

N 31 17 E 
N 9 34 \V 
S 73 09 W 



-58 o->, 52. 80 76 01 33. 90 N 85 49 W 
S 23 10 W 
S 27 1 1 E 



4 38 04 13.84 76 02 35.49 



04 29. 67 76 02 



S 87 31 w 

S I so E 

S 44 28 E 

S 82 i6 W 

S 7 04 W 

S 30 54 E 



N 4 OS E 
S 48 21 W 
S 10 36 W 

S 31 19 W 
S 9 35 E 
N 73 09 E 

S 85 52 E 
N 23 09 E 

N 27 II W 

N 87 29 E 
N I 50 W 
N 44 27 W 

N 82 34 E 
N 7 04 E 
N 30 53 W 



Yards. 

2777 Solomons Lump Light. 

8310 Joshua. 

3 1 1 2 Miles. 



91 18 Joshua. 

5399 Miles. 

1742 vSolomons Lump Light. 

6734 Holland Island Bar Light. 

3837 Fog. 

2272 I Solomons Lump Light. 

5080 Holland Island Bar Light. 

4241 Fog. 

3826 Solomons Lump Light. 

5851 Holland Island Bar Light. 

4809 Fog. 

3805 Solomons Lump Light. 



Thence from tx)rner No. 5 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



88 



S/iriU-]' ()/ Oys/rr /uirs, Soiurrsrl Coinil\\ Md. 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

FISHING POINT. 

(TaiiQiir Sound — Entrance Kedge Straits — Charts No<. 6 and 7.) 



u. «. c. & c. 



38 02 29.00 76 00 56.80 



38 02 44. 78 76 00 55.48 



3 . 38 02 28. 54 76 00 03. 70 



^8 01 35.00 75 59 10.00 S 51 07 E 

: N 18 16 E 
N 46 50 W 

38 01 28.96 75 59 14.56 I vS 57 46 E 
N 18 31 W 
N 43 25 W 





-I 


rueb 


eari 


IS 




Forward 
/ 


Back 






, 


N 
N 
S 


66 43 
74 16 


E 

W 
W 


S 
.S 

N 


3 31 W 
66 46' E 
74 17 E 


N 
N 

vS 


2 38 
70 16 
64 00 


E 

W 
W 


S 
S 

N 


2 38 w 
70 19 E 

63 59 E 


N 
N 
S 


5 08 
59 03 
44 24 


w 

E 


S 
S 
N 


5 08 E 
59 04 E 

44 23 W 



N 51 07 \V 

S 18 18 W 

.S 46 51 E 

N 57 45 W 

S 18 30 E 

S 43 26 E 



Yards. 

805 Solomons Lump Light. 

8389 Holland Island Bar Light. 

2587 Fog. 

272 Solomons Lump Light. 

8224 Holland Island Bar Liglil. 

2817 Fog. 

6674 Miles. 

1593 Solomons Lump Light. 

4327 Terrapin. 

2050 Terrapin. 

1 1502 Joshua. 

3836 Solomons Lump Light. 

2140 Terrapin. 

1 1732 Joshua. 

3894 Solomons Lump Light. 



Thence from corner No. 5 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



SOUTH KEDGE STRAITS. 
{Entrance Kedge Straits — Chart No. 6.) 






, 


„ 





, 











, 









, 




■S'anls. 


I 38 


02 


07. 


00 


76 


02 


34 


00 


N 


68 


1 1 


E 


S 


68 


1 1 


W 


104 


















N 


59 


39 


E 


S 


59 


40 


W 


3060 


















N 


51 


35 


W 


S 


51 


37 


E 


6528 


2 38 


02 


30 


23 


76 


02 


35 


04 


N 


57 


14 


W 


s 


57 


14 


E 


6049 


















S 


9 


26 


E 


N 


9 


26 


W 


755 


















N 


74 


03 


!•: 


s 


74 


04 


W 


2776 


3 38 


02 


46 


44 


76 


01 


48 


74 


N 
S 

N 


66 
40 

81 


40 
42 


w 
w 

E 


s 

N 

s 


66 
40 
8r 


42 
42 

27 


E 
W 


6884 
1704 
1450 


4 38 


02 


52 


84 


76 


00 


54 


95 


N 


72 


03 


w 


s 


72 


06 


E 


8152 


















S 


59 


23 


w 


N 


59 


22 


E 


2958 


















S 


42 


12 


E 


N 


42 


08 


W 


13S40 


5 38 


02 


44 


78 


76 


00 


55 


48 


N 


2 


38 


E 


s 


2 


38 


W 


272 


















N 


70 


16 


W 


S 


70 


19 


E 


8224 


















S 


64 


00 


W 


N 


63 


59 


E 


2817 



38 02 29. 00 ' 76 00 56. 



N 3 3t E S 3 31 W 
N 66 43 W S 66 46 E 
S 74 i6 W N 74 17 E 



Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland. Island Bar Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light. 

Fog. 

Solomons Lump Light. 



Holland Island Bar Lighl 
Fog. 
1450 Solomons Lump Light. 

Holland Island Bar Light 
Fog. 
13S40 Janes Island Light. 



Solomons Lump Light. 
Holland Island Bar Light 
Fog. 



805 Solomons Lump Light. 
8389 Holland Island Bar Light. 
2587 Fog. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. t, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less thin 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide 



Sitmcy of Oyster B(7rs, SoiuiTse/ Co/n/Zv, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
SMITH ISLAND THOROUGHFARE. 
(Smith Island — Charts Nos. 6, 8, and g.) 



Cor- 

""t°' Latitude 
torn 


Longitude 




True bearing 




Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


S 
S 

N 

S 
S 

N 


Forward 


Back 




station 


1 37 59 49- 66 

2 38 oo 1 1 . 66 


76 02 56. 68 
76 03 01.32 


15 55 E 

80 46 E 
6 08 W 

14 23 E 
58 34 w 

4 20 W 


N 15 55 
N 80 45 
S 6 08 

N 14 23 
N 58 34 
S 4 20 


W 

w 

E 

w 

E 
E 


Yards. 
2397 
1504 
2160 

3145 
1885 
1410 


Old Church. 
North Church. 
Joseph. 

Old Churcli. 
North Church. 
Joseph. 



Thence from corner No. i along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



TERRAPIN SAND. 
{Southwest Tangier Sound — Charts Nos. 7 and 9.) 



/ 


/ u 


t 


/ 


Yards. 


I 38 01 28. 96 


75 59 14- 56 


S 57 46 E 

N 18 31 W 
N 43 25 W 


N 57 45 W 
S 18 30 E 
S 43 26 E 


2140 [ Terrapin. 
1 1732 ! Joshua. 
3894 1 Solomons Lump Light. 


2 38 01 35. 00 


75 59 lo-oo 


S 51 07 K 
N 18 16 E 
N 46 50 W 


N SI 07 W 
S 18 18 W 
S 46 51 E 


2050 Terrapin. 
1 1502 Joshua. 
3836 Solomons Lump Light. 


3 


38 01 01. 70 


75 57 33-37 


S 80 30 W 
S 23 13 W 
N 78 09 E 


N 80 30 E 
N 23 12 E 
S 78 14 w 


995 , Terrapin. 
8424 Horse. 
8233 1 Flat Cap. 


4 


38 00 15. 12 


75 57 lo- 17 


N 48 42 W 
S 32 34 W 
S 33 43 E 


S 48 43 E 
N 32 32 E 
N 33 42 W 


2 13 1 , Terrapin. 

7322 ' Horse. 

5938 Janes Island Light. 


5 


38 00 10. 56 


75 57 23.66 


N 38 30 W 
S 30 45 W 
S 37 22 E 


S 38 30 E 
N 30 44 E 
N 37 21 W 


1994 Terrapin. 

7002 Horse. 

6022 Janes Island Light. 


6 


38 00 18.54 


75 58 43-38 


S 13 00 W 
S 48 51 E 
N 34 27 E 


N 13 00 E 
N 48 49 W 
S 34 27 w 


6453 Horse. 

7680 1 Janes Lsland Light. 

1566 \ Terrapin. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



50095—08 12 



90 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Soii/eisel Coiii/lv, Me/. 



Cor- 
ner of 
bot- 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 
SOUTH MARSH. 

(West Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 



















True bearing 








I.all 


udi 




1 


..IIBlU,, 


V 








- -- 






Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. trianeulati 
station 
















For 


ward 


Back 








/ 


, 




, 




Yards. 




.lS o.s 


46 


97 


76 


00 23 


.S8 


N 


66 


27 


E 


S 66 29 


W 


6072 


Joshua. 














N 


6 


36 


W 


S 6 36 


E 


4654 


Senator. 














S 


57 


1 I 


W 


N 57 II 


E 


80 


Miles. 


38 05 


49 


58 


76 


00 03 


78 


s 


77 


38 


W' 


N 77 38 


E 


609 


Miles 














s 


12 


54 


w 


N 12 53 


E 


6113 


Solomons Lump Lighl. 














N 


65 


07 


E 


S 63 09 


W 


5.S53 


Joshua. 


.-^S 03 


40 


94 


lr> 


.'i9 ,?2 


90 


N 


18 


38 


w 


S 18 38 


E 


4440 


Miles. 














S 


53 


27 


w 


N 53 27 


E 


2723 


Solomons Lump Light. 














s 


21 


45 


E 


N 21 44 


W 


5957 


Terrapin. 


.?8 oj 


07 


81 


7.S 


,S9 .S2 


42 


N 


31 


17 


E 


S 31 19 


W 


9118 


Joshua. 














N 


9 


34 


W 


S 9 35 


E 


5399 


Miles. 














S 




09 


W 


N 73 09 


E 


1742 


Solomons Lumji Light 


38 04 


14 


98 


76 


00 47 


58 


s 


4 


04 


w 


N 4 03 


E 


2777 


Solomons Lump Light. 














N 


48 


18 


E 


S 48 21 


W 


8310 


Joshua. 














N 


10 


36 


E 


S 10 36 


w 


3112 


Miles. 



Thence from corner No. 5 along the mean low-water line of the shore to coiner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



WENONA. 
(East Upper Tangier Sound — Chart No. 7.) 



I 


/ 

38 07 07. 07 


75 57 00-83 


N 72 02 W 
S 63 23 W 
S 30 39 E 


S 72 04 E 
N 63 21 E 
N 30 38 W 


Yards. 

6239 

61 ig 

322 


Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 


2 


38 07 07.81 


75 57 24.02 


N 70 21 W 
S 60 18 W 
S 68 54 E 


S 70 23 E 
N 60 17 E 
N 68 54 W 


5646 

5584 

839 


Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 


3 


38 07 49. 36 


75 57 48-36 


N 83 55 W 
S 45 14 W 
S 40 02 E 


S 83 53 E 
N 45 13 E 
N 40 01 W 


4695 
5920 
2224 


Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 


4 


38 07 50. 57 


75 57 26.57 


N 85 01 W 
S 48 40 W 
S 26 00 E 


S 85 03 E 
N 48 38 E 
N 26 00 W 


5269 
6371 
1940 


Senator. 

iMiles. 

Joshua. 



Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No 5, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide 



5 38 07 37-8-^ 75 56 52 



07 37 02 75 56 47. 46 



N 81 48 \V 
S 56 28 W 
S 2 50 W 

N 81 4^ W 
S S7 14 W 
S 8 29 W 



S 81 SI E 

N 56 25 E 

N 2 50 E 

S 81 46 E 

N 57 II E 

N 8 29 E 



6228 Senator. 
6838 Miles. 
13 16 Joshua 

6357 , Senator. 

6929 I Miles. 
1301 Joshua. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



excluding 



Survey of Oyster Bars, Sotuerse/ Cojuit\\ Aid. 



91 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
LITTLE DEAL ISLAND. 
(North Entrance Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 






True bearing 








nerol 


Latitude 


I-ongitude 




Distance 


u. s. c. 




bot- 
tom 


Forward 


Back 


station 




, 


, 


, 


Yards. 






I 


38 07 01. 70 


75 56 01.94 


N 63 17 E : S 63 18 W 
N 43 19 E ' S 43 20 W 
S 86 06 W N 86 05 E 


5355 
3249 
1407 


Marsh. 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 




- 


38 06 55. 34 


7,'i ,S5 50- 46 


N 59 39 E : S 59 41 W 
N 36 43 E S 36 44 W 
N 86 02 W S 86 01 E 


5201 
3216 
1715 


Marsh. 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 




■ 3 


38 06 40. 44 


7.=; 56 03. 80 


N 57 07 E 
N 36 29 E 
N 65 22 W 


S 57 05 W 
S 36 28 W 
vS 65 23 E 


5756 
3832 
1491 


Marsh. 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 





4 I 38 06 22.24 75 55 56.58 



38 06 22.82 75 57 00.64 



S 69 12 E 
S 29 27 E 
N 51 25 \V 

S 73 38 E , 

N 45 54 E 

N 7 28 El 

38 06 55.00 75 56 48.50 S 65 12 E 
N 53 15 E 
N 51 35 W 



N 69 10 W 
N 29 26 W 
S 51 25 E 



6018 
4243 
1979 



Prickly. 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 



N 73 36 W 7643 Prickly. 
S 45 55 W 5281 Kelley. 
S 7 28 W 1226 Joshua. 



N 65 10 W 
S S3 16 W 
S 51 35 E 



7722 Prickly. 

4330 Kelley. 

210 Joshua. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



LOWER THOROUGHFARE. 

(Inside of Little Deal Island — Chart No. 7.) 





, 





, 


, 


, 


Yards. 




\ 


38 07 33. 58 


75 


.55 38. 18 


S 60 08 W 
S 48 31 E 
N 51 05 E 


N 60 07 E 
N 48 29 W 
S 51 05 W 


2350 
6856 
2052 


Joshua. 
Prickly. 
Kelley. 


~ 


38 07 20. 78 


75 


55 27.89 


N 65 32 E 
N 37 32 E 
S 72 17 W 


S 65 33 W 
S 37 32 W 
N 72 16 E 


4260 
2170 
2427 


Marsh . 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 


3 


38 06 55.34 


75 


55 50.46 


N 59 39 E 
N 36 43 E 
N 86 02 W 


s 59 41 w 

S 36 44 W 
S 86 01 E 


5201 
3216 
1715 


Marsh. 
Kelley 
Joshua. 


4 


38 07 01, 70 


75 


56 01. 94 


N 63 17 E 
N 43 19 E 
S 86 06 W 


S 63 18 W 
S 43 20 W 
N 86 05 E 


5355 
3249 
1407 


Marsh. 
Kelley. 
Joshua. 


5 


38 07 37. 02 

■ 


75 


56 47.46 


N 81 43 W 
S 57 14 W 
S 8 29 W 


S 81 46 E 
N 57 II E 
N 8 29 E 


6357 
6929 
1 301 


Senator 

Miles. 

Joshua. 


6 


38 07 37. 82 


75 


56 52. 22 


N 81 48 W 
S 56 28 W 
S 2 so W 


S 81 51 E 
N 56 25 E 
N 2 50 E 


6228 
6838 
1316 


Senator. 

Miles. 

Joshua. 



Tlicnce from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner N 
iny creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



92 



Sifri'ty of Ojs/cr Bars, Soiiursr/ County, Aid, 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS —Continued. 

PINEY ISLAND. 

{Entrance Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 




Smvcy of OysUr Bais., Soiiicisf/ Coi(ii/y.i Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 

TEAGUE CREEK. 

{^Sovih Shore Manokin River— Cliart No. 7.) 



93 



Cor- 
ner of 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True bearing 


Distance 












torn 






Forward 


Back 






I 


38 06 48. 06 


75 50 19-23 


S 76 44 E 
N 29 12 E 

N 37 54 W 


N 76 44 W 
S 29 13 W 
S 37 54 E 


Yards. 
3578 
2526 
2791 


Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

St. Pierre. 


2 


38 07 00. 26 


75 50 28.47 


S 71 43 E 
N 39 36 E 
N 39 21 W 


N 71 42 W 
S 39 36 W 
S 39 21 E 


3928 

2325 
2316 


Fairmount Church. 

Staff. 

St. Pierre. 


3 


38 07 36. 22 


75 50 21.92 


S 55 29 E 
N 66 06 E 

N .70 36 W 


N 55 28 W 
S 66 07 W 
vS 70 36 E 


4314 
1430 
1742 


Fairmount Cliurch. 

Staff. 

St. Pierre. 



Thence from corner No. 3 along the mean low- water line of the shore to comer No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



GOOSE CREEK. 
{S<nUh Shore Manokin River — Chart No. 7.) 





, 


, 


/ 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 05 18.83 


75 52 25.47 


N 17 33 E 
N 64 48 W 
S 2 18 E 


S 17 34 W 
S 64 50 E 
N 2 18 W 


5466 
7926 
3520 


St. Pierre. 

Joshua. 

Has. 


2 


38 05 18.78 


75 52 39- 20 


N 89 35 E 
N 5 59 W 
N 63 36 W 


S 89 35 W 
S 5 59 E 
S 63 39 E 


366 
5910 
7597 


Prickly. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 


3 


38 06 05. 78 


75 52 32. 34 


S 6 36 E 

N 85 04 E 
N 26 46 E 


N 6 36 W 
S 85 07 W 
S 26 47 W 


1593 
7056 
4964 


Prickly. 

Fairmount Church * 

St. Pierre. 


4 


38 06 24. 82 


75 51 34- 20 


S 89 37 E 
N 5 24 E 
N 32 44 W 


N 89 35 W 
S 5 24 w 
S 32 45 E 


5481 
3000 
4340 


Fairmount Church. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 


5 


38 06 17.94 


75 51 23.71 


N 87 51 E 
N 03 E 

N 34 04 W 

■ 


S 87 53 W 
S 03 W 

S 34 05 E 


5204 
3214 
4687 


Fairmount Church. 
St. Pierre. 
Marsh. 



Thence from corner No. 5 along th^ mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



94 



Survey of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Coiaitv, Aid. 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

MINE CREEK. 

{South Entrance Manokin kiver — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 


Latitude . 


Longitude 




True bearing 




Distance 




bot- 
tom 




Forward 




Back 




station 




/ 


, 




, 






, 




Yards. 




1 


38 04 19.88 


75 52 56.22 


S 
S 

N 


7 35 
32 09 
22 24 


E 
E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


7 35 
32 09 
22 25 


W 
W 
W 


5040 
1807 
2150 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 


2 38 04 28. 72 


7.5 53 19- 95 


S 
S 

N 


13 47 E 

41 06 E 
40 40 E 


N 
N 
S 


13 46 
41 05 
40 41 


W 

w 

w 


5452 
2426 
2228 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 


3 38 04 32. 62 


75 53 >5-53 


S 

s 

N 


12 16 E 
37 08 E 
40 34 E 


N 
N 
S 


12 16 
37 07 
40 35 


w 
w 
w 


5552 
2445 
2052 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 


4 38 05 01. 80 


75 52 41-83 


N 
N 
N 


19 48 

4 50 

59 37 


E 

W 
W 


s 
s 
s 


19 49 

4 50 

59 39 


w 

E 
E 


6149 

6473 
7808 


St. Pierre. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 


5 1 38 05 18. 78 


75 52 39- 20 


N 
N 
N 


89 35 

5 59 

63 36 


E 
W 
W 


s 
s 
s 


89 35 

5 59 

63 39 


W 
E 
E 


366 
5910 
7597 


Prickly. 

Marsh. 

Joshua. 


6 1 38 05 18. 83 


75 52 25.47 


N 
N 
S 


17 33 

64 48 

2 i8 


E 
W 
E 


s 
s 

■N 


17 34 

64 50 

2 18 


W 
E 
W 


5466 
7926 
3520 


St. Pierre 

Joshua. 

Has. 


Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 















HAZARD. 
















{East Ta 


ngii 


'r So 


und 


—Chart No 


7-) 










/ 







Yards. 






I 


, 38 03 34. 52 


75 52 20. 16 


N 
S 
S 


2 

84 

4 


18 
12 
53 


W 

w 
w 


S 

N 

N 


2 
84 
4 


18 
07 
53 


E 

1 


3520 
13798 
3480 


Prickly. 

Solomons Lump 
Flat Cap. 


Light 


2 


38 03 14. 58 


75 52 22. 80 


S 

s 

N 


4 
79 

5 


38 
40 
59 


w 

E 
W 


N 
N 
S 


4 

79 

5 


37 
38 
59 


E 
W 
E 


2804 

4804 

676 


Flat Cap. 

Geog. 

Has. 




^ 


38 03 37. 66 


75 53 06. 76 


s 
s 

N 


14 
85 
17 


50 
08 

53 


E 
E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


•4 

85 
17 


50 
07 
53 


W 

w 
w 


3696 
1247 
3585 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 




4 


38 04. 28. 72 


75 53 19 95 


s 

s 

N 


13 
41 
40 


47 
06 
40 


E 
E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


13 
41 
40 


46 
05 
41 


w 
w 
w 


5452 
2426 
2228 


Flat Cap. 

Has. 

Prickly. 




5 


38 04 19. 88 


75 52 56.22 


s 

s 

N 


7 
32 
22 


35 
09 

24 


E 

E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


7 
32 
22 


35 
09 
25 


w 
w 
w 


5040 
1807 
2150 


Flat Cap 

Has. 

Prickly 




6 


38 03 40. 62 


75 52 34 38 


s 
s 

N 


I 
28 
4 


'7 
29 
06 


E 
E 
E 


N 
N 
S 


I 

28 
4 


17 
29 
06 


w 
w 
w 


3673 

431 

3320 


Flat Cap 

Has. 

Prickly. 





Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No 1, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



I 



S/irz'cy of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Coiiiil\\ Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
SHARK POINT. 

{North Entrance Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



95 



Cor- 
nerof 


Latitude 
38 04 03.54 


I 

75 


ongitudc 
5 1 00. 00 


ITrue bearing 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


bot- 
tom 


Forward 


Back 


station 


I 


S 28 43 W 
S 45 03 E 
N 89 13 E 


N 28 42 E 
N 45 02 W 
S S9 14 W 


Yards. 
5078 
3559 
1868 


Flat Cap. 

Geog. 

Ford. 


2 


38 03 45.06 


75 


51 07.58 


S 30 17 W 
S 55 12 E 

N 72 37 E 


N 30 17 E 
N 55 11 W 
S 72 37 W 


4426 

3314 
2170 


Flat Cap. 

Geog 

Ford. 


3 


38 03 16.52 


75 


51 49.69 


N 63 14 E 
N 53 14 W 
S 21 12 W 


S 63 15 w 
S 53 14 E 
N 21 12 E 


3576 
1014 
3066 


Ford. 
Has. 
Flat Cap. 


4 T,S 03 14.58 


75 


52 22. 80 


S 4 38 w 

S 79 40 E 
N 5 59 W 


N 4 37 E 
N 79 38 W 
S 5 59 E 


2804 

4804 

676 


Flat Cap. 

Geog. 

Has. 


5 


38 03 34- 52 


75 


52 20. 16 


N 2 18 W 
S 84 12 W 
S 4 53 W 


S 2 18 E 
N 84 07 E 
N 4 53 E 


3520 
13798 
3480 


Prickly. 

Solomons Lump Light. 

Flat Cap. 



Thence -from corner No 5 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



FORDS WHARF. 

{North Shore Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 





, 


, 


„ 


, 


, 


Yards. 




1 


38 03 59. 36 


75 49 


12.98 


N 80 26 W 

S 8 02 W 
S 73 14 E 


S 80 26 E 

N 8 02 E 
N 73 14 W 


998 
2397 
1923 


Ford. 

Geog. 
Moon. 


2 


38 03 51.42 


75 49 


12.66 


N 66 25 W 
S 9 16 W 
S 43 22 E 


S 66 25 E 
N 9 16 E 
N 43 21 W 


1084 
2134 
2420 


Ford. 
Geog. 
Colbum. 


3 


38 03 45.06 


75 51 


07.58 


S 30 17 W 

S 55 12 E 
N 72 37 E 


N .30 17 E 
N 55 II W 
S 72 37 W 


4426 
3314 
2170 


Flat Cap 

Geog. 

Ford. 


4 


38 04 03. 54 


75 51 


00. 00 


S 28 43 W 
S 45 03 E 
N 89 13 E 


N 28 42 E 
N 45 02 W 
S 89 14 W 


5078 
3559 
1868 


Flat Cap. 

Geog. 

Ford. 



Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



96 



Sun'cy of Oyster Bars, Somerset Coiditv, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continuefl. 

CRANE COVE. 
{Upper Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 
nerofl 
bot- 
tom 



75 48 07. 10 



S 49 22 W 
S 3 24 W 
N 74 44 E 



N 49 21 E 
N 3 24 E 
S 74 44 W 



Yards. 

2755 Geog. 

1452 I Colburn. 

86 , Moon. 



2 ' 38 03 38-99 75 48 30-78 S 40 53 W N 40 53 E 2231 j Geog. 

I S 22 07 E , N 22 07 W 1447 Colburn. 

j N 79 33 E ' S 79 33 W 711 Moon. 



3 38 03 30. 79 75 48 41.32 



4 38 03 33. 72 



75 48 44-02 



S 39 54 W 
S 37 50 E 
N 67 43 E 

S 36 16 W 
S 37 41 E 
N 73 50 E 



N 39 54 E 1838 

N 37 49 W 1347 

S 67 43 W 1076 

N 36 16 E 1871 

N 37 41 W 1470 

S 73 51 W 1 1 12 



Geog. 

Colburn. 

Moon. 

Geog. 

Colburn. 

Moon. 



Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in -nidth at its mouth at low tide. 



MOON BAY. 
{Upper Big Annemessex River — Cliart No. 7.) 





/ n 


, rr , 


/ 


Yards. 




I 


38 04 32. 37 


75 47 18.00 N 19 43 W 
S 36 18 w 
S 23 57 W 


S 19 44 E 
N 36 18 E 
N 23 57 E 


3987 
2069 
3436 


Fairmount Church. 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


2 


38 04 36.08 


75 47 II. 1 8 N 22 50 W 
S 38 07 W 
S 25 44 W 


S 22 50 E 
N 38 06 E 

N 25 43 E 


3937 
2279 
3625 


Fairmount Church. 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


3 


38 04 17.56 


75 47 10.50 N 19 58 W 
S 50 39 W 
S 31 08 W 


S 19 59 E 
N 50 38 E 
N 31 07 E 


4525 
1843 
3085 


Fairmount Church. 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


4 


38 03 51.40 


75 47 54-40 N 4 II W 
S 41 37 W 
S 13 35 W 


S 4 II E 

N 41 37 E 
N 13 35 E 


5149 
384 
1810 


Fairmount Church. 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


5 


38 03 34.46 


75 47 58. 21 N 28 16 W 
S 56 38 w 
S 15 13 w 


S 28 16 E 
N 56 37 E 
N 15 13 E 


323 
2788 
1231 


Moon. 
Geog. 
Colburn. 


6 


38 03 42.22 


75 48 07. 10 S 49 22 W 

S 3 24 w 

N 74 44 E 


N 49 21 E 
N 3 24 E 
S 74 44 W 


2756 

1452 

86 


Geog. 

Colburn. 

Moon. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at lowitide. 



S/trvcr (>/ Oys/r/' Bars^ Saii/crs/i LOidiIy^ Mil. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

RED CAP CREEK. 

(Upper Big Annemcsscx River — Chart No. y.) 



97 



True bearing 
Forward Back 



I ! 38 04 26.31 75 46 37.60 N 31 27 W IS 31 28 E 
I S 57 .3.5 W N 57 33 E 

S 40 07 W N 40 06 E 



Yards. 
4640 

2727 
3839 



Fairmount Church. 

Moon. 

Colburn. 



3857 Fairmount Churcli. 



2 38 04 44. 16 75 46 57. 22 N 29 30 W IS 29 31 E 3857 I Fairrr 

S 40 44 W I N 40 44 E 2725 I Moon 

S 28 51 W I N 28 51 E 4040 Colburn. 

Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



MILES. 
(Upper Big Anncmessex River — Chart No. 7.) 








, 









, 




Yards. 




N 


22 


00 


W 


s 


22 


00 


E 


5513 


Fairmount Church. 


S 


81 


01 


W 


N 


81 


00 


E 


1968 


Moon. 


s 


49 


S3 


w 


N 


49 


.52 


E 


2766 


Colburn. 


N 


19 


42 


\\- 


s 


19 


43 


E 


5179 


Fairmount Church. 


S 


71 


2,S 


w 


N 


71 


25 


E 


1715 


Moon. 


S 


41 


40 


w 


N 


41 


39 


E 


2701 


Colburn. 


N 


23 


59 


w 


S 


24 


00 


E 


4927 


Fairmount Church. 


S 


63 


.56 


\v 


N 


63 


55 


E 


2095 


Moon. 


s 


40 


37 


w 


N 


40 


36 E 


3153 


Colburn. 


N 


25 


08 


w 


S 


25 


09 


E 


5086 


Fairmount Churcli. 


s 


68 


08 


w 


N 


68 


08 


E 


2196 


Moon. 


s 


44 


00 


w 


N 


43 


59 


E 


3183 


Colburn. 



I 38 03 52. 10 75 46 51.00 



38 03 59. 10 75 47 02. 



3 38 04 10. 22 75 46 53.34 



4 38 04 07. 16 75 46 47.40 N 25 



Thence from corner Ko. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, e.xcludii 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low^ tide. 



50095—08 13 



Siirifv of Dvs/cr />'(// s, SoiiitTsr/ Coiii/tr, Md. 

riOUNDAKIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — COIllilUU'd. 

COLBURN. 

(Vpf>cr Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 

True bearing 

Lungitudi.- , - Dis 

l'(.r«;ird Back 



/ 


" 







/ 


Yards. 




5 47 


30.76 


X 


r, jy W 


-S c, 29 K 


6108 


Fairmount Church 






s 


55 44 W 


X 55 44 E 


107 I 


Moon. 






s 


50 30 \V 


X 50 30 E 


1567 


Colburn. 



N 9 ifi W S 9 17 E 
N 6j jg W , S 62 30 E 
S 44 06 W i X 44 06 E 



5934 Fairmount Churi-li. 
94 i Moon. 
144s Colburn. 



I 38 03 25.02 

- ^^ 03 30.00 75 47 32.62 

3 38 03 46.98 75 47 28. 88 

4 58 03 56. 66 75 47 23. 30 

5 38 03 58.06 75 47 14.60 

6 38 03 47. 78 75 46 59. 70 



• Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Xo. i, excludin},' 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



N 

S 
S 


1 1 

81 

34 


18 
38 
28 


\V 

w 


s 

N 
N 


1 1 

81 
34 


18 

37 
28 


E 
E 
E 


5388 
945 
1953 


Fairmount Church 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


X 

s 
s 


13 
66 
.^2 


39 
49 
56 


w 
w 
w 


s 

N 

X 


13 
66 

32 


40 
49 
55 


E 
F, 
E 


5102 
1 179 
2307 


Fairmount Churcli 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


X 

s 
s 


16 
68 
36 


18 
43 
50 




s 

N 
N 


16 

68 
36 


19 
43 
50 


E 
E 
E 


5116 
1409 
^485 


Fairmount Church 

Moon. 

Colburn. 


X 

s 
s 


19 
84 
49 


13 
31 
00 


w 
w 

W" 


S 
N 
X 


19 

84 

49 


14 
30 
00 


E 
E 
E 


5568 
1720 
2496 


Fairmount Cluircli 

Moon. 

Colburn. 



JACKSOX ISLAND. 
(South Shore Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7. 






' 









' 








° 


' 









' 




Yards. 






38 


02 


18 


76 


rz, 


50 


16 


42 


X 


53 


06 


E 


s 


53 


07 


W 


1696 


Geog. 


















X 


1 1 


14 


E 


s 


1 1 


14 


\X 


3627 


Ford 




















X 


5^ 


15 


W 


s 


52 


16 


E 


4173 


Has. 




38 


02 


16 


18 


-. 


5" 


37 


78 


N 


60 


08 


E 


s 


60 


09 


W 


2221 


Geog 




















N 


19 


18 


E 


s 


19 


18 


W 


3862 


Ford 




















K 


45 


56 


W 


s 


45 


57 


E 


3799 


Has. 




38 


03 


05 


44 


75 


50 


32 


58 


S 


7- 


45 


E 


N 


72 


44 


W 


1872 


Geog 




















N 
N 


^9 

71 


50 

07 


E 


s 


29 

71 


50 
08 


E 


2287 
3031 


Ford 
Has. 




38 


03 


17 


77 


75 


49 


31 


■7 


S 


8 


47 


'E 


N 


8 


47 


W 


982 


Geog 




















X 


69 


58 


E 


s 


69 


59 


W 


^475 


Moon 




















N 


17 


40 


W 


s 


17 


40 


E 


1646 


Ford 




38 


03 


03 


08 


-- 


48 


54 


81 


S 


83 


45 


E 


X 


83 


45 


w 


1193 


Colburn 


















N 


45 


17 


E 


s 


45 


17 


w 


1908 


Moon. 


















N 


35 


27 


W 


s 


35 


^7 


E 


2533 


Ford. 


38 


02 


40 


80 


75 


49 


05 


64 


N 


67 


09 


E 


s 


67 


10 


^\■ 


1601 


Colburn 


















N 


22 


45 


W 


s 


22 


45 


E 


3052 


Ford. 


















N 


60 


34 


\v 


vS 


60 


34 


E 


598 


Geog 





Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Surz'rr of Chs/i-r A'urs, S(>)i/rrsri Coiiii/r, Md. 



99 



BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS —Continued. 

JONES CREHK. 

(SoKtJi SIniK' lUi/ Aiiiiemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



.iingitude 


For 

NT- 38 
N 43 
S 88 


Tru5 
ward 


bearing 

Back 




Distance 

Yards. 
2306 
4654 
3530 


V. S. C. & G. S. tri 
station 

■ Geog. 
Has. 
Flat Cap. 


uiRiilation 


50 19.00 


10 
06 


E 
W 
W 


1 

1 _ 

S 38 

S 43 
N 88 


1 1 
59 
05 


W 
E 
E 




50 37- 78 


N 60 
N 19 
N 4.S 


08 
1 8 
3& 


E 
E 
W 


vS 60 
S .9 
S 45 


09 
18 


\v 
w 

E 


2221 
3862 
3799 


Geog. 
Ford. 
Has. 




50 16. 42 


N .S3 
N II 
N S2 


06 
14 
I.S 


E 
E 
W 


S 53 
S 11 

S 5 2 


07 

14 
16 


W 
W 


i6g6 
3627 
4173 


Geog. • 

Ford. 

Has. 




■ No. 3 alung tlie mean low-water line of the sho 
le^s tlum lot) yards in width at .its mouth lU 1o« 


re to corner No. 4, 
tide. 


excluding 


4<) 56, ijS 


N 39 
N s6 
S 77 


28 
13 
30 


E 
W 
W 


S 39 
S s6 

N 77 


^9 
14 
28 


w 

E 


1319 
4593 
4216 


Geog. 
Has. 
Flat Cap. 




50 01.30 


N 31 
S 8j 


49 
21 

47 


E 
W 
W 


S 33 
S SI 
N 82 


49 
46 


W 
E 
E 


1714 
4740 
403 -" 


Geog. 
Has'. 
Flat Cap. 




49 .^■^■38 


N 27 
N 33 
S 82 


39 


E 
W 

w 


S 27 
X 82 


29 


W 
E 
E 


■55 7 
4904 
4^73 


Geog. 
Has. 
Flat Cap. 





38 0! 



38 02 16. 1 8 



38 02 18. 76 



inv creek, cove, 



38 Oi 06 75 



38 02 07. 9s 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the sliore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width ;-.t its mouth at low tide. 



DAUGHERTV CREEK. 
(South Shore Big .Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



38 02 06. 59 75 so S4- 34 N s8 46 E S 58 47 W 
N 37 36 W S 37 37 E 
S 79 10 W N 79 09 E 



Yards. 

2769 Geog. 

^7SO Has. 

2632 Flat Cap, 



38 01 



37.78 N 60 08 E S 60 09 W 2221 Geog. 

N 19 18 E .S ig 18 \V 3862 Ford. 

X 4.S 56 W S 45 37 E 3799 Has, 

19.00 N 38 10 E vS 38 II W ^306 Geog. 

N 4^ ,S7 W S 43 59 E 4654 Has. 

vS 88 06 \V N 88 03 E 3530 Flat Cap. 



Tlience from corner No. 3 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low- tide. 



100 



S/iiri-y !>/ ()]'S/r/- /yars, Smurrsf/ Coii>il\\M(I. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

TENTH POINT. 

{Sotith Shore Big Annemessex River — Chart No. 7.) 



Cor- 
ner of 
bot- 
tom 



U. S. C. & G. S. triangulati. 






' 


" 





' 


" 




° 


' 









' 




Yards. 1 




38 


02 


10. 18 


75 


52 


19. 76 


S 


26 


IS 


\V 


N 


26 


15 


E • 


694 


Flat Cap. 














N 


74 


16 


E 


S 


74 


17 


W 


4827 


Geog. 














N 





>3 


W 


vS 





13 


E 


2842 


Has. 


38 


02 


23-42 


75 


52 


03. 18 


N 


46 


15 


E 


s 


46 


16 


w 


1 4919 


Ford. 














N 


10 


42 


W 


s 


10 


42 


E 


1 2440 


Has. 














S 


35 


01 


W 


N 


35 


OI 


E 


1314 


Flat Cap. 


38 


02 


32- 43 


75 


51 


27.28 


X 


39 


58 


E 


s 


39 


59 


w 


4041 


Ford. 














N 


33 


57 


W 


s 


33 


58 


E 


2524 


Has. 














S 


51 


1 1 


W 


N 


51 


10 


E 


2 1 go 


Flat Cap. 


38 


02 


16. 18 


75 


50 


37- 78 


N 


60 


08 


E 


S 


60 


09 


W 


2221 


Geog. 














N 


19 


18 


E 


s 


19 


18 


W 


3862 


Ford. 














N 


45 


56 


W 


vS 


45 


57 


E 


3799 


Has. 


38 


02 


06.39 


75 


50 


54- 34 


N 


58 


46 


E 


s 


58 


47 


W 


2769 


Geog. 














N 


37 


36 


W 


vS 


37 


37 


E 


3750 


Has. 














S 


79 


10 


w 


-\ 


79 


09 


E 


2632 


Flat Cap. 



Thence from corner Xo. 5 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



SHANKS CREEK. 
{Smith Island— Chart No. S.) 



76 01 47.78 S 88 19 E X 88 17 W 
N 24 06 E S 24 07 W 
N 22 07 W S 22 07 E 



Ya rds. 

3472 Horse. 

2535 Ew'ell Church. 

3138 Old Church. 



" 37 57 15 78 76 02 17. S3 S 88 20 E X 88 iS \V 4268 Horse. 

' ' N 38 36 E S 38 37 W 2932 Ewell Church. 
1 N 7 39 W S 7 39 E 2909 Old Church. 

Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, e.xcluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Siirr'f'v ()/ Oys/rr />'ars, Soiiirrsf/ C lUiiilw Mii. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 

TYLERS CREEK. 

(Smitli Island — Charts A'oi. S and 9.) 

True bearing 



37 57 13-20 



76 00 24. 18 S 88 14 E 
N 26 42 W 
N 48 s7 W 



N 88 14 W 
S 26 42 E 
S 48 59 E 



3.7 57 14. 16 ] 76 01 OS. -,o S 88 17 E N 88 16 W 
N 2 24 \V S 2 24 E 
X 38 16 W S 38 15 E 



Yards. 

1239 Horse. 

2662 Ewell Church. 

4524 Old Church. 

2338 Horse. 

2348 Ewell Church. 

3741 Old Church. 



Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low- tide. 



BIG ISLAND. 
(Soullnuest Tangier Sound — Chart No. p.) 



37 59 14. 18 75 58 57. 16 



37 58 13-99 I 75 57 58. 77 



3 37 57 43- 01 75 58 22 



4 37 57 25.62 



5 37 57 06.40 75 58 59. 1: 



37 57 12.07 75 59 37.78 



s 


14 


45 


W 


N 


14 


45 E 


s 


64 


53 


E 


N 


64 


51 W 


X 


19 


54 


E 


s 


19 


55 W 


s 


51 


42 


W 


N 


SI 


41 E 


s 


79 


27 


E 


X 


79 


29 W 


N 


3 


20 


W 


S 


3 


21 E 


X 


87 


55 


E 


S 


87 


57 ^^" 


X 


2 




E 


S 


2 


S7 \V 


s 


62 


29 


W 


N 


62 


28 E 


X 


81 


49 


E 


S 


81 


51 w 


N 


4 


02 


E 


S 


4 


02 W 


s 


76 


02 


W 


N 


76 


01 E 


N 


77 


04 


E 


S 


jy 


06 W 


N 


9 


32 


E 


S 


9 


33 W 


N 


79 


30 


W 


s 


79 


31 E 


s 


6 


49 


E 


N 


6 


49 W 


X 


80 


19 


E 


s 


80 


22 W 


X 


'7 


08 


E 


s 


17 


09 W 



Yards. 

4257 Horse. 

^793 Janes Island Light. 

3681 Terrapin. 

3368 Horse. 

4672 Janes Island Light. 

5499 Terrapin. 

,^238 Janes Island Light. 

6544 Terrapin. 

2257 Horse. 

,=i456 Janes Island Light. 

7139 Terrapin. 

1 89 1 Horse. 

6366 Janes Island Light. 

7878 Terrapin. 

1050 Horse. 

8754 Reach Hammock. 

7341 Janes Island Light. 

7931 Terrapin. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



.SV/rrvr of Oys/fr /'firs, Soii/nsc/ ('i>mit\\ .)/<■/. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — continued 

DRUM. 

{SimllncL'sl 'faiKiicr Soutid — Chart \t>. g.) 



Cor- 










'J 


rrue b 


earing 










nerof 


Latitude 


Longitude 














ick 




Distance 


U. H. C. it (;. S. trial 


bot- 
tom 




Forward 


Bi 


station 




/ 


, 







, 









, 




Yards. 




I 


38 00 18. 54 


75 58 43- 38 


S 
S 

N 


13 
48 

34 


00 

51 


\V 
E 

E 


N 

\ 
S 


13 

48 

34 


00 
49 


E 
\V 
W 


6453 
7680 
I. =,66 


Horse. 

Janes Island Lighl. 

Terrapin. 


- 


38 00 10. 56 


75 57 23.66 


N 
S 
S 


38 
30 

37 


30 

45 


w 

E 


s 

X 

X 


38 
30 

37 


30 

44 

21 


E 
E 
W 


1994 
7002 
6022 


Terrapin. 

Horse. 

Janes Island Light 


3 


37 59 33- 2f' 


75 57 20.02 


N 
S 

s 


25 
37 
45 


24 
4-' 


W 
W 
E 


s 

X 
X 


45 


40 
13 


E 
E 
\V 


3119 
60 1 5 
501 1 


Terrapin. 

Horse. 

Janes Island Light 



4 I 37 59 12. 86 75 ,,6 57-37 



58 47.38 75 57 15. 60 



N 28 S9 \V S 29 00 E 

S 46 27 \V X 46 26 E 

S 46 07 E \ 46 07 W 

X 18 27 \V S 18 27 E 

S 49 45 W X 49 44 E 

S 60 04 E X 60 03 W 



37 58 13- 99 



58. 77 



58 57. 16 



S SI 42 \V 

S 79 27 E 

X 3 20 W 

S 14 4.S W 

vS 64 ,S3 E 

X 1 9 ,s4 H 



X SI 41 E 

X 79 29 \v 

S 3 21 E 

X 14 4s E 

N 64 SI W 

S 19 ss W 



4008 Terrapin. 

5910 Horse. 

4098 Janes Island Light. 

4601 Terrapin. 

4974 Horse. 

3970 Janes Island Light. 

3368 Horse. 

4672 Janes Island Light. 

S499 Terrapin. 

4257 Horse. 

6793 Janes Island Light. 

3681 Terrapin. 



Thence from corner Xo. 7 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Xo. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in 'vidth at its mouth at low tide. 



OLD HOUSE. 

{I.iltlv Aiiiicmessex River — Chart So. 9.) 



58 I2.,S4 



37 58 09. 83 



52 57- 62 





, 






, 


Yards. 




s 


77 -- 


W 


N 


77 21 E 


3688 


Janes Island Light. 


vS 


36 33 


E 


X 


36 3i W 


548 


Somers Cove Light. 


X 


61 52 


E 


s 


61 53 \V 


3176 


Emmanuel Church. 


s 


78 17 


W 


\ 


78 16 E 


3520 


Janes island Light. 


s 


53 52 


E 


X 


53 52 W 


592 


Somers Cove Light. 


X 


61 43 


E 


s 


61 4S W 


3353 


Emmanuel Church. 



3 37 58 19. 46 75 53 I4- .^o S 70 53 W X 70 52 E 

S 53 53 E X 53 53 W 

X 69 3,s E S 69 37 W 

4 37 58 16.86 75 S3 17-44 S 71 56 W X 71 S4 E 

S S9 48 E I X S9 48 W 

X 68 46 K S 68 48 W" 



3176 Janes Island Light. 

1 143 Somers Cove Light. 

3625 Emmanuel Church. 

3069 Janes Island Light. 

1166 Somers Cove Light. 

3735 Emmanuel Church. 



Thence from corner Xo. 4 aUmg the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Xo. 1, exchidinu 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Sitrvev of Ovs/rr /^'a/s, Siuurisc/ ( ouiitw Mi/. 

liOUNDAKIIvS OK CRAB BOTTOMS — continued. 

LIGHT HOUSE. 
(Litilc Anncmcsscx Rivtr — Chart No. 9.) 



Triu- bearing 

Latitude Longitude Distance ^- ^- ^- * ^taUon"''"^"''"'' 

Forward Back 

° ' " o , n o / or Yards. 

37 58 38.61 7,s .t2 04.62 N 74 23 E S 74 24 W 1912 Mount Pleasant Church. 

S 35 -'3 \V N 35 23 E 1617 Soniers Cove Light. 

S 70 .i3 W N 70 31 E 514.S Janes Island Light. 

.S7 .S8 37-49 



3 37 38 21.34 



4 .?7 .iS '5- 18 



37 38 r)7. i; 



li 03- 44 


N 

1 ^ 

vS 


37 


01 
04 

^4 


E 
W 
W 


S 
N 


73 
37 
7 I 


02 
04 


W 

E 
E 


1893 
1606 
5163 


Mount Pleasant Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 


,2 20. 23 


i s 

N 
N 


64 
.S8 


12 
02 
26 


w 
E 
E 


N 
S 

s 


35 
64 

58 


12 
03 

-7 


E 
W 
W 


902 
251-' 
-'^93 


Somers Cove Light. 
Mount Pleasant Churcli. 
Emmanuel Church. 


,2 17.41 


1 

S 

N 
N 


48 
,59 
53 


21 
08 
09 


W 
E 
E 


N 
S 
S 


48 
59 
53 


21 
09 
10 


E 

W 
W 


796 

2543 
2.348 


Somers Cove Light. 
Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 


,2 27.62 


S 

N 

N 


51 

.52 


13 
19 
03 


W 
E 
E 


X 

s 

s 


31 

57 


13 
20 
03 


E 
W 
W 


414 
2917 
2729 


Somers Cove Light. 
Mount Pleasant Churcli. 
Emmanuel Church. 


I-' 31-4^ 


vS 

N 
N 


61 
.S6 


13 
14 
13 


E 

E 


X 

s 
s 


56 


13 
15 
14 


E 
W 
W 


483 
2917 
271 1 


Soniers Cove Light. 
Mount Pleasant Churcli. 
Emmanuel Church. 


i-' ,3.S-48 


S 

N 

N 


17 
60 
56 


41 

57 
09 


W 
E 
E 


N 

s 
s 


17 
60 
56 


41 
58 
10 


E 
W 
W 


37- 
3049 
2843 


Soniers Cove Light. 
Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 



37 58 i: 



37 58 09. 



8 37 58 04. 50 j 75 52 32. 20 S 49 50 \V N 49 49 E 262 Somers Cove Light. 

N 57 09 E S S7 10 ^V 3069 Mount Pleasant Church. 

! N 52 08 E S 32 08 W 2881 Emmanuel Church. 

9 37 57 59-48 1 75 52 39.71 S 84 41 \V X 84 39 E 3941 Janes Island Light. 

I S 51 31 E N 31 30 W 4507 Watermelon Hummock. 

N 31 31 E S 31 32 W 3136 Emmanuel Church, 

■" 37 57 57-55 75 5^ 5'- 96 X 78 43 E S 78 45 W 334 Somers Cove Light. 

X 4 00 E ' S 4 00 W 7914 Flat Cap. 

I S 85 13 W i N 83 12 E 3610 Janes Island Light. 

11 37 58 09.83 I 75 32 57.62 S .78 17 W N 78 16 E 3320 Janes Island Light. 

S 53 52 E X 53 52 W 392 Somers Cove Light. 

X 61 43 E ' I S 61 45 W 3353 Emmanuel Church. 

12 37 58 12.54 75 52 5'. 94 S 77 22 \V X 77 21 E 3688 Janes Island Light. 

! S 36 33 E X 36 33 W 548 Somers Cove Light. 

I X 61 52 E I S 61 33 W 3176 Emmanuel Church. 
1 j 

Thence from corner Xo. 12 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner Xo. i, excluding 

nv creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 vards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



I04 



Sill rev !>/ Oys/cr /utrs, Soiiicrs/-/ CduiiIw Mil. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Collt illUcd. 
CANCER. 

{Little Annemessex River — CItart No. g.) 



Cor- 
ner of 


Latitude 


Longitude 


True 


bearing 




Distance 

Yards. 
1655 
2871 
5797 

1631 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


bot- 
tom 


Forward 

S 62 55 E 

S 20 25 w 
S 58 II w 

S 75 53 E 


Back 

N 62 54 
N 20 25 
N 58 09 

N 75 52 


W 
E 
E 

\V 


station 


I 
2 


37 59 19- 28 
37 59 o8- 74 


75 52 02. 18 

75 52 06. 27 


Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 

Emmanuel Church. 



S 20 55 W N 20 55 E 
S 60 44 W N 60 42 E 



2500 Somers Cove Light. 
5523 Janes Island Light. 



Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



BACK CREEK. 
(Little .Annemessex River — Chart No. 9.) 



I i 37 58 57-66 75 51 42. 16 I S 88 31 E N 88 31 W 

S 38 02 W N 38 02 E 

' S 66 56 W N 66 53 E 

37 58 57-48 75 51 44 76 ' S 88 58 E N 88 58 \V 

I S 36 52 W N 36 51 E 

S 66 43 W , N 66 41 E 



37 59 11-57 


75 51 


37.00 


S 
S 
S 


58 22 E 

34 33 W 

63 28 W 


N 58 21 W 
N 34 32 E 
N 63 26 E 


940 
2952 
6258 


37 59 28 84 


75 51 


47-07 


S 
S 

s 


44 50 E 
25 00 W 

57 38 W 


N 44 50 \V 

N 24 59 E 

N 57 37 E 


1517 
3322 
6310 


37 59 30 96 


75 51 


59- 84 


s 
s 
s 


50 53 E 
18 57 w 
55 20 \\' 


N 50 52 W 
N 18 56 E 
X 55 18 E 


1818 
3261 
6066 



Yards. 

943 Emmanuel Church. 

2492 Somers Cove Light. 

5936 Janes Island Light. 

1008 Emmanuel Church. 

2444 Somers Cove Light. 

5869 Janes Island Light. 



Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 

Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 

Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 



Thence from corner No. 5 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



Surt'rv of Oyster Bars, Soiiwisr/ Coiiiitv, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
LAVELLETTE. 

(LMc Anncmessex River — Chart No. 9.) 



i"5 



Cor-! 
nerof 
bot- 
tom 



True bearing 
Forward Back 



37 57 32- 69 75 51 53.92 N 29 37 E >S 29 38 \\ 

N 53 32 W S 53 33 E 

N 84 02 \\" S 84 04 E 

37 57 32.80 75 51 58.72 N 31 38 E S 31 39 W 

N 50 35 W S 50 35 E 

N 83 55 W vS 83 57 E 



37 


57 


51 


82 


75 


52 


10. 29 


N 


43 


36 E 


vS 


43 


37 


W 


2889 
















N 


71 


48 \V 


S 


71 


48 


E 


827 
















S 


88 


40 \V 


N 


88 


42 


E 


4714 


37 


58 


03 


21 


75 


5- 


07.92 


N 


48 


29 E 


S 


48 


29 


W 


2578 
















N 


41 


54 E 


S 


41 


55 


W 


2434 
















S 


Si 


34 W 


N 


81 


34 


E 


857 


37 


58 


13 


52 


75 


51 


56.98 


N 


50 


17 E 


S 


50 


18 


\V 


2129 
















N 


42 


20 E 


vS 


42 


21 


W 


1980 
















S 


67 


28 W 


N 


67 


27 


E 


1235 


37 


58 


21 


78 


75 


51 


50. 8'6 


N 


53 


44 E 


S 


53 


44 


w 


1828 
















N 


44 


38 E 


S 


44 


39 


w 


1666 
















S 


60 


02 W. 


N 


60 


01 


E 


1505 


37 


58 


21 


84 


75 


51 


42. 60 


N 


49 


16 E 


S 


49 


16 


w 


"655 


j 














N 


38 


46 E 


vS 


38 46 


w 


1518 
















S 


63 


41 W 


N 


63 


41 


E 


I7OI 



Yards. 

3148 Mount Pleasant Church. 

1520 Somers Cove Light. 

5175 Janes Island Light. 

32 1 1 , Mount Pleasant Church. 

1416 Somers Cove Light. 

5047 Janes Island Light. 



Mount Pleasant Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 

Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 

Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 

Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 

Mount Pleasant Church. 
Emmanuel Church. 
Somers Cove Light. 



Thence from corner No. 7 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at lov\' tide. 



JENKINS CREEK. 
(Little Annemessex River — Chart No. p.) 







, 









, 











, 









, 




Yards. 








I 


37 


57 


06 


40 


75 


51 


57 


59 


N 


32 


08 


W 


s 


32 


09 


E 


2114 


Somers Cove 


Light. 






















N 


74 


14 


W 


s 


74 


16 E 


5243 


Janes Island 


Light. 






















S 


20 


40 


w 


N 


20 


39 


E 


5130 


Sam. 






2 


37 


57 


25 


62 


75 


52 


09 


39 


N 


35 


20 


w 


s 


35 


20 


E 


1400 


Somers Cove 


Light. 






















N 


80 


41 


w 


s 


80 


43 


E 


4798 


Janes Island Light. 






















S 


15 


21 


w 


\ 


15 


20 


E 


5650 


Sam. 






3 


37 


57 


32 


80 


75 


51 


58 


72 


N 


31 


38 


E 


s 


31 


39 


W 


32 1 1 


Mount Pleasant Church. 




















N 


50 


35 


w 


s 


50 


35 


E 


1416 


Somers Cove 


Light. 






















N 


83 


55 


w 


s 


83 


57 


E 


5047 


Janes Island 


Light. 




4 


37 


57 


32 


69 


75 


51 


53 


92 


N 


29 


37 


E 


s 


29 


38 


W 


3148 


Mount Pleasant Chii 


rch. 




















N 


53 


32 


w 


s 


53 


33 


E 


1520 


Somers Cove 


Light. 






















N 


84 


02 


w 


s 


84 


04 


E 


5175 


Janes Island 


Light. 





Thence from corner No. 4 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. 5, excluding 
any creek, co\c, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 

5oc,95— oS 14 



io6 Suri'cy of Oys/tj- Bars, Soiiwiscl Coniily, Md. 

UOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTfOMS — COllLillUcd. 
JENKINS CREEK— Continued. 



Cor- 










True bearing 








nerof 


Latitude 


Longitude 












Distance 


U S. C. & G. S. triangulation 


bot- 












station 


tom 










r.irwnrd 




Back 










o / 





, 




, 




Yards. 




5 


37 '57 31-64 


75 


51 47- 21 


N 


26 25 E 


S 


26 25 


W 


3095 


Mount Pleasant Church. 










N 


56 II W 


S 


56 12 


E 


1686 


Somers Cove Light. 










N 


83 51 w 


S 


83 53 


E 


5358 


Janes Island Light. 


6 


37 57 32-58 


75 


51 31- 33 


N 


19 10 E 


vS 


19 1 1 


W 


2902 


Mount Pleasant Church. 










N 


63 34 W 


S 


63 35 


E 


2038 


Somers Cove Light. 










N 


84 37 W 


S 


84 39 


E 


5773 


Janes Island Light. 


7 


37 57 26. 20 


75 


51 30. 62 


N 


17 32 E 


S 


17 33 


W 


3100 


Mount Pleasant Church. 










N 


58 41 W 


S 


58 42 


E 


2159 


Somers Cove Light. 










N 


82 31 W 


S 


82 34 


E 


5819 


Janes Island Light. 



Thence from corner No. 7 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its moutli at low tide. 



KINGS ISLAND. 
{Little Annemessex River — Cliart No. 9.) 



I 


37 57 33- 14 


75 


53 38.58 N 77 30 W 
S 8 51 E 
N 60 32 E 


S 77 31 E 
N 8 50 W 
S 60 32 W 


Yards. 
2410 
5771 
1806 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


2 


37 57 37-36 


75 


53 30.06 1 N 81 38 W 
S 6 27 E 
N 60 58 E 


S 81 39 E 
N 6 26 W 
S 60 59 W 


2608 
5881 
1538 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


3 


37 57 43-07 


75 


53 27. 44 N 85 58 W 
S 5 35 E 
N 66 31 E 


S 85 59 E 
N 5 35 W 
S 66 31 W 


2657 
6065 
1389 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


4 


37 57 42- 74 


75 


53 19.82 ' N 86 02 W 
S 3 40 E 
N 62 12 E 


S 86 03 E 
N 3 40 W 
S 62 13 W 


2861 
6038 
1211 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


5 


37 57 32-64 


75 


53 18.58 , N 79 26 W 

S 3 33 E 

; N 48 54 E 


S 79 27 E 
N 3 33 W 
S 48 55 W 


2937 
5695 
1377 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


6 


37 57 32-00 


75 


53 12- 34- 


N 43 14 E 
S I 53 E 
N 79 36 W 


S 43 15 W 
N I 54 W 
S 79 37 E 


1272 
5666 
3105 


Somers Cove Light. 

Sam. 

Janes Island Light. 


7 


37 57 46- 22 


75 


53 02.98 


N 88 35 W 
S 36 W 

N 54 53 E 


S 88 37 E 
N 36 E 
S 54 53 W 


3305 

6143 

759 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


8 


37 57 44-46 


75 


52 35.80 ^ N 11 39 W 

1 N 88 00 W 

S 7 24 W 


S II 39 E 
S 88 OI E 
N 7 23 E 


517 
4032 

6134 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Sam. 


9 


37 57 47-00 


75 


52 22.56 


N 47 25 W 
N 89 26 W 
S 10 30 W 


vS 47 25 E 
S 89 27 E 
N 10 30 E 


622 
4383 
6274 


Somers Cove Light. 
Janes Island Light. 
Sam. 



Sun'cy of Oyster Bars, Somrrsr/ Co/iii/\\ Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
KINGS ISLAND— Continued. 



37 57 25.62 



37 57 06.40 



■ bearing 



Longitude 






- 


Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. iriansulatinn 




Forward 




Back 






/ 


, 




o- , 


Yards. 




75 52 09.39 


N 35 20 W 


S 


35 20 E 


1400 


Somers Cove Light. 




N 80 41 W 


S 


80 43 E 


4798 


Janes Island Light. ■ 




S 15 21 W 


JS! 


15 20 E 


5650 


Sam. 


75 51 57-59 


N 32 08 W 


S 


32 09 E 


2II4 


Somers Cove Light. 




N 74 14 W 


s 


74 16 E 


5243 


Janes Island Light. 




S 20 40 W 


N 


20 39 E 


5130 


Sam. 



Thence from corner No. 11 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in w'idlh at its mouth at low tide. 



GREAT POINT. 

{Entrance Little Annemessex River — Chaii No. 9.) 





/ II 





, 




, 




•0 , 


Yards. 




I 


37 56 58.46 


75 


53 32-95 


S 
N 

N 


9 14 E 

34 38 E 
55 58 W 


N 
S 
S 


9 14 W 
34 39 .W 
55 58 E 


4592 
2494 
3022 


Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 

Janes Island Light. 


- 


37 56 58.91 


75 


53 46. 39 


S 

N 
N 


13 33 E 
41 05 E 
52 00 W 


N 
S 
S 


13 33 W 
41 05 W 
52 00 E 


4677 
2709 
2722 


Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 

Janes Island I<ight. 


3 


37 57 48-22 


75 


53 58- 10 


N 
S 

N 


89 35 W 
12 47 E 
79 42 E 


s 

N 

s 


89 35 E 
12 46 W 
79 43 W 


1832 
6367 

2127 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


4 


37 57 37-36 


75 


53 30.06 


N 
S 

N 


81 38 W 

6 27 E 

60 58 E 


s 

N 

s 


81 39 E 

6 26 W 

60 59 W 


2608 
5881 
1538 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 


5. 


37 57 33- 14 


75 


53 38.58 


N 
S 
N 


77 30 W 

8 51 E 

60 32 E 


s 

N 

s 


77 31 E 

8 so W 

60 32 W 


2410 
5771 
1806 


Janes Island Light. 

Sam. 

Somers Cove Light. 



Thence from corner No. 5 along the mean low-water Une of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



FISHING CREEK. 
(Southeast Tangier Sound — Chart No. p.) 



I ' 37 55 43- 30 75 53 53-32 ' S 32 40 E N 32 39 \V 

N 2s 10 E S 21 II \V 

N 24 53 W S 24 54 E 

■2 37 56 05.77 75 53 49-43 S 23 08 E N 23 07 W 

N 25 S3 E S 25 54 W 

N 30 45 W S 30 46 E 



Y 



2373 j Sam. 

4994 I Somers Cove Light. 

4658 j Janes Island Light. 

2996 Sam. 

4262 Somers Cove Light. 

4035 , Janes Island Liglit. 



Thence from corner No. 2 along the mean low- water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



io8 



Siirz'cy of Oys/rr Bars, Soii/rrsrt Comity, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BorfOMS — continued. 

CEDAR STRAlTvS. 

(Cedar Straits — Chart No. 9.) 



True bearing 



37 54 43- 46 I 75 5^ 59- 



37 54 40- 64 75 5^ 59- 74 



37 54 36-20 75 54 15. 21 



N 82 48 W 
S 48 12 W 
N 66 41 E 

N 65 43 E 
N 5-' 43 W 
y 49 37 W 

.S 6 45 W 
N 81 56 E 
N 20 24 E 



S 82 48 E 

N 48 II E 

S 66 43 W 

S 6=, 4S W 

S 5-! 43 E 

N 49 33 E 

N 6 45 E 

S 81 57 W 

S 20 25 W 



Yards. 




153 


Sam. 


2986 


Fox Island Poplar. 


5092 


East. 


5 1 3 1 


East. 


188 


Sam. 


2921 


Fox Island Poplar. 


1757 


Fox Island Poplar. 


1883 


Sam 


7313 


Somers Cove Light. 



Thence from corner No. 3 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. 4, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



37 54 41-87 I 75 54 i7- 75 



37 55 19-06 I 75 53 58. 24 



37 55 33-4-i 75 53 57-33 



S 4 06 W 

N 87 50 E 
N 1 1 44 W 

S II 42 W 
S 50 05 E 
N 21 II E 

S 10 33 W 
S 39 48 E 
N 22 49 E 



N 4 06 E 
S 87 51 W 
S II 44 E 

N II 41 E 
N so 04 W 
S 21 12 W 

N 10 33 E 
N 39 47 W 
S 22 50 W 



1941 Fox Island Poplar. 

1933 Sam. 

6430 Janes Island Light. 

3258 Fox Island Poplar. 

1841 Sam. 

5802 Somers Cove Light. 

3738 I Fox Island Poplar. 

2168 Sam. 

5343 [ Somers Cove Light. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean iow-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



BROAD CREEK. 

{Western Pocomoke Sound — Chart Xo. y.) 





, // 


I 


37 55 43- 19 

i 


2 


37 54 43- 02 


3 


37 54 42-50 


4 


37 55 04.64 


5 


37 55 04.58 



75 50 04. 56 



N 47 28 E 

N iS 57 W 

S 59 51 W 

75 49 20. 87 I N 19 48 E 

N 29 54 W 

N 89 40 W 

75 50 04. 82 I N 31 26 E 

N o 12 E 

N 89 22 W 



S 47 29 W 
S 18 s8 E 
N 59 48 E 

S 19 48 w 
S 29 55 E 
S 89 43 E 



Yards. 
3842 
1894 
7983 



Monkey. 

Watermelon Hummock. 

Fox Island Poplar. 



27 W 
12 W 
24 E 



4916 , Monkey. 
2340 ' East. 
5997 Sam. 

5442 j Monkey. 
2046 East. 
4823 Sam. 



N 29 32 E S 29 32 W 1494 
N 2 15 E S 2 15 \V 3093 
S 80 23 W , N 80 21 E 4151 



06. 16 I N 51 39 E 

N 18 25 E 

Is 77 42 W 



S 51 39 W 
S 18 26 W 
N 77 41 E 



2098 
3259 
3259 



East. 

Watermelon Hummock. 

Sam. 

East. 

Watermelon Hummock. 

Sam. 



Survey of Oys/cr Ha is, Soiuerscl Comity, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOTTOMS — Continued. 
BROAD CREEK— Continued. 



109 



True bearing 



37 54 41-93 75 50 58-48 N 34 53 K 
N 12 04 E 
I N 88 48 W 

37 54 40. 64 ! 75 52 59. 74 ' N 65 43 E 
I N 52 43 W 
S 49 37 W 



8 37 54 43-46 



75 52 59.66 N 82 48 W 
vS 48 12 \V 
N 66 41 E 



U. S. C. S: O. S. trkingulati^ 



° ' yards. 

vS 34 54 W 2517 East. 

S 12 05 W 3944 Watermelon HuiiiiiKick. 

S 88 49 E 3390 Sam. 

S 65 45 W 513T East. 

vS 52 43 E i88 Sam. 

N 49 33 E 2921 Fox Island Poplar. 

S 82 48 E 153 I Sam. 

N 48 1 1 E 2986 ' Fo-x Island Poplar. 

S 66 43 \V 5092 East. 



Thence from corner No. 8 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i , excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



WARE POINT. 
{Nortliern Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. 9.) 







, 









, 








, 


, ■ 


Yards. 




1 


37 


57 


02 


04 


75 


49 


28. 


14 


S 


61 20 w 


; N 61 20 E 


1810 


Watermelon Hummock. 


















s 


20 06 w 


N 20 05 E 


2830 


East. 


















s 


88 07 W 


N 88 06 E 


i860 


Monkey. 


2 ' 37 


57 


00 


82 


75 


48 


42. 


30 


s 


73 37 W 


N 73 36 E 


2931 


Watermelon Hunnnock. 




















y 


40 01 W 


N 40 00 E 


3418 


East. 




















S 


88 09 E 


N 88 08 W 


635 


Monkey. 



37 56 47-45 



48 49.97 



75 48 51-05 



5 37 54 43-02 75 49 20.87 



37 55 43- 19 75 5" 04- 56 



N 62 52 E 
S 81 48 W 
S 42 36 W 

N 15 14 E 
N 47 IS W 
N 73 II W 

N 19 48 E 
N 29 54 W 
N 89 40 W 

N 47 28 E 
N 18 57 W 
S 59 51 W 



S 62 53 W 

N 81 47 E 

N 42 33 E 

S 15 14 W 

vS 47 16 E 

S 73 12 E 

S 19 48 W 

S 29 55 E 

S 89 43 E 

S 47 29 W 

S 18 s8 E 

N ,59 48 E 



944 I Monkey. 

2633 ! Watermelon Hummock. 

2943 , East. 

3306 I Monkey. 

3512 Watermelon Hununnck. 

2050 I East. 

[ 

4916 j Monkey. 

2340 I East. 

5997 ; vSam. 

3842 I Monkey. 

1894 I Watermelon Hummock. 

79S3 Fox Island Poplar. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



, excluding 



Siiri'rv of Oyster Ban, Soji/rrsrf County, Aid. 

BOUNDARIES OF CRAB BOITOMS — Continued. 

APES HOLE. 

{Northern Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. p.) 



Cor- 










True bearing 










ner oJ 


Latitude 


Longitude 


















Distance 


U. S. C. & G. S. triangulat 


bot- 
tom 




Forwar 


d 




Back 




station 




o / // 


, 






Yards. 




I 


37 57 14- 29 


75 48 12.92 


S 
S 
S 


70 

44 

17 


24 
09 

29 


W 

w 
w 


N 

N 
N 


70 

44 
17 


22 
08 
29 


E 
E 
E 


3818 

4280 

498 


Watermelon Hummock 

East. 

Monkey. 


2 


37 56 41-98 


75 48 17-81 


N 
N 
S 


72 

I 

55 


12 
46 
12 


E 
W 
W 


S 
S 

N 


1 

55 


'5 
46 
II 


\V 
E 
E 


6816 

614 

3472 


Scot. 

Monkey. 

East. 


3 


37 56 50. 20 


75 48 38.72 


S 
S 
S 


80 

45 
70 


50 
25 

55 


w 
w 

E 


N 

N 
N 


80 
45 
70 


49 
24 
52 


E 
E 
W 


2945 
3218 
8892 


Watermelon Hummock 

East. 

Saxis Church. 


4 


37 57 02.80 


75 48 31-38 


S 

s 
s 


73 
42 
75 


57 
50 
31 


W 
W 
E 


N 
N 
N 


73 
42 
75 


56 
49 
31 


E 
E 
W 


3229 

3660 

354 


Watermelon Humniock 

East. 

Monkey. 


5 


37 57 22,88 


75 48 49. 88 


s 
s 
s 


58 58 
30 41 

47 47 


W 
W 
E 


N 
N 


58 
30 

47 


57 
40 
46 


E 
E 

w 


3046 
3909 
"34 


Watermelon Hummock 

East. 

Monkey. 


6 


37 57 26.04 


75 48 43- 29 


s 
s 
s 


58 
32 
37 


58 
03 
13 


w 
w 
E 


N 

N 
N 


58 
32 
37 


57 
02 

13 


E 
E 

W 


3252 
4091 
1094 


Watermelon Hummock. 

East. 

Monkey. 



Thence from corner No. 6 along the mean low-water line of the shore to corner No. i, excluding 
any creek, cove, or inlet less than 100 yards in width at its mouth at low tide. 



BOUNDARIES OF CLAM BEDS. 

EXPLAN.\TION OF DESCRIPTIONS OF BOUNDARIES. 

The Maryland legislature of 1908 in an act" passed to prescribe additional duties 
to be performed by the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners provided for the establish- 
ment of boundaries of certain clam beds in Pocomoke Sound, which were to be "sur- 
veyed and designated on charts" and records prepared and filed in every particular as 
provided for by the Maryland laws for the survey of natural oyster bars. 

The clam beds specified by the law are only 3 in number, with total acreage of 506 
acres, the largest bed being 180 acres and the smallest 152 acres. 

The boundaries of these clam beds were surveyed and established by the Shell Fish 
Commission and delineated on the "Charts of Oyster Bars" published by the Coast and 
Geodetic Survey in a manner identical with that used for the establishment of the oyster 
bar boundaries. Therefore the " Explanation of descriptions of boundaries," under the 
heading of "Boundaries of oyster bars," to be found in another part of this publication, 
will apply to the clam beds. 

" For the text of this act see Appendix B of this puljlicalion. 



Suri'ey Of (h'strr /ya/s, Soii/crsc/ Coiiii/v, Md. iii 

SURVEYING METHODS OK RELOCATION OF BOUNDARIES. 

l''()r similar reasons to those given under the previous heading, the "Surveying 
nielliods of relocation of boundaries," given under the heading of "Boundaries of oyster 
bars," to be found in another part of this publication, will apply to clam beds. 

BOUNDARIES OF CLAM BEDS. 

WARE ROCK. 
{Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. y.) 

C<ir- True bearing 



I 37 55 13.00 75 48 09. 78 



37 55 14-60 75 48 46.62 



N 3 42 W S 3 42 E 
N 71 17 W S 71 38 E 
S 73 21 W N 73 18 E 



N II 54 E 
N 65 09 W 
S 71 20 W 



S 1 1 54 w 
S 65 09 E 
N 71 17 E 



Yards. 

3622 Monkey. 

3230 East. 

10407 Fo.x Island Poplar. 

3640 Monkey. 

2294 East. 

9486 I Fox Island Poplar. 



3 37 55 41-57 


75 48 


32.21 


S 85 52 E 
N 7 51 E 
N 88 43 W 


N 85 49 W 

S 7 51 w 

S 88 44 E 


8251 
2676 
2467 


Saxis Church. 

Monkey. 

East. 


4 37 55 45- 79 


75 48 


13.64 


N 2 58 W 
S 88 19 W 
S 67 30 W 


S 2 58 E 
N 88 18 E 
N 67 30 W 


2517 
2964 
10680 


Monkey. 

East. 

Fox Island Poplar. 



GRAVEL ROCK. 
{Pocomoke Sound — Chart No. p.) 








, 




, 





, 











, 









, 




Yards. 






I 


37 


55 


1 1 


66 


75 


47 


39 


42 


N 


15 


55 


W 


s 


15 


57 


E 


3808 


Monkey. 






















N 


74 


39 


W 


s 


74 


41 


E 


4020 


East. 






















S 


74 


47 


W 


N 


74 


42 


E 


11174 


Fox Island 


Poplar. 


2 


37 


55 


13 


00 


75 


48 


09 


78 


N 


3 


42 


W 


s 


3 


42 


E 


3622 


Monkey. 






















N 


71 


37 


W 


s 


71 


38 


E 


3230 


East. 






















S 


73 


21 


W 


N 


73 


18 


E 


10407 


Fox Island 


Poplar. 


3 


37 


55 


45 


79 


75 


48 


13 


64 


N 


2 


58 


W 


s 


2 


58 E 


2517 


Monkey. 






















S 


88 


19 


W 


N 


88 


18 


E 


2964 


East. 






















S 


67 


30 


W 


N 


67 


27 


E 


10680 


Fox Island 


Poplar. 


4 


37 


55 


50 


76 


75 


47 


52 


93 


S 


82 


49 


E 


N 


82 


46 


W 


7237 


Saxis Church. 




















N 


16 


16 


W 


S 


16 


16 


E 


2439 


Monkey. 






















S 


85 


52 


w 


N 


85 


53 


E 


3525 


East. 





Survey of Oyster Bars, Soiiicisc/ Conii/y, Md. 

BOUNDARIES OF CLAM BEDS — continued. 

FLAT ROCK. 

{Pocomoke Sound — Charts Nos. g and to.) 



Distance 



75 46 56.00 I N 37 26 W S 37 27 E 
N 86 47 W S 86 49 E 
S 72 43 W N 72 38 E 



Yards. 

3624 Monkey. 

5044 ' East. 

12505 ] Fox Island Poplar. 



2 


37 55 


39.26 


75 47 


40.94 


N 20 II W 
N 88 01 W 
S 70 13 W 


S 20 12 E 
S 88 02 E 
N 70 08 E 


2908 
3837 
11416 


Monkey. 

East. 

Fox Island Poplar. 


3 


37 56 


08.82 


75 47 


03. 84 


N 49 00 W 
S 79 5= W 
S 67 30 W 


S 49 00 E 
N 79 50 E 
N 67 25 E 


2642 
4904 
12700 


Monkev. 

East. 

Fox Island Poplar. 


4 


37 55 


43- iS 


75 46 


44.80 


N 43 56 W 
N 89 59 W 
S 71 56 W 


S 43 57 E 
S 89 59 E 
N 71 51 E 


3607 
5336 
12877 


Monkev. 

East. 

Fox Island Poplar. 



APPENDIXES 



Appendix A.— LAWS RELATING TO THE COOPERATION OF THE COAvST AND GEODETIC 
SURVEY AND BUREAU OF FISHERIES WITH THE MARYLAND SHELL FISH COM- 
MISSION. 

The work of tlie Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries, in cooperation with 
the Maryland Shell Fish Commission, in surveying the oyster bars, establishing permanent landmarks 
at triangulation stations, and preparing for publication the necessary charts and technical and legal 
descriptions of boundaries and landmarks shown on these charts, has been executed in compliance with 
a request from the governor of the State of Maryland to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, and by 
the authority of the following laws of the United States and Maryland: 

{Act of Congress approved May 26, 1906.I 

AN ACT To authorize tbe Secretary of Commerce and Labor to cooperate, through the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries, with the shellfish commissioners of the State of Maryland in making 5ur\-eys 
of the natural oyster beds. bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland. 

Be it eiiaclcd by ike Senate and House of Representatives oj the United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed, 
upon the request of the governor of the State of Maryland, to designate such officers, experts, and 
employees of the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the Bureau of Fisheries as may be 
necessary to cooperate with the Maryland State board of shellfish commissioners in making a survey 
of and locating the natural oyster beds, bars, and rocks in the waters within the State of Maryland; 
and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor is hereby authorized and directed to furnish to the officers, 
experts, and employees of said Bureaus so detailed as aforesaid such instruments, appUances, and 
steam launches as may be necessary to make the survey aforesaid; and the Secretary of Commerce 
and Labor is hereby authorized to have made in the Bureau of the Coast and Geodetic Survey all the 
plats necessary to show the results of the aforesaid survey and' the locations of the said natural oyster 
beds, bars, and rocks in the waters witliin the State of Maryland, and to furnish to the board of shell- 
fish commissioners of the State of Maryland such copies as may be necessary, and for this purpose to 
employ, in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, such technically qualified persons as may be neces- 
sary to carry out the purpose of this act. 

Sec. 2. That the Secretan.^ of Commerce and Labor is hereby further authorized to have erected 
or constructed by the officers so detailed as aforesaid, while making such survey, such structures as 
may be necessary to mark the points of triangulation, so that the same may be used for such future 
work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey as the said Bureau may be hereafter required to perform in 
prosecuting the Government coast siu-vey of the navigable waters of the United States located within 
the State of Maryland. 

******* 

Sec. 4. That this act shall take effect from the date of its passage. 



|.\ct of Congress approved June 30. 1906.] 

AN .\CT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth 
nineteen hundred and seven, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of tlie United States of America in Congress 
assembled. That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and seven, namely; * * * 

50095—08 15 113 



114 Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset County, Aid. 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including the 
expenditures authorized under Public Act Numbered One hundred and eighty-one, approved May 
twenty-sixth, nineteen hundred and six, and contingent expenses incident thereto, five thousand dollars, 
together with the unexpended balance under this appropriation for nineteen hundred and six and 
prior years which is hereby reappropriated and made available on this account for the fiscal year nine- 
teen hundred and seven. * * * 



lAct of Congress approved March 4, 1907.] 

AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and eight, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House oj Representatives oj the United States oj America in Congress 
assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and eight, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Sur\'Ey: * * * Por any special sur\-eys * * * including expenses 
of surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, to be immediatelv available 
and to continue available until expended, twenty-five thousand dollars. * * * 



[Act of Congress approved May 27, rgoS.] 

AX .-VCT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
nineteen hundred and nine, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States oj A merica in Congress 
assembled, That tlie following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects herein- 
after expressed, for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and nine, namely: * * * 

Coast and Geodetic Survey: * * * For any special surveys * * * including expenses 
111 surveys in aid of the shellfish commission of the State of Maryland, which expenses, including cost 
of plats and charts, shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars in any one year, to be immediately avail- 
able, twenty thousand dollars. 

[Act of the legislature of Maryland approved April 1, 1906.] 

.W aCT 10 establish and promote the industry- of oyster culture in Maryland, to define and mark natural oyster beds, 
bars and rocks lying under the waters of this State, to prescribe penalties for the infringement of the provisions of 
this Act, and * * * 

Section i. Be it enacted by the General Assembly oj Maryland, That the following sections be, and 
they are hereby, added to Article 72 of the Code of Public General Laws, title "Oysters." * * * 

Sec. 86. The Board of Shell Fish Commissioners shall, as soon as practicable after the passage of 
this Act, cause to be made a true and accurate survey of the natural oyster beds, bars and rocks of 
this State, said sur\'ey to be made with reference to fixed and permanent objects on the shore, giving 
courses and distances, to be fully described and set out in a written report of said survey, as hereinafter 
required. A true and accurate delineation of the same shall be made on copies of published maps and 
charts of- the United States coast and geodetic survey, which said copies shall be filed in the office of 
the said commissioners in the city of Annapolis; and the said commissioners shall further cause to be 
delineated upon copies of the published maps and charts of the United States coast and geodetic sur- 
vev, of the largest scale, one copy for each of the counties of this State in the waters of which there 
are natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, all natural beds, bars and rocks lying w-ithin the waters of 
such county, which maps shall be filed in the offices of the clerks of the Circuit Court for the respective 
counties wherein the grounds so designated may lie. 

* * ' * Sf * « * 

Sec. 87. The Governor of this State is licrcby requested to ask the assistance of the I'nited States 
coast and geodetic survey, and of the United States Fish Cnmtnissioner, to aid in the carrying out of 
the provisions of the preceding section. * * * 



Siirvev of Oyster Bars^ Somerset Co/ii/tv, Md. 115 

Sec. 89. As soon as practicable after the first day of April, 1906, the said commissioners shall 
organize, and shall at once proceed, with the assistance of such person or persons as may be detailed by 
the United States coast and geodetic survey, and the United States Fish Commissioner, to aid them 
in their work, arid of such persons as may be appointed under the preceding section, to have laid out, 
surveyed and designated on the said charts, the natural beds and bars, and shall cause to be marked 
and defined as accurately as practicable, the limits and boundaries of the natural beds, bars and rocks, 
as established by said survey, and they shall take true and accurate notes of said survey in writing, 
and make an accurate report of said survey, setting forth such a description of landmarks as may be 
necessary to enable the said board, or their successors, to find and ascertain the boundary lines of the 
said natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, as shown by a delineation on the maps and charts provided 
in this Act; said report shall be completed and filed in the office of the board in the city of Annapolis 
within ninety days after the completion of the survey of any county. Said commissioners shall cause 
the same to be published in i^araphlet form, and transmit copies of the same to the clerks of the Circuit 
Court for the respective counties, where the charts have been filed or directed to be filed as hereinafter 
provided: the said report to be filed by the clerks of the several counties in a book kept for that purpos'e. 
And the said survey and report, when filed, subject to the right of appeal hereafter provided for in this 
Act, shall be taken in. all of the courts of this State as conclusive evidence of the boundaries and limits 
of all natural oyster beds, bars and rocks, lying w-ithin the waters of the county wherein such survey 
and report are filed, and shall be construed to mean in all of the said courts that there are no natural 
oyster beds, bars or rocks lying within the waters of the counties wherein such report and sur\'ey are 
filed, other than those embraced in the survey authorized by this Act, and that all areas of the Chesapeake 
Bay and its tributaries withm the State of Maryland, not shown in the survey to be natural oyster beds, 
bars or rocks, shall be construed in all the courts of the State to be barren bottoms, and open for disposal 
by the State for the purpose of private planting or propagation of oysters thereon under the provisions 
of this Act; provided, that the said survey and report shall not be so construed as to affect in any manner 
tlie holdings by citizens of this State in any lot which may have been appropriated or taken up imder 
the laws of this State prior to the approval of this .Act. * * * 

The law of the State of Maryland, passed March g, 1842, authorizing officers of the United States 
Coast and Geodetic Survey to enter upon the lands within the State limits for the purposes of the Survey, 
is as follows: 

.\ii Act Concerning the Survey of the Coast of Mar^'land. 

Section i. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, That it shall and may be lawful for any 
person or persons employed under and by virtue of an act of the Congress of the United States, * * * 
at any. time hereafter to enter upon lands within this State for the purpose of exploring, surveying, 
triangulating, or levelling, or doing any other matter or thing which may be necessary to effect the 
objects of said act, and to erect any works, stations, buildings, or appendages requisite for that purpose, 
doing no imnecessary injury to private or other property. 

Sec. 2." And be it enacted. That in case the person or persons employed under the act of Congress 
aforesaid, can not agree with the owners or possessors of the land so entered upon and used as to the 
amount of damage done thereto by reason of the removal of fences, cutting of trees or injury' to the 
crop or crops growing on the same, it shall and may be lawful for the said parties or either of them to 
apply to the chief justice for the time being or one of the associate judges of the judicial district in . 
which such land may be situated, who shall thereupon appoint three disinterested and judicious free- 
holders, residents of the same judicial district, to proceed with as much despatch as possible to the 
examination of the matter in question, and the faithful assessment of the damages sustained by the 
owners or possessors aforesaid, and the said freeholders or a majority of them, having first taken and 
subscribed an oath or affirmation before the chief or associate justice aforesaid or other person duly 
authorized to administer the same, that they will well and truly examine and assess as aforesaid, and 
having given five days' notice to both parties of the time of their meeting, shall proceed to the spot, 
and then and there upon their own view and if required, upon the evidence of witnesses, (to be by 

<t Under the rulings of the Comptroller of the Treasury no damages can be collected except through the United 
States Court of Claims unless an agreement has been made in advance. 



ii6 S?ir7<(y of Ovs/rr Bars, Soiucrsc/ Coini/y, Md. 

them sworn or affirmed and examined) shall assess the said damages, and shall afterward make report 
thereof and of their proceedings in writing under their liands and seals and file the same within five 
days thereafter in the office of the clerk of the count)' in which the land aforesaid is situated, subject 
to an appeal b)' either party to the county court of the said county within ten days after filing as 
aforesaid, and the said report so made as aforesaid, if no appeal as aforesaid be taken, shall be held to 
be final and conclusive as between the said parties, and the amount so assessed and reported shall be 
paid to the said owners or possessors of the land so damaged within twenty days after the filing of 
said report, and the said chief or associate justice as aforesaid, shall have authority to tax and allow 
upon the filing of said report, such costs, fees and expenses to the said freeholders for the performance 
of their duty as he shall think equitable and just, w-hich allowance shall be paid by the person or persons 
employed under the act of congress aforesaid, within the time last above limited, but if an appeal as 
aforesaid be taken, the case shall be set down for hearing at the first term of county court aforesaid, 
ensuing upon and after appeal, and it shall be lawful for either party immediately after the entry of 
such appeal, to take out summons for such witnesses as may be necessary to be examined upon the 
hearing aforesaid, and the said court shall have power in its discretion to award costs against W'hich ever 
the final judgment shall be entered, and such appeal at the option of either party ma)' and shall be 
heard before and the damages assessed by a jury of twelve men to be taken from the regular panel 
and elected as in other cases. 

Sec. 3. And be it enacted. That if any person or persons shall wilfully injure or deface or remove 
any signal, monument or building or any appendage thereto, erected, used or constructed under and 
by virtue of the act of congress aforesaid, such person or persons so offending shall severally forfeit 
and pay the sum of fifty dollars with costs of suit to be sued for and recovered by any person who 
shall first prosecute the same before any justice of the peace of the county where the person so offending 
may reside, and shall also be liable to pay the amount of damages thereby sustained, to be recovered 
with costs of suit in an action on the case, in the name and for the use of the United States of America, 
in any court of competent jurisdiction. 



Appendix B.— LAWS RELATING TO SURVEY OF CLAM BEDS. 

[Act of the legislature of Maryland approved April 6. 190S."] 

AN .\CT to prescribe additional duties to be performed by the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, to the duties already 
prescribed for them by Chapter 711 of the Acts of the General Assembly of Maryland of 1906. 

Section i. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, That it shall be the duty of the 
Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, as soon after the passage of this Act as practicable, to have laid 
out, surveyed and designated on charts provided for such purpose. Gravel Rock, Ware Rock, and Flat 
Rock, being clam banks located in the waters of Pocomoke Sound, in Somerset county, and State of 
Maryland, and shall cause to be marked and defined as accurately as practicable the hmits and bounda- 
ries of each of the above named rocks, and they shall take true and accurate notes of said sur\'ey and 
make the report and perform all other duties connected with said sur\-ey as said duties are prescribed 
by Chapter 711 of the Acts of the General Assembly of Maryland of igo6, pertaining to natural oyster 
beds and bars. 

Sec. 2. And be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, That after said rocks shall have 
been surveyed as provided in Section i of this Act, no part of them shall be leased to any person or 
persons for the purpose of planting, bedding or cultivating oysters, thereon, but they shall be reser%'ed to 
the public in the State of Maryland for the sole purpose of taking clams therefrom, and shall be treated 
in everj- particular as are the natural oyster beds or bars which have been or shall be surveyed by the 
Board of Shell Fish Commissioners under Chapter 711 of the Acts of the General Assembly of Mar)-land 
of 1906. 

Sec. 3. .■\nd be it further enacted. That this Act shall take effect from the date of its passage. 

<'As published in bill form. 



Survey- of Oyster Bars^ Somerset County^ Aid. 117 

Appendix C— STATISTICS OF RESULTS OF THE COMBINED OPERATIONS OF THE 
GOVERNMENT AND STATE. 

For a further understanding of the character of the oyster survey work that is being carried on 
in Maryland the following statistical tabulations of the combined results of the various operations of 
both the Government and State will be of value. In this connection it should be remembered that 
these statistics only include the new work required to supplement the large amount of existing data 
obtained from the archives of Coast and Geodetic Survey and utilized in the preparation of the charts 
and technical records. 



Natural oyster bars surveyed and delineated 

Acres of natural oyster bars 

Crab bottoms surveyed and delineated 

Acres of crab bottoms 

Clam beds siuA'eyed and delineated 

Acres of clam beds 

Number of oyster lots leased and surveyed 

Acres of oyster lots leased and surveyed 

Boundary buoys located and planted 

Triangulation landmarks established 

Miles of shore hne covered by triangulatiori 

Square miles of water covered by triangulation 

Miles of examination of shell bottom with chain apparatu 

Oystjer investigation stations occupied 

Number of soundings over shell bottoms 

Square miles covered by soundings and chain apparatus. 

Projections prepared and plotted 

Leasing charts prepared 

Oyster charts published 

Reports published 

Progress maps published 





506 


506 
223 


38 


203 


920 


I. 123 


362 


IS4 


" 516 


123 


86 


209 


no 


I2S 


-23 s 


J20 


375 


595 


369 


296 


665 


440 


679 


1.119 


049 


17.904 


54.953 



(«) Less quantities covered by statistics of more than one county. 
C'O Total area of natural oyster bars of Connecticut is 5,770 acres. 

Appendix D.— THE HAMAN OYSTER CULTURE LAW. 

lExtract from First Report of Shell Fish Commission.] 

OBJECT. 

"The legislature in placing chapter 711 of the acts of 1906, better known as the Haman Oyster 
Culture Law, upon the statute books of Maryland had a twofold object in view: 

1. To encourage an industry in oyster culture upon the barren bottoms beneath the tidewaters 
of the State. 

2. To prevent tlie leasing of natural oyster bars for the purpose of oyster culture." 



"To make the leasing of barren bottoms possible and the leasing of natural bars impossible, provision 
was made for a survey of the natural bars for the purpose of accurately locating and marking the same. 
It was definitely provided that no barren bottoms should be leased in any part of the State until the 
natural bars of that region had been surveyed, charted, and marked with buoys." 



ii8 Survey of Oyster Bars, Somerset Couiitv., Md. 

NATfRAL BAR NOT DEFINED. 

"The Shell Fish Commission is instructed by section goof the Haman Oyster Culture Law to 
exercise its judgment liberally in favor of the natural bars when surveying, charting and buoying them, 
but other than this the Commission is uninstructed in this important matter. The responsibility of 
defining a ilatural bar is placed upon the Commission." 

DEFINITION OF A NATURAL OYSTER BAR. 

DIVERSITY OF OPINION. 

" No definition of a natural oyster bar covild be formulated by any man or body of men which would 
meet with the approval of all parties concerned. Oystermen, as a rule, hold that all bottoms where 
oysters grow or have grown natuially even though now practically barren of oysters should be consid- 
ered natural bars. Other citizens of the State who are not directly interested in the oyster business, 
but interested in the oyster industry from the standpoint of revenue, hold, as a rule, that no bottoms 
should be excluded from leasing for oyster culture which, by methods known to oyster culturalists, may 
be made to yield a greater number of oysters than they now produce." 

" It should be evident to every one that neither of these definitions could be adopted by the Com- 
mission as a working basis for determining which of the grounds surveyed are natural oyster bars." 

THE GOLDSBOROUGH DEFINITION. 

"The definition of a natural bar which very nearly approaches a reasonable and satisfactory 
compromise between the extreme views given above and which has therefore been adopted by the 
Commission, is that contained in an opinion rendered by Judge Charles F. Goldsborough in the circuit 
court for Dorchester County in the July term, 1881, in the case of William T. Windsor and George R. 
Tood, -v. Job T. Moore. It is as follows: 

What then is a natural bar or bed of oysters? It would be a palpable absurdity for the State to 
attempt to promote the propagation and growth of oysters and to encourage its citizens, by a grant 
of land, to engage in their culture, if the lands authorized to be taken up were only those upon which 
oysters do not and can not be made to grow. That there may be lands covered by water in the State 
where ho oysters can be found, but where, if planted, they could be cultivated successfully, may be 
possible, but, if so, I imagine that their extent must be too limited for them to be of much practical, 
general advantage for the purposes of such a law as the one under discussion; but there are thousands 
of acres of hard and shifting sands where oysters not only are not found, but where it would be folly 
to plant them; and these latter it can not be supposed that the State intended to offer to give away, 
for the simple reason that the State could not help knowing that nobody would have them. 

Upon the other hand there are large and numerous tracts where oysters of natural growth may 
be found in moderate numbers, but not in quantities sufficient to make it profitable to catch them, 
and yet where oysters may be successfully planted and projiagated. In my opinion these can not be 
called natural bars or beds of oysters, within the meaning of the Act of Assembly, and it is just such 
lands as these that the State meant to allow to be taken up under the provisions of tlie above-mentioned 
section of the Act. 

But there is still another class of lands where oysters grow naturally and in large quantities and 
to which the public are now and have been for many years in the habit of resorting with a view to 
earning a livelihood by catching this natural growth, and here, I think, is the true test of the whole 
question. Land can not be said to be a natural oyster bar or bed merely because oysters are scattered 
here and there upon it, and because if planted they will readily live and thrive there; but whenever 
the natural growth is so thick and abundant that the public resort to it for a livelihood, it is a natural 
oyster bar or bed and comes within the above-quoted restriction in the law, and cannot be located or 
appropriated by any individual." 

o 



\ 



r Je '09 



